Nchifukwa chiyani nkhumba yamagazi imatuluka?

M'kati mwa XVI, nkhumba zoyambazo zinabweretsedwa ku Ulaya. Mwamsanga iwo anayamba kutchuka, ndipo anayamba kusudzulana monga ziweto. Kwa nthawi yayitali nkhumba zamphongo zinali zodula kwambiri, ndipo anthu olemera okha ankatha kugula nyama iyi. M'kupita kwa nthawi, mitundu yambiri ya nkhumba zamitundu yosiyana, mtundu, komanso zosiyana ndi ubweya wa ubweya zinayambika. Ngakhale kuti masiku ano palibe amene amadabwa ndi nyamayi, chifukwa zambiri zimakhalabe zinsinsi chifukwa nkhumba za nkhumba zimatchedwa, nkhumba za kubadwa, zomwe anthu adayesa nyamazi, nanga n'chifukwa chiyani nkhumbayi imatuluka, ngakhalenso nkhumba za m'nyanja? Yankho la mafunso amenewa lingapezekedwe m'mbiri ya kugonjetsa America ndi asilikali a ku Spain, komanso mbiri ya mafuko akale a ku India.

Kuberekanso kwa nkhumba zamagazi kunayamba kumayambiriro kwa BC zikwi zisanu ndi ziwiri. kumadera a Central ndi South America. Ndipo makoswewa amatchedwa aperea kapena ayi. M'chilengedwe, kubereka kwa nkhumba kumachitika chaka chonse, mimba imatenga miyezi iwiri yokha ndipo patadutsa maola 13 mpaka 14 mutatha kubala nkhumba imakonzedwanso kubereka. Chifukwa cha ichi, Amwenye adalera nkhumba ngati nkhuku, zomwe zimayambitsa nyama, komanso nyama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka nsembe ndi miyambo ina. Ndipo m'nthaŵi yathu ino, anthu ammayiko ena amadya nkhumba, ndipo anthu a ku Peru atulutsa nkhumba zazikuluzikulu zokhala ndi makilogalamu 2.5.

Zambiri za nkhumba zamphongo zimapezeka m'mabuku a aSpain omwe anafika pamphepete mwa nyanja ya South America. Pamene iwo ankawona nyama izi nthawi yoyamba, iwo anakumbutsidwa mkaka wa mkaka. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe nkhumbayi ndi nkhumba. Kuwonjezera apo, nkhumba inagwidwa kuti idye chakudya, komanso ku Ulaya ya nkhumba zamakono. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nkhumbayi ikhale yochepa. Choyamba, pamene chinyama chimakhala ndi nkhawa, kapena chotsutsana, chimakhutitsidwa, chimapanga maonekedwe ofanana ndi kuswa kapena pohryukivanie. Ndipo kachiwiri, ziwalo za m'munsi mwa nkhumba zimafanana ndi ziboda. Zoonadi, nkhumbazi zimatchedwa apanidi ndi Aspania, omwe anabweretsa ku Ulaya, monga dzina limeneli likufalikira m'mayiko onse. Koma nyanja imatchulidwa kokha ku Germany ndi ku Russia. Amakhulupirira kuti poyamba ankatchedwa kutsidya lina, monga momwe adaperekera ku maikowa ndi nyanja. Patapita nthaŵi, dzinali linali losavