Manyowa a nayitrogeni - mtengo wa zomera, momwe ungagwiritsire ntchito bwino m'munda?

Pakagwiritsidwe ntchito bwino, feteleza feteleza ndi opindulitsa kwambiri, kulola kupeza zokolola zabwino ngakhale ku dothi losauka. Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti ngati mlingo woyenera wa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinthu izi zimakhudza chitukuko cha zomera, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi kuipitsa chilengedwe.

Mavitamini a feteleza - kufunika kwake ndi kugwiritsa ntchito

Funso la zomwe feteleza za feteleza ndizofunikira, ndikofunikira kulingalira oyamba alimi ndi alimi a masamba omwe akufuna kukolola bwino m'madera awo kuyambira nyengo kufikira nyengo. Zomera zomwe zimalimidwa mchenga ndi mchenga loam dothi zimavutika kwambiri chifukwa cha kusowa kwa izi, zabwino kwambiri zimachitika pa chuma chernozems. Ngati minda yanu ikukula bwino komanso yachitsamba, masambawo sali ozama, amajambulapo makamaka ndi mtundu wobiriwira, ndiye kuti mukufunika kukonza nthawi yomweyo poika nayitrogeni feteleza.

Nchiyani chimakhudza nitrogen feteleza?

Mu ulimi, kuonjezera chonde, nthaka yamadzi ndi amchere amadzimadzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito, momwe chinthuchi chimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Masewerowa amachitiranso maiko onse pamodzi ndi mankhwala omwe amapanga feteleza. Mavitamini a feteleza akuphatikizapo mndandanda waukulu wa mankhwala, ogawidwa m'magulu angapo.

Waukulu nayitrogeni feteleza ndipamwamba pa nayitrogeni wokhutira:

1. Ammonium sulfate - ammonium sulfate (nayitrogeni mpaka 21%), ammonium chloride (mpaka 25%), madzi ammonia (mpaka 20.5%), anhydrous ammonia (mpaka 82.3%), ammophos (mpaka 12%), ammonium sulphide mpaka 10%).
2. Nitrate - calcium nitrate (mpaka 15.5%), potaziyamu nitrate (mpaka 13%), sodium nitrate (mpaka 16,4%).
3. Ammonium nitrate - ammonium sulfonitrate (mpaka 26.5%), ammonium nitrate (mpaka 35%), calc-ammonium nitrate (mpaka 20.5%).
4. Manyowa amide - carbamide (mpaka 46.2%), calcium cyanamide (mpaka 21%), urea-formaldehyde (mpaka 42%), methylene-urea (mpaka 42%).

Mavitamini a feteleza

Njira ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito zinthu zothandiza, zotsatira za feteleza za nayitrogeni pa zomera zimadalira kwambiri mawonekedwe omwe chinthu chachikulu chikupezeka. Mwachitsanzo, mtundu wa amide umakonzedwa bwino ndi tsamba la masamba ndipo uli woyenera kupanga feteleza, ndipo mawonekedwe a ammonium ayenera kugwirizana ndi mabakiteriya kuti athe kupezeka ku mizu. Manyowa a nayitrogeni mu nitrate amawonekera mwachindunji ndi zomera, maluwa ndi mitengo.

Nthawi yogwiritsa ntchito nitrogen feteleza?

Njira yodziwika kale, pamene nayitrogeni feteleza inapangidwa pa chivundikiro cha chipale chofewa, tsopano ikuonongeka. Pachifukwa ichi, nthawi zambiri zowonjezera zowonjezera zimatsukidwa kumadera otsika panthawi ya chisanu, kuphatikizapo pali ngozi yogawanika gawo lopanda ntchito paderalo. Kusankha nthawi ndi njira ya feteleza, muyenera kulingalira za kutentha kwa chilengedwe ndi mtundu wa feteleza wa nayitrogeni, dera la nyengo ndi zolemba za nthaka.

Pamene amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza feteleza kumapeto kwa autumn:

1. Ammonium klorini - cholinga cha kutsuka kunja klorini ndi kusungunula madzi.
2. Carbamide - ikhoza kumathandiza kwambiri mchenga ndi mchenga wa loam dothi lofunda ndi louma.

