Kutha ndi kasupe - nthawi imene thupi laumunthu limakhala lachidziwitso ku matenda, nthawi ya chimfine, momwe chizoloŵezi chafupipafupi chimakhala chifuwa. Masiku ano, makampani opanga mankhwala amapereka chifuwa chokwanira chowonjezera chowonjezera ndi mapiritsi. Ndi kusankha kwakukulu kotere, kufunsa funso lachilengedwe: ndi mankhwala ati omwe angasankhe?
Mitundu ya chifuwa kwa akuluakulu - zimayambitsa ndi mankhwala
Chilengedwe mwachilengedwe chinakonza thupi laumunthu, kupereka thupi ndi njira zoteteza ndi ziwalo zomwe zimachotsa dothi lonse, mabakiteriya, mavairasi ndi poizoni. Imodzi mwa njirazi zotetezera ndi chifuwa - ntchito yozizwitsa ya thupi, yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuchotsa ntchentche yomwe imapangidwa chifukwa cha kutupa kapena kulowa mukutentha kwa chinthu china.
Nchifukwa chiyani chifuwa chimayambira?
Mchitidwe wa ziwalo za kupuma munthu umakhala wolimba kwambiri wa citheated epithelium, umene uli ndi chitetezo chotsutsana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Polimbana ndi kufooka kwa chitetezo cha mthupi, kulephera kumachitika m'thupi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timalowa mumtambo, timatsika m'munsi mwa njira zowonongeka, ndipo ngati simugwira matenda opatsirana ndi chifuwa - zotupa zimatha kufika pamapapo.
Reflex yovuta imapezeka mu medulla oblongata. Zimayambitsa chifuwa:
- chitetezo (woteteza);
- Ntchito yoyeretsa - kutulutsidwa kwa mtengo wa bronchial kumatope, ntchentche, pus, fumbi, chakudya cha particles.
Njira ya chitukuko cha chifuwa:
- Kupuma kwakukulu kwamuyaya masekondi 2-3 kumaphatikizidwa ndi kukwiya kovuta kwa mapeto a mitsempha ya mitsempha, pamene kutseka kwa mawu kumatsekedwa.
- Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, minofu yopweteka imakhudzidwa, ndipo mawu ake akuwonjezeka.
- Minofu ya m'mimba imayamba kugwirizana kwambiri kuti ikhale yogonjetsa glottis yotseka.
- Chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwakukulu kwa makina, mawu amodzi amatseguka ndi kutuluka mwadzidzidzi kupatukana ndi mimba.
Mitundu ya chifuwa
Chidziwitso cha chifuwa chimayimilidwa ndi magulu awiri:
- chifuwa chouma ;
- chifuwa chakuda .
Chifuwa (chosabereka) chifuwa chimadziwika ndi kusowa kwa kupatukana kwa mimba, kugawanika kukhala mitundu:
- kuwomba;
- paroxysmal;
- yaitali, otha msinkhu, ndi chizoloŵezi chochitika mmawa.
Zifukwa za chifuwa chouma:
- chizindikiro cha chiyambi cha ARVI , nthenda ndi matenda ena opuma;
- zizoloŵezi zoipa (kusuta);
- zovuta za matenda opatsirana.
Chifuwa chokwanira (chopindulitsa) chimaphatikizidwa ndi kupatukana kwa mfuti:
- paroxysmal, ndi kutha kwa zizindikiro pambuyo pokopa;
- zowonongeka, ndi zovuta zowonongeka "vitreous" sputum.
Zifukwa za chifuwa chakuda chifuwa:
- matenda;
- mphutsi yamoto;
- cystic fibrosis;
- chibayo;
- sinusitis;
- kupweteka kwachitsulo;
- chifuwa chachikulu.
Mapulogalamu Okhwima Ogwira Ntchito
Pofuna kuchiza chifuwa chinali chothandiza, muyenera kukaonana ndi wodwala kapena katswiri wa ENT. Kudziwa nokha pano sikoyenera, chifukwa chifuwa chirichonse si matenda, koma chizindikiro, ndikudzipangira yekha mankhwala, mukhoza kudumpha nthawi yamtengo wapatali, ndipo matenda omwewo akhoza kukhala odabwitsa. Mapiritsi a Antitussive amagawidwa mu:
- mapiritsi a chifuwa chouma;
- mapiritsi a chifuwa choda.
Mapiritsi a chifuwa chouma
Chifuwa chouma chimakhudza kwambiri, sichimabweretsa mpumulo. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka usiku ndi m'mawa. Chilakolako sichingabweretse, kotero palibe ntchito. Chokoma, kuyabwa kumayesa kulepetsa wodwalayo. Panthawi imeneyi, nkofunika kunyamula mapiritsi, omwe amachititsa kuti chifuwacho chikhale chokhumudwitsa.
