Pafunso la momwe mungamvekere tomato, pali zovuta zambiri - kukonzekera nthaka yabwino, kufunafuna mphamvu yabwino, kuthetsa nthawi ya ntchitoyi, kutsata kutentha ndi chinyezi. Kusanyalanyaza kachitidwe kaŵirikaŵiri kumabweretsa imfa ya mbande zamtengo wapatali.
Kodi ndikumveka bwino bwanji kuti mutsegulire tomato?
Chifukwa cha mavuto osungira malo ndi madzi, sikungatheke kufesa chikhalidwe cha m'munda mwachindunji mu chidebe ndi mphamvu ya 500 ml. Poyamba, mphukira zazing'ono zimakula bwino m'zakapu ting'onoting'ono kapena zowonjezera. Pamene malo akukula mu chidebe chaching'ono amachepetsedwa, mizu imachotsedwa, mpikisano wa chinyezi, zinthu zowala ndi zothandiza zimayamba. Kusankha bwino tomato kumakuthandizani kupeŵa kuoneka kwa matenda osasangalatsa, kumalimbikitsa kukula kwa tsinde lakuda, mizu yamphamvu.
Kodi kutanthauza phwetekere mbande?
Lingaliro la kukonzekera moyenerera kuchokera pa lingaliro la katswiri wa sayansi ya zamoyo limatanthawuza njira yolimbikitsira nthambi ya mizu ndi prischipki mizu ya msana ndi zotsatira zotsalira za zomera m'nthaka. Dzina la opaleshoniyi linachokera ku liwu lachifalansa "pique", nsonga yachindunji imathandizira kudzala msanga wochepa kwambiri pansi. Powerenga funso loti n'chifukwa chiyani timakolola mbande za tomato, timatanthawuza kuti kusuntha kwa mbande kameneka kumatulutsa kachidutswa katsopano kuti tipewe zakudya komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kodi nkofunika kuti mutenge mbande ya phwetekere?
Pakati pa oyamba kumene alimi alimi komanso akatswiri, zimakhala zachilendo pamisonkhano kuti akambirane za ntchitoyi. Pofuna kupewa zolakwitsa komanso kuti musataye mbande, muyenera kudziwa ndendende kuti tomato akusambira panyumba zikukula:
- Yesani kupanga phwetekere, wofesedwa mu lalikulu bokosi. Pakapita nthawi, mizu yawo imadulidwa, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osauka ndi kukula mofulumira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kubzala zomera ku wowonjezera kutentha kapena kumunda.
- Onetsetsani kuti mudziwe bwino ndi luso la ntchito, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito tomato bwino, ngati mukufuna kupeza mbande ndi mizu yamphamvu ndi mizu yopangidwira.
- Pamene zowonjezera kufesa, kulandira molondola kumathandiza kuti musakane mopepuka mphukira zofooka kumayambiriro.
- Ngati pali nthendayi mu bokosi, ndiye kuti mwamsanga muthamangitse tomato mumtunda watsopano kuti muteteze matenda otsalawo.
- Kupaka tomato moyenerera n'kofunika kuti muteteze zowonongeka ndi mphukira zawo.
Kodi mungatenge liti tomato?
Nthawi yomwe zimamera mbande za phwetekere zimadalira pa siteji ya kukula kwa mbande. Pakati pa masamba a cotyledonous, msinkhu umatulutsa kusamalidwa koyipa kwambiri, amaloledwa kuchita izi mwapadera, pamene pali vuto loti kufa kwa tomato chifukwa cha matendawa ndi mwendo wakuda . Zolondola kupanga chisankho pa siteji ya mapangidwe a 2-3 pa pepala ili, kuchedwa kumabweretsa kuwonjezereka kwa tsinde, kusunga mizu ndi mavuto ena.
