Dziko lathu likusintha, sayansi ndi zamakono sizinayimirebe, ndipo masiku ano funso la momwe mungasankhire kamera sichidetsa nkhaŵa osati ojambula okha, komanso makolo achichepere, ophunzira, oyendera alendo ngakhale ana a sukulu. Kodi makamera ndi ati, ndi osiyana bwanji, ndi chiyani choti asankhe pazinthu zina - ndikofunikira kudziwa.
Mitundu ya makamera
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makamera amakono idzasokoneza aliyense, makamaka woyambira, ndipo pakati pa zochuluka chotero ndi zovuta kwambiri kuti asankhe zomwe zikufunikira. Pofuna kuti mukhale osavuta kudziwa momwe mungasankhire kamera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, tiwonekerani mwatsatanetsatane pamitundu yayikulu ya makamera ndi kusiyana kwawo.
Sakani mbale ya sopo
Zakudya za sopo zimatchedwa makhamera ophatikizira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Bokosi la sopo labwino lingakhale kamera ya banja ndipo imatenga nthawi yovuta kwambiri ya moyo, ikhoza kukhala mnzanu woyendayenda, kukulolani kuti muzisunga zojambula mu mafelemu, ndipo mukugwiritsanso ntchito pazinthu za ntchito, pamene kujambula kopambana sikulibe kanthu.
Makhalidwe akulu a mbale ya sopo ya kamera:
- lens;
- kumangidwira mkati;
- Kukhazikika kwa masanjidwe kufika ku ISO 1000;
- Kujambula kokongola mpaka kukula kwa 5x;
- njira zingapo zazikulu, njira imodzi kapena iwiri yopangira zosavuta;
- Kusunga zithunzi mujonekedwe la JPEG;
- kujambula kanema;
- kulemera kwake.
Pofuna kusankha kamera yabwino, ndi bwino kumvetsera makampani omwe amabweretsa mndandanda wa sopo monga:
- Kondomu;
- Nikon Coolpix;
- Chithunzi;
- Samsung.
Makamera ultrazoom
Ambiri amanena molakwika kuti ultrasomes ndi SLR makamera a kalasi yoyambirira, koma izi siziri choncho. Akufunsa momwe mungasankhire kamera yadijito, iwo amene amajambula zithunzi kutali amayima pa ultrasounds. Mbali yaikulu ya makamerawa ndizithunzi zozama kwambiri, kuyambira pa 12 pa zovuta zatsopano zakale mpaka 60 panthawi yamakono.
Kuphatikiza pa chinthu chachikulu, zojambula zowoneka, zotsatirazi zotsatira zingathe kukhala ndi ubwino wofunikira wa ultramums:
- ergonomic ndi yabwino kupanga;
- Kumvetsetsa kwakukulu kwa masitepe (zitsanzo zina zimatha kuwombera mumdima wonse popanda kugwiritsa ntchito chiwongoladzanja);
- ubwino ndi kukula kwa zithunzi ndizoposa kwambiri mu bokosi la sopo;
- makamera ena amatha kuwombera mu mawonekedwe a RAW, omwe amatsegula mwayi watsopano wosintha zithunzi.
Imodzi mwa zovuta zofunikira za ultrasound ndivotolo lalikulu la kamera, zomwe zingabweretse mavuto, ndipo akadalibe malo osungira, omwe ali ochepa kwambiri. Makamera ultrazuma ndi okongola kwambiri chifukwa chowombera nyama zakutchire, zamakono, zamagalimoto kuchokera ku mtunda wautali.
Digital SLR makamera
Ngati kampani ya SLR isanayambe kukhala yapamwamba, ndipo akatswiri okhawo omwe ali ndi zithunzi zakhala ndi iwo, lero ali ndi azinthu ambiri - ndi apaulendo, ndi makolo achichepere, ndipo amangokonda zosangalatsa. "SLRs" zamakono zili ndi mafanizo osiyanasiyana pa zopempha ndi ngongole iliyonse. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimadziwika ndi njirayi ndi kayendedwe ka magalasi, chifukwa chake timawona chithunzi mu kanema wa kanema. Makamera a mirror amasangalala ndi khalidwe la zithunzi, lakuthwa, kukhutira kwa mitundu. Ndipo iwo ali okonzeka kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukhala ndi zochuluka zamakonzedwe.
Momwe mungasankhire kamera ya SLR si funso losavuta, popeza makamerawa adagawidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana, kuyambira amateur mpaka akatswiri, zimadalira cholinga chomwe chidzagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kamera yabwino pagalasi imapangidwa ndi Canon, Nikon, Sony, Pentax.