Spring ndi chilimwe feteleza ndi nayitrogeni feteleza:

1. Mitundu yowuma ya feteleza imasindikizidwa ikabzalidwa m'mabowo, kufalitsa katunduyo pamtunda ndi dzanja mosagwiritsa ntchito mvula yokha.
2. Kudzaza feteleza pansi ndi makoswe, mapepala, kubwezeretsa mizu kudyetsa minda yosatha.
3. Gwiritsani ntchito njira yamadzimadzi yothirira madzi m'nyengo ya chilimwe.
4. Zovala zapamwamba za Foliar zobiriwira (urea ndi zabwino).

Kodi feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndi wabwino?

Oyamba kumene kawirikawiri amapanga kuvala pamwamba, popanda kulingalira za mankhwala omwe amapangidwa. Zotsatira zake, ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kuyesetsa sikubweretsa zotsatira, zomera sizimalandira chakudya choyenera. Pofuna feteleza wabwino kwambiri wa nayitrogeni, muyenera kusankha cholinga chake, nthawi ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, muyenera kuganizira zokonzekera zambiri zokonzekera:

1. Carbamide ndi yabwino kwa ntchito ya foliar, sichimawotcha masamba, imayenera kufesa feteleza, ngakhale kuti nthawi yowonongeka idzakhala yaitali kuposa ya saltpetre.
2. Saltpeter - sungagwiritsidwe ntchito m'dzinja chifukwa chotsuka ndi madzi, koma amayenera kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu-chirimwe ndi kuvala pamwamba komanso nthawi yofesa.
3. Mavitamini a nayitrogeni amadzimadzi - amatenga mwamsanga, otsika mtengo kugula, amakhala ndi moyo wautali ndipo amafalitsidwa mosavuta pa tsamba lonselo. Chosavuta cha feteleza chotere ndi vuto poyendetsa ndi kusunga, zipangizo zapadera zimayenera kugwira ntchito.

Mavitamini a feteleza m'munda

Zolinga zapakhomo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokonzekera mchere. Mitengo yonse ya nitrojeni ya zomera ingagawidwe m'magulu angapo:

1. Okonzeka nitric feteleza - saltpetre, urea, ammonium sulphate, madzi ammonia ndi ena.
2. Manyowa ovuta okhala ndi nayitrogeni ambiri - ammophos, nitroammophoska, diammophos, nitrophos ndi ena.
3. Manyowa a feteleza - peat, kompositi , mwatsopano malita, osakaniza, silt ndi ena.

Mavitamini a feteleza kwa zomera zamkati

Ndikofunika kugula feteleza wa nayitrogeni kwa zomera zamkati za mtundu wovuta, kumene, kuphatikizapo zinthu zofunika, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, potassium ndi phosphorous alipo. M'nyumba ndizosavuta kugwiritsira ntchito kukonzekera mwapadera kwa maluwa, amaperekedwa phukusi laling'ono ndi mapepala, mapiritsi, zophimba. Madzi amadzi ali m'mitsuko yosiyanasiyana. Kukonzekera kwa nayitrogeni feteleza, 1 g ya ammonium nitrate, urea kapena ammonium sulphate akhoza kuchepetsedwa mu madzi okwanira 1 lita imodzi.

Mankhwala a nitrojeni zachilengedwe

Kawirikawiri amalimoto amayesera kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zamchere zowonongeka kwa zomera ndikuyang'ana kufotokoza kwakukulu kwa feteleza. Pali mndandanda waukulu wa zinthu zomwe zilipo zomwe zili ndi zinthu zakuthandizira kukula kwa zomera zokongola ndi zamaluwa:

1. Kompositi ya mafakitale ndi zapakhomo - zomwe zimakhalapo pazinthu zazikulu za NPK nthawi zambiri zimakhala pakati pa 2: 1: 1, nayitrogeni - mpaka 0,7%.
2. Manyowa - zomwe zili ndi nayitrogeni ndi zinthu zina zimadalira chiyambi. Mwachitsanzo, mu ndowe za mbalame, NPK ndi 3: 1: 1, ndipo mu manyowa kuchokera ku ng'ombe ndi 1: 0.5: 0.5.
3. Ciderates - udzu wokhala pabedi uli ndi mtengo wapamwamba, nthawi zambiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuposa manyowa.
4. Kuwonongeka kwa nyumba - ndi nayitrogeni wokhudzana ndi 1.5%.
5. M'nyanja yamchere ya nitrogen mpaka 2.5%.
6. Peat - mpaka 3.5%.

Manyowa a azitrogeni ali ndi manja awo

Ngakhale m'mabanja omwe mulibe ng'ombe kapena nkhuku, mumatha kukonzekera bwino feteleza feteleza kunyumba pakhomo. Pofuna kuyambitsa ndondomekoyi, ndibwino kuwonjezera zinthu ku mabokosi apadera kapena maenje. Zomwe feteleza zimapanga n'zosavuta:

1. Timakonza chidebe kapena dzenje la kukula koyenera.
2. Pansi pamakhala nthambi zosanjikiza za madzi.
3. Kompositi yowonjezera imayikidwa ndi makulidwe a 1.5 mamita.
4. Kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha mabakiteriya, mukhoza kuwonjezera dziko lapansi kapena humus.
5. Nitrojeni yochuluka imapezeka mukamagwiritsa ntchito zakudya zopangira ufa, pamene zowononga zipatso, chakudya chowonongeka kapena masamba.
6. Pambuyo masiku asanu ndi awiri pali kutentha kwa mkati mwa muluwu, ndi nthawi yomwe mpweya wa mkati umachepa. Zimayenera kusunthira kasanu ndi kamodzi kompositi kuti imalimbitse ndondomekoyi.
7. Kupititsa patsogolo kucha, kukonzekera " Baikal ", "Kuwala", yisiti (1 supuni ya yisiti ndi 200 g shuga pa madzi okwanira 1 litre) imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
8. Kompositi yotsirizidwa ili ndi mtundu wofiirira komanso wosasunthika.

Kodi mungasinthe bwanji feteleza feteleza kunyumba?

Kulowetsedwa kwa nettle ndi namsongole ndi zabwino. Ngati mumasunga nkhuku mnyumba, ndiye kuti funso la momwe mungasinthire feteleza feteleza, limathetsedwa mosavuta. Mtengo wamtengo wapatali umatengedwa ngati kuyamwa kwa nkhuku ndi nkhunda, kutayika kwa abakha ndi atseti muli ndi zinthu zochepa. Kuti mutenge kulowetsedwa kwa michere, choyamba muwatsanulire ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1, ndipo patapita sabata mankhwalawa amachepetsedwa 1: 10 musanagwiritse ntchito. Pogwiritsira ntchito manyowa owuma muyenera kuyala feteleza mu ndalama zosapitirira 0,2 kg / m ^{2 pa} kama.

Mavitamini a feteleza - amavulaza anthu?

Ammonia ndi nitrates muzinthu zopanda nzeru zimakhala poizoni, poyambitsa chilengedwe, poyipitsa madzi. Kuipa kwa feteleza feteleza kumamveka m'madera ambiri, pali imfa yayikulu ya zamoyo zam'madzi, pali madera onse akufa pafupi ndi nyanja ya makontinenti. Kugwira ntchito ndi nitrogenous substances ndi ntchito yowopsya ndipo imadzazidwa ndi kusasamala kwambiri poizoni, zomwe zimafuna nthawi yomweyo kuchipatala.

Zizindikiro za poizoni wa nayitrogeni:

• Kuwopa mantha ndi mantha;
• kumanjenjemera mu minofu;
• kuswa kwa nyimbo yopuma;
• kufooka kwakukulu;
• manja ndi milomo yabuluu;
• kukonza;
• mtima;
• kutentha kwakukulu;
• kuwonjezereka kwakukulu;
• chifuwa chofewa;
• kutaya chidziwitso.