Nchifukwa chiyani ana obadwa ndi matenda a Down?

Matenda a pansi ndi matenda omwe amafala kwambiri: malinga ndi ziwerengero, zilipo mwa mwana wakhanda mmodzi wa mazana asanu ndi awiri. Dziwani kuti matendawa angakhale ndi matenda opatsirana panthawi yomwe ali ndi mimba, koma potsirizira pake amachiza mwana asanabadwe kapena atabadwa, mankhwala amasiku ano sangathe. Choncho, makolo ambiri amtsogolo amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi funso loti n'chifukwa chiyani ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome amabadwa komanso momwe angapewere. Pambuyo pake, zolakwika za chitukuko cha m'maganizo ndi zakuthupi mwa odwala ang'onoang'ono ndizofunika kwambiri ndipo sizimakonzedwa nthawi zonse mwa kumwa mankhwala ndi kuphunzitsa mwamphamvu.

Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Mankhwala amasiku ano apeza kuti zifukwa zomwe zimafotokozera chifukwa chake ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome sagwirizana kwenikweni ndi nyengo ya dziko, mtundu wa amayi ndi abambo, mtundu wawo kapena njira ya moyo, komanso momwe amakhalira m'banja.

Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mwana wa chromosome. Maselo onse a thupi la munthu ali ndi ma chromosomes 46, omwe amachititsa kuti makolo azikhala ndi ana. Onsewo ali pawiri: mwamuna ndi wamkazi. Koma nthawi zina vutoli limakhala lopweteka kwambiri, choncho kromosome yowonjezera 47 imawoneka m'magulu awiri a ma chromosome. Ndicho chifukwa chake ana amabadwira, machiritso athu sangatheke, chifukwa m'nthawi yathu ino, zolakwika zapachibadwa sizingatheke kuwongolera.

Tiyeni tifufuze mwatsatanetsatane zinthu zofunikira kwambiri, zomwe zimakhudza maonekedwe a mwana wodwala:

1. Mayi amakafika zaka 33-35. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti chiopsezo chokhala ndi mwana wamwamuna kapena wamkazi wokhala ndi Down syndrome ndi chokwera kwambiri mwa akazi oterewa. Izi zimayamba chifukwa cha ukalamba wa thupi pamene ungatulutse mazira osabereka, kapena kutengera matenda a ziwalo zoberekera. Kawirikawiri amayi oterewa asanabadwe anafa kapena anafa ali aang'ono. Choncho, ngati muli pachiopsezo, pamene muli ndi mimba, amniocentesis ikulimbikitsidwa, momwe amniotic madzi amatengedwa ndipo kenako kufufuza koyenera kumachitika. Musanyalanyaze njirayi: mukamaphunzira funso la chifukwa chake mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome angabadwire, madokotala atsimikizira mfundo yosangalatsa. Ngati atsikana omwe ali ndi zaka zosakwana 25 ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi khanda lokha ndilo 1/1400, mwa amayi amene akubereka, omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 35, chiwopsezo n'chochulukirapo: pafupipafupi, vuto limodzi la obadwa 350.
2. Chosowa chaukhondo. Ngakhale kuti zimadziwika kuti amuna omwe ali ndi matenda amenewa ndi osawuka, amayi 50% omwe ali ndi matenda a Downs amakhala ndi ana. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, ana amazilandira matendawa, choncho ndi bwino kuganizira ngati kuli kofunika kupitilira matendawa.
3. Zaka za atate. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimakhalira mwana atha kubadwa ndi kuti bambo ali ndi zaka zoposa 42. Panthawi imeneyi, ubwino wa umuna umachepa pang'ono, kotero kuti feteleza ya dzira yomwe ili ndi umuna wochepa kwambiri komanso chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda akuluakulu achibadwawa sichikutheka.
4. Maukwati pakati pa abale apamtima. Sizodziwikiratu kuti m'madera ambiri a dziko lapansi amaletsedwa kukwatira osati achibale okha, koma ngakhale msuweni woyamba ndi azibale ake achibale ndi alongo.
5. Akatswiri apeza kuti nthawi zina ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome amayamba kubadwa. Mkazi wamkuluyo anali pa nthawi ya kubadwa kwa mwana wamkazi, mwayi waukulu kwambiri wa kubadwa kwa mdzukulu wodwala kapena mdzukulu.