M'malo osiyanasiyana, mukhoza kupeza maluwa okongoletsera maluwa (dzina lachiwiri ndi la rose-rose), lomwe liri ndi mitundu yambiri (pafupifupi 60) ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ingakhutire kukoma kwa munda wamaluwa ndi malo okonza mapulani.
Flower mallow - mitundu
Pakati pa mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana ya mallow, munthu amatha kupeza zomera, pachaka komanso zosatha. Maluwa a mallow, omwe ali a zaka ziwiri ndi osatha, amamasula mchaka chachiwiri mutatha kubwerera pansi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mallow ndi yosatha, imakula mpaka 180-200 masentimita, imakhala yaikulu zimayambira ndipo imayamba pachimake kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa June mpaka kuzizizira, zomwe zimatchuka kwambiri zitha kunenedwa motere:
- Malva ndi pinki. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri, yomwe imakonda kulima imakula kufika pa 200-250 cm. Maluwa amapitirira kuyambira June mpaka September, mtundu umakhala woyera, pinki, wachikasu, wofiira, lilac, violet.
- Malva ali ndi makwinya. Mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi, pokhala ngati ya phokoso la mallow pinki, ndi wodzichepetsa, frosty, yokongoletsedwa ndi zazikulu, zokongola za maluwa achikasu.
- Mallow ndi musky. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yochepa, mosiyana ndi yomwe yapita kale, imakhala ndi fungo losangalatsa, maluwa ali ndi malo ambiri, zikuwoneka bwino pa webusaitiyi.
- Malva ndi nkhalango. Chomeracho chimakhala chofewa, chimamera myezi yonse yachilimwe, chimasiyana mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Malva osatha
Maluwa a mallow osatha amakhala ndi nthawi yaitali maluwa, malo omwe amabzalidwa sasiya kutaya kwake mpaka kugwa. Chomerachi chimakonda kutentha ndi kuwala, choncho sankhani malo obzala osatha komwe kuli dzuwa lambili ndipo palibe mphepo ndi ma drafts. Yankho labwino kwambiri lidzabzala zomera pamakoma kapena makoma omanga, mitundu ina, makamaka yautali, imafuna garter. Kukula ndi kusamalira duwa sikovuta, zomera zimatha kusintha mosavuta nyengo yathu, zimasowa kwambiri.
Chaka cha Malva
Mitundu ya pachaka ya mallow imachepa (30-120 masentimita) kuposa osatha, chifukwa cha khalidweli safunikira thandizo lina. Mtengo umodzi wa chaka chimodzi umakhala ndi masamba obiriwira, amabala bwino, ali ndi tsinde lamphamvu, sakhala ndi matenda ochepa. Mtundu wapadera wa mitundu iyi ukhoza kutchedwa mtundu wobiriwira wa maluwa ukukula pa zimayambira payekha, zomera zimayang'ana kwambiri.
Mtengo wa mallow wa chaka chimodzi ukhoza kubzalidwa muzitsulo za pansi kapena maluwa, nthawi yomweyo, zikuwoneka bwino. Ambiri amaluwa amatha kuyamikira mitundu yambiri ya pachaka chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwawo, ndizosalepheretsa chilala, ayenera kuthiriridwa kawiri kapena katatu pa mwezi. Kuphulika mallow kumayambira kumapeto kwa June, kumathera kumapeto kwa autumn (ngati yophukira sizizira). Kubereka mosasunthika ndi mbewu, ikhoza kukula pamalo amodzi kwa zaka zambiri.
Malva - kutsika
Kubzala pansi kumapangidwa ndi mbewu ndi mbande. Mbewu imafesedwa mallow kumapeto kwa kasupe, nthaka ikawomba bwino, kapena kumapeto kwa autumn, m'nyengo yozizira. Kumera bwino kumakhala ndi mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi zaka ziwiri. Pakukula mbande, mbeu ziyenera kubzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March, ndipo pa 20 May, mbande zakula zambiri m'munda. Ngati chomeracho chidzabzala mu mbande masika, idzaphuka kale. Sankhani malo okhala ndi nthaka youma (loam), okonzedwa bwino, musanayambe kumasula pasanafike, kukoma ndi humus.
Mbewu ya mallow yabzalidwa ndi mbewu
Odziŵa bwino alimi amalangiza kubzala mallow mbewu m'chaka, kupewa sub-yozizira kubzala. Kuti muchite izi, mu nthaka yomwe idasulidwa kale, imapanga mabowo 3 cm pamtunda wa masentimita 25-30 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, ikani mbeu 2-3 mmenemo, kuwaza dziko lapansi ndi mapaundi ochepa. Pambuyo pofesa nthaka imatsanulira madzi, kuphimba ndi film ya polyethylene kuti kutupa mofulumira ndi kumera kwa mbewu.
Pambuyo pa maonekedwe a mphukira zoyamba, pambuyo pa masiku 7-10, polyethylene yodetsedwa ndikufesa mbewu. Malva, yomwe idabzalidwa mwachindunji kumalo otseguka, imayamba kuphuka kokha chaka chotsatira, pachilimwe choyamba chomeracho chimapanga kope kokha. Ngati kulima mallow kuchokera ku mbewu kumakhala pansi pa malo abwino komanso mosamalitsa, padzakhala pachakudya, ndipo maluwawo adzasinthidwa okha.
Momwe mungabzalitsire mallow mbande?