Malamulo a pickling phwetekere mbande
Ndikofunika kuti muphunzire malamulo oyendetsa tomato kuti mukonzekere bwino kuwonongeka kumeneku ndi kofunikira. Pankhaniyi, pali miyeso yambiri yomwe ingakhudze kwambiri kukula kwa zomera. Mwa kunyalanyaza ndi zophweka kuvulaza mbande kapena kulepheretsa chitukuko chawo. Nazi zina mwa ndondomekoyi, momwe mungamvekere tomato kunyumba:
- Timakana odwala, otsika, osweka ndi tomato ofooka.
- Kuthira moyenera kwa dzikolo nthawi yachisanu ndi chaka cha kusankha kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zothandiza ndipo zimathandiza kuchita ntchitoyi popanda kuwononga mizu yofooka.
- Kuntchito ndi kofunika kugwiritsa ntchito sovochk, scapula kapena njira zina zabwino zowonjezereka zowonjezera ndi kutumizidwa kwa tomato.
- Kukulitsa phwetekere pamwamba pa kukula kungathetse chitukuko kapena kuchepetsa kwambiri.
- Kukonzekera ndi kulondola moyenera kumawononga tomato, zomera zazing'ono zimakhazikika mu nthaka yatsopano mofulumira.
- Ngakhale kunyamula moyenerera kumayambitsa mantha, tomato amadwala kwa masiku awiri oyambirira, ndizosayenera kugwiritsa ntchito zovuta feteleza panthawi imeneyi.
- Mukamapatsa dziko lapansi, imanizani pang'ono zala zanu kuti muchotse voids ndi kulimbitsa kukhudzana kwa gawo lapansi la zakudya ndi mizu.
- Ngati mukuyenera kuti muchite ntchitoyi, mungamve bwanji tomato m'nyumba yoyambira, ndiye kuti n'zosavuta kuti muchite izi muzowonongeka mozama.
- Kuthamanga kwa mizu yapakati kumakhala kovomerezeka mu mvula ndi nyengo yoziziritsa, pambaliyi mawonekedwe a pamwamba amalephera kuchepa kwa chinyezi ndi mvula. M'madera otentha ndiwothandiza kukhala ndi zomera ndi mizu ya tsinde yomwe imapita mozama.
Njira zokolola tomato
Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zopezera mbande, kotero muyenera kusankha nokha ndikuphunzira bwino njira yabwino yosankha tomato. Chisankho choyenera chimadalira pazomwe zimakhalira ndikukula. Kusiyana kwakukulu kwakukulu kwakukulu kosankhidwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi amateurs:
- Kusuntha kwa phwetekere kuchokera pamtunda wochepa kupita ku chidebe chachikulu. Njirayi ndi yoyenera kufesa mbewu mumapu ndipo imalola rootlets kuvulaza. Pofuna kuchotsa tomato mosavuta kuchoka mu chidebe ndipo sichiphwima, muyenera kuyimitsa.
- Kuika phwetekere - kumachitika pamene mukukula mbande pachiyambi pa mabokosi omwe amapezeka. Zomera zimasintha njirayi mopanda phokoso ndipo mwamsanga zimakula, ndizofunikira kuti musamalidwe bwino ndikusuntha zitsamba ndi chida chochepa chadothi. Maenje ndi ndodo, skewer, toothpick kapena chala.
Kodi tomato akhoza kuthira?
Pokonzekera, momwe magalasi amathira tomato, m'pofunika kulingalira kukula kwake molondola. Zitsamba zazikulu za zomera zing'onozing'ono sizikhala ndi njira yabwino, mizu ing'onoing'ono ilibe nthawi yokhala mwamsanga mlengalenga, yomwe imabweretsa kumira pansi ndikukula kwa matenda. Kwa mbande ing'onoing'ono, ndibwino kuti poyamba mutenge magalasi pa 100 - 150 ml. Pambuyo pa masiku 15, ngati kuli koyenera, wolima masamba amapanga mobwerezabwereza mu tani 500 ml.