Mapiritsi okhala ndi chifuwa chouma:
- mankhwala okhudzana ndi codein (mankhwala osokoneza bongo), chida chapakati (kutsogolo kwa chifuwa cha medulla oblongata);
- mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Mankhwala amtundu wa Codeine amatanthauza mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri chifukwa cha zotsatira za mankhwala osokoneza bongo, amatulutsidwa pa mankhwala. Mapiritsi okhala ndi Codeine:
- Tchalitchi;
- Kodelak;
- Codterpine;
- Tede;
- Caffetin;
- Nurofen limodzi.
Antitussive ogwira ntchito zapachiŵeni amaimiridwa pamsika wa mankhwala ochulukirapo. Kusankha kwa mankhwala ndibwino kwambiri kwa dokotala. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo:
- Libexin - mapiritsi otsika mtengo koma ogwira mtima kutsutsana ndi chifuwa;
- Ambroghexal - chithandizo chimabwera tsiku loyamba kapena lachiwiri;
- Bithidion - mapiritsi abwino otsutsana ndi chifuwa, zotsatira zake sizing'ono;
- Omnitus - amachiritsa kwambiri chifuwa cha chifuwa;
- Glaucin - yotsutsa bwino mkati mwa theka la ora mutatha ulamuliro;
- Falimint - mankhwalawa ali ndi mphamvu yosangalatsa pa bronchi;
- Tusuprex - osati oledzera.
Matabwa a chifuwa choda
Kutanthauza kuti kutsokomola kwachinyezi kumatsutsana ndi kuvomereza kwa panthaŵi imodzimodzi olemba codeine ndi antitussive. Mapepala a chifuwa cha mvula amayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito, pamene chifuwa chimabala. Mankhwala a chifuwa cha mvula (expectorant):
- Mukaltin - mapiritsi ali ndi mizu ya althea, yomwe imakhala ndi katundu;
- Ambroxol ndi mankhwala osakwera mtengo wa chifuwa chamadzi;
- Bromhexine - wothandizira ogwira ntchito bwino ndi matenda opweteka;
- GeloMirtol mphamvu - imatulutsa ntchentche yoyipa ndikuchotsa ku bronchi;
- Ascoril - amasonyeza phlegm, amachepetsa ululu m'chifuwa.
Kuphatikizidwa kukonzekera chifuwa
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Antitussive ali ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza:
- kuchotsa chifuwa cha reflex;
- kupweteka kwa sputum;
- kukondweretsa expectoration;
- mpumulo wa kutupa;
- antibacterial ndi antiviral zotsatira.
Mapiritsi a chifuwa ndi ntchito yogwirizana:
- Stoptussin - amasiya reflex chifuwa ndipo ali ndi chuma chokwanira;
- Mapiritsi a ATSTS aatali - omwe amakhala ndi chifuwa - amakhala ndi zotsatira zowonongeka, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokopa ndi sputum ya viscous;
- Mapiritsi ochokera ku chifuwa ndi thermopsis - zotsika mtengo komanso mankhwala achilengedwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, zimakhala zopindulitsa, ndipo zimakhala zofewa (zimapangitsa kuti phokoso limatha);
- Kodelak Broncho - antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and expectorant zotsatira;
- Vix Active - amanyengerera ndi kusonyeza chinsinsi chakuda.
Mapiritsi okhwima pa nthawi ya mimba
Pakati pa mimba, mayi akhoza kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira ndipo amakhala osatetezeka ku chimfine cha nyengo. Kudwala pakakhala pa mimba ndikofunikira, koma bwanji kuti musavulaze mwana wamtsogolo. Dokotala ayenera kusankha mapiritsi ndi zotsatira zochepa. Mndandanda wa mapiritsi a chifuwa chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito panthawi ya mimba:
- Dr. Thais;
- Chithunzi;
- Bronchicum;
- Mukaltin;
- Bromhexine (II - III trimester).
Momwe mungatengere mapiritsi kwa chifuwa?
Mlingo ndi nthawi ya kusankhidwa muyenera kusankha dokotala. Malamulo apadera ogwiritsiridwa ntchito akuwonetsedwa muzolowera mankhwala. Mapiritsi kuchokera ku chifuwa amatha musanayambe kapena mutatha kudya, 3 - 4 pa tsiku, otsukidwa ndi madzi oyera. Ndalama zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi patsiku. Njira ya mankhwala ndi masiku 5 - 7. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kudzipiritsa sikuli bwino kwa moyo.