Malva amamasula chaka chotsatira mutabzala, ngati mukufuna kupeza maluwa mu chaka chodzala, ndizomveka kukula mbande poyamba. Kukula mbande, tsatirani malamulo osavuta:
- Mbeu za mbeu zomwe zimapezeka m'mayipi kumapeto kwa February, kumayambiriro kwa March;
- Zomera zimakula bwino mu zikho, peyala iliyonse. Pambuyo pake, makapu pamodzi ndi mbande zomwe zimamera zimabzala mosavuta pansi;
- chidebe chokhala ndi mbande chophimba ndi filimu kapena galasi loonekera, kupereka madzi ozizira ndi ofunda;
- Onetsetsani kuti kutentha kwa mbeu mu chipindamo sikuchepera 18-22 ° C;
- kukula kwakukulu kwa chomera kumakhala ndi kuwala kokwanira; ngati kuli kotheka, konzani kuwunikira kwina;
- spray sprinkles nthawi zonse.
Musanabzala mallow panja, kukula msinkhu kungakhale kovuta pang'ono, njirayi iyenera kubwerezedwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa nthawi ndithu. Tsiku lililonse mutenge maola angapo ndi mbande pamalo ozizira, izi zidzakuthandizani chomera mutatha kumalo otseguka kuti mutha kusintha mofulumira kwa chilengedwe.
Flower mallow - kubzala masiku
Kubzala maluwa amatha kuchitika nthawi zonse masika ndi autumn. Pofesa mbeu kumapeto kwa February ndi kumayambiriro kwa March, mutabzala mu May-June mu nthaka, kumapeto kwa July mudzalandira maluwa a mallow. Kudyetsa nkhuku m'chaka, nkofunikira kusunga malamulo awa:
- sankhani nthawi kumapeto kwa mwezi wa May, mutatha kuchepetsa kuthekera kwa chisanu usiku;
- Ngati chodzala chikachitidwa ndi mbeu, ziwongoleni mu nthaka 2-3 cm;
- kubzala maluwa mbande, kuchoka pakati pa zomera mtunda wa masentimita 8-10.
Ambiri wamaluwa, posankha nthawi yobzala mallow, pokhala adzidziwitsa okha ndi malamulo ndi zofunikira za kulima, amakonda kugula m'dzinja. Pankhaniyi, zinthu izi ziyenera kukumana:
- Nthawi yabwino yofesa yopuma ndi mwezi wa September;
- Maenje ayenera kupangidwa kwa masentimita atatu;
- Fukani ndi peat;
- Kwa nyengo yozizira, mbewu zimaphimba ndi udzu kapena masamba ogwa;
- Kumayambiriro kutuluka mphukira mu chaputala chivundikiro, kupulumutsa ku chisanu.
Malva - kukula
Oyamba oyambira florist, kuphunzira momwe angakulire mallow, amasangalala kukhala ndi modzichepetsa, maluwa okongoletsa pa chiwembu chawo. Zomwe zifunikira zofunika kuti mallow akule ndi ochepa, ndipo ndi osavuta:
- nthaka yobzala kusankha osayera (loam), okonzedwa bwino;
- Malo oti kuswana ayenera kukhala dzuwa, chomeracho chimapirira mosavuta chilala, koma samafuna chinyezi chokwanira;
- kuthirira amafunika moyenera, koma nthawi zonse;
- Chaka chilichonse amapanga chakudya, zamoyo zabwino kwambiri ndi humus ndi kompositi (2-3 makilogalamu pa 1 mita imodzi).
Flower mallow - chisamaliro
Kusamalira mallow kuthengo kumakhalanso kosavuta. Chomera chikukula bwino pamalo otentha, koma zimapangitsa mosavuta kulemba penumbra. Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa nthaka moyenera, yomwe nthawi zina imakhala ndi feteleza yomwe ili ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Popeza maluwa a mallow amakula kwambiri, amawasunga kuchoka pamphepo, amangiriza zimayambira ku nsonga zapamwamba. Onetsetsani kuti dziko lapansi limanyowa (madzi ayenera kukhala 1-2 pa sabata, malingana ndi nyengo) ndipo panalibe kuchepa kwa madzi owonjezera.
Flower mallow - kubereka
Pakati pa akatswiri a wamaluwa pali malingaliro akuti maluwa a mallow amafalitsidwa bwino ndi mbande mmalo mwa mbewu ndipo m'malo mwawo amakhala ouma ndi oumitsa tchire, motero mizu yawo idzakhala yamphamvu komanso yochulukirapo. Mitundu ina ya mallow, makamaka mitundu yake iwiri kapena yosakanizidwa, yosankhidwa mwa kuswana, imafalitsidwa ndi cuttings, mwa kupatukana, kusunga mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana, chifukwa mbewu zawo sizimakhala ndi makhalidwe amtundu uliwonse. Mwa kugawa kwambiri cuttings ayenera kuchita m'chaka, m'chilimwe, cuttings akhoza kudula ku tsinde.
Matenda a mallow
Kuyala bwino ndi kusamalira mallow kungalepheretse kuchitika kwa matenda maluwa. Nthawi zambiri zomerazi zimakhala ndi matenda okhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, choncho malo osankhidwa bwino odzala, omwe sangakhale owonjezereka pambuyo pa mvula - adzakhala chitsimikizo cha kukula kwa zitsamba zathanzi. Matenda omwe amapezeka maluwawa ndi awa:
- dzimbiri la masamba;
- malonda ndi powdery mildew ;
- tsitsa khansa;
- kachilombo ka zithunzi.
Pambuyo pozindikira zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa, chotsani madera omwe akukhudzidwa (makamaka masamba), tithandizeni zomera ndi "Mycosan-B", "Phyto-Doctor", "Trichodermin" kapena maumboni ena. Koma njira yofunikira kwambiri pakulimbana ndi matenda ndiyo kuthetsa chifukwa choyambirira, mwinamwake kulimbana ndi matenda sikudzabweretsa bwino.