Primer kwa pickling phwetekere mbande
Mukamagwira ntchito ndi timbewu ting'onoting'ono tomwe timagula tomato, koma nthawi zambiri wamaluwa amadzipanga okha. Onetsetsani kuti muzilitsa nthaka ndi fungicides - manganese, Phytosporin ndi zina zokonzekera musanagwiritse ntchito. M'dziko la acidic, timayambitsa phulusa laling'ono. Pano pali njira yosavuta ya nthaka kuchokera ku zitsulo zomwe zilipo, zomwe zidzakwanira tomato wachinyamata:
- Gawo limodzi la munda wamunda;
- 1 gawo la humus overripe;
- pafupi magawo awiri a peat;
- 1/2 gawo la mchenga wa mchenga wosasunthika.
Kodi tomato amadumphira pati?
Zimayenera kudziwa nthawi yoyenera kusankha tomato - momwe mungadulire bwino ziphuphu panthawiyi. Timapanga dzenje m'nthaka ndi chala kapena chipangizo ndikusamera mbeu ndi dothi. Zimalangizidwa kuti mudzaze tsinde ndi nthaka pafupi ndi msinkhu wa makoswe, kotero tikhoza kulimbikitsa mizu yomwe imapanga mbande zathu. Kubzala pansi pamtunda uwu sikovomerezeka, kuikidwa mwamphamvu nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kulepheretsa kukula.
Kusamalira mbande za phwetekere mutatha kusankha
Ndikofunikira kuti amateur azitsatira momwe amadziwira bwino tomato atasankha dzuwa, azidyetsa, azitseni. Ndibwino kuti poyamba muwasunge penumbra pa kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku mpaka 22 ° C, kenaka muike kuwala kwakukulu ndi kuchepetsa kutentha kwa 20 ° C. Pafupi ndi tsiku la kuziika pansi, timayamba kuyesa mbande ku dzuwa. Zaletsedwa kuchita izi mwamphamvu kuti zisayambe kuwotcha kwambiri kapena imfa ya phwetekere. Pang'onopang'ono muchotse mabokosi pansi pa mazira otseguka, kuwasiya iwo poyamba kwa mphindi 30, ndiyeno nthawi yoti mukhale pansi pa dzuwa kuti muwonjezere.
Top dressing wa phwetekere mbande
Yambani kupanga zigawo zowonjezera mchere pokhapokha mutatha kuziika mu chidebe chatsopano sichidzakhala cholakwika. Kupaka kwapamwamba kwa tomato mutatha kunyamula kumatenga masiku osachepera khumi, pamene kawirikawiri amazika mizu. Ichi chikuphatikizidwa ndi kuthirira kwapamwamba kwambiri. Zotsatira zabwino ndi ntchito ya nitrofoski , kuti mugwire ntchito muyenera kusungunula bwino supuni ya mavitamini okwana 10 malita. Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kumapeto kwachitika masabata awiri. Pano pali njira yosavuta yopangira tomato pamwamba pa kuvala pa chidebe cha madzi oyera:
- sulfate ya potaziyamu - mpaka 12 g;
- superphosphate - 35 g;
- urea - 4 g.
Momwe mungamwetse phwetekere zinamera mbande?
Nthawi zambiri chinyezi chimapweteka tomato ndipo chimayambitsa matenda oopsa. Kuthirira bwino tomato mutatha kusankha kumachitika nthawi zambiri, koma mowolowa manja. Timayesetsa kuti nthaka iume ndipo imayamwa bwino ndi zomera zathu mpaka chinyezi chimayambika. Pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko yomwe wapatsidwa, n'zotheka ndi kuponderezedwa kwa madzi mwadzidzidzi kuswa mapesi kapena kumenyana masamba ndi kumera pansi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi tomato ang'onoang'ono obzalidwa mu cotyledon siteji. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zitini zothirira ndi mabowo abwino a madzi okwanira.