Makina opanda makina
Izi ndi makamera a mbadwo watsopano, omwe anatha kupambana mafani onse pakati pa amateurs ndi pakati pa akatswiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito kujambula, sali otsika kwa apamwamba omwe akufotokozedwa SLR makamera ndipo ali ndi phindu limodzi lofunika - alibe galasi lalikulu, fano la wopezayo timalowa mawonekedwe a digito, chifukwa cholemera ndi kutalika kwa kamera ndizochepa. Kamera yotere ndi yosavuta kutenga nanu komanso paulendo, ndi kuyenda. Makamera opanga magalasi abwino ndi Canon, Nikon, Sony, Fujifilm.
Kamera yamafilimu
Poganizira za momwe mungasankhire kamera, ambiri samalingalira ngati njira yamakanera ya filimuyi, poyang'ana izi m'zaka zapitazi. Koma izi sizowona - filimuyo ikufunikanso kwambiri pakati pa odziwa maluso abwino ojambula zithunzi. Zithunzi zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kamera ndizosiyana, sizikhoza kubwerezedwa. Makamera amakono amakono ali osiyana kwambiri ndi mtundu wa mtundu, nthawi zambiri moyerekeza kuposa makamera a digito, ndi mithunzi yapadera.
Munthu sangathe kuiwala zovuta zowonetsa makamera a filimu: kugula filimu, kusowa kusintha makonzedwe, ndi kulenga zochitika zapadera zothandizira mafilimu ndi kusindikiza zithunzi, ngakhale panthawi yathu yopangidwa ndi zithunzi zapadera. Kuti afotokozere mwachidule, wina akhoza kunena kuti makamera amenewa ndi omwe amachititsa chidwi - kwa wina, zomwe zimakhala zofunika kwambiri, komanso kwa wina yemwe ali zovuta kwambiri.
Kamera yomwe imasindikizidwa pang'onopang'ono
Kamera yotereyi ndi mulungu weniweni wa ojambula a pamsewu komanso zithunzi zojambula pamapepala. Kodi kamera yam'kamaso kamodzi ndi iti, ndipo ikugwira ntchito bwanji? Kamera imayika cartridge yapadera (kaseti), yomwe ili ndi mapepala 8-10 a pepala. Pepalali liri ndi zigawo zingapo - zojambulajambula, zopanga ndi kuteteza. Chifukwa cha pepala lapadera, kuwala sikugwera pamatayi, monga momwe makamera amavomerezera, koma nthawi yomweyo, ndipo mkati mwa masekondi pang'ono timapeza chithunzi chosindikizidwa.
N'kofunikanso kuzindikira zolephera zazikulu za makamera osindikizira nthawi yomweyo. Choyamba, ndizo mtengo wapatali wogwiritsira ntchito. Makasitomala apangidwa kwa zithunzi 8-10, malinga ndi chitsanzo, choncho muyenera kuzigula nthawi zonse. Ngati mulibe kamera yatsopano, makaseti angakhale ovuta kwambiri kupeza. Chojambula china chofunika kwambiri ndi khalidwe la zithunzi, ngakhale makamera osindikizira mofulumira kwambiri kuti apangidwe ndi zithunzi akhoza kufaniziridwa ndi bokosi la sopo.
Makina oyambirira osindikiza chithunzi anali opangidwa ndi Polaroid, yomwe imapanga makamera amakono ndi cholinga chokhazikika ndi kudalirika. Kwa ambiri, mawu omwewo Polaroid ali ofanana ndi kamera yosindikizira. Njira ina yotereyi inayamba kukhazikitsa Fujifilm, yochepa muyeso ndi yodalilika, koma akugwiritsira ntchito zitsanzo zamakono zamakono.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji kamera yabwino?
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji kamera ndikusangalala ndi kugula kwanu? Choyamba, tiyenera kudziwa momwe kamera idzagwiritsidwire ntchito - nthawi zingati, pansi pa zifukwa ziti. Kumbukirani kuti nthawi zonse sizingatheke kugula mtengo wokwera mtengo - osakhala wojambula zithunzi, simungathe kuyamikira ubwino wa mega-speed SLR makamera. Gawo lofunika kwambiri musanayambe kusankha kamera yoyenera ndikusankha mtundu wa zida zomwe mumafunikira.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji kamera kwa banja?
Kutenga nthawi zowala za moyo wa banja, pali chakudya chokwanira cha sopo chamakono - sichifuna luso lapadera ndi kudziwa mawu. Mukufunikira kusankha njira yomwe mukufuna ("Portrait", "Landscape", ndi zina zotero), ndipo kamera yokha idzasinthidwa. Koma zithunzi zapamwamba kwambiri siziyenera kuyembekezeka ku bokosi la sopo - sopo ndi lophweka, ndipo sangakudabwe ndi zithunzi zapadera.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa mtundu wa kamera wogula kuti banja likhale ndi zithunzi zosaiŵalika, yankho lake ndi losavomerezeka - liyenera kukhala galasi kapena kamera yosakaniza. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito njirayi, simukusowa kukhala katswiri kapena kujambula kwambiri kujambula, njira zomwezo zowonjezera zimatha, koma mtengo wa makamerawa ndi apamwamba kwambiri.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji kamera yabwino kwa amateur?
Simungadziwe nokha kuti ndiwe wojambula zithunzi, ndipo simudziwa ngakhale pang'ono kuti mukuchita izi, koma mukusangalala ndi kujambula zithunzi? Pankhaniyi, mukudabwa momwe mungasankhire kamera, muyenera kumvetsera makamera apamwamba a SLR. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane mtundu wanji wa makamera ndi gulu la amateur, ndipo ndi mitundu yanji yomwe muyenera kupatsidwa.
- Nikon D5300 Kit. Ubwino wa kamera - mofulumira autofocus ndi matrix ndi phokoso lochepa; Zosakaniza - zimafunika kukonzedwa nthawi zonse kuchokera ku fumbi, autofocus sizimagwira ntchito molondola, mu kanema kujambula, phokoso lambiri.
- Canon EOS 100D Kit. Zowonjezera - kukula kwakukulu ndi kulemera, kosavuta kuzindikira, kutengeka kwakukulu kwa chiwerengero. Zoipazo zimachedwa autofocus ndi phokoso lambiri.
- Chida cha Nikon D3300. Chinthu chachikulu cha kamera ndi prostate pophunzira, makina abwino komanso batri. Zowonongeka - zochepa zojambula zowonongeka.
- Canon EOS 1300D Kit. Zowonjezera - zosavuta zosavuta, zokwanira zamakono zamakono ndi mtengo wotsika mtengo, zofooka zingatchedwe chiwerengero chazing'ono ndi zovuta pazithunzi za kanema.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji kamera kwa wojambula zithunzi?
Ngati muli watsopano ku gawo la chithunzi, musayambe ndi teknoloji yapamwamba - mwinamwake, simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zonse. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kumvetsera kamera ya SLR kwa oyamba kumene, ndipo musanayankhe, yang'anirani kuwerengera kwa makamera omwe akugwira ntchito:
- Canon EOS 6D. Ichi ndi chokhacho chojambula kamera, osati ku kalasi ya zopindulitsa. Kamera yowonongeka kwambiri yokhala ndi mawonekedwe okwanira. Zochita - kuika maganizo, kutulutsa mtundu wapamwamba, phokoso lochepa kwambiri.
- Nikon D610. Ubwino waukulu ndiwo mawonekedwe enieni, bateri wamakono, masewera amamakono ndi mavidiyo mu mtundu wa FullHD.
- Sony Alpha ILCA-77M2. Pulogalamu yamakono, autofocus yofulumira, kubereka kolondola kolondola ndi phokoso lakuchepa - kufotokoza mwachidule kwa kamera.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji kamera katswiri?
Kamera ya katswiri ndi njira yotsiriza yapamwamba ndi kukula kwakukulu ndi matrix apamwamba kwambiri, purosesa yamakono yamakono, liwiro. Kawirikawiri, makamerawa ndi aakulu ndipo ali ndi kulemetsa kwakukulu, monga kamera ndi kamera kamera, sangathe kukhala abwino, koma akatswiri adzawayamikira. Akamera amakono amakono tidzakhala nawo muyeso, zomwe zidzakuthandizani kusankha chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu.
- Canon EOS 5D Mark IV;
- Canon EOS 5DSR;
- Pentax K-1;
- Canon EOS 5D Mark III.
Ndikamera iti yomwe mungasankhe kuti muyende?
Kamera ya apaulendoyo iyenera kukhala ndi makhalidwe ofunikira monga:
- kuunika ndi kugwirizana;
- zithunzi zapamwamba;
- betri yabwino - osati nthawi zonse momwe kuli kotheka kubweza.
Ngati mutha kuchoka pamtunduwu ndi batri yoyamba ndi galimoto yokhazikika kapena mabatire, ndiye kuti funso la momwe mungasankhire kamera kamakono ndi yovuta kwambiri. Sitiyenera kukhala bokosi la sopo - silidzaonetsa kukongola kwa chilengedwe kapena mizinda yomwe ili pazithunzi. Ndikoyenera kusankha nokha pa makamera opanda magalasi kapena "magalasi" ochepa a kalasi ya amateur.
Makamera opanda magalasi abwino omwe amayenera kuyenda ndi awa:
- Nikon 1 J5;
- Sony A6000;
- Sony A7 II;
- Fujifilm X-M1;
- Panasonic G7;
- Olympus OM-D E-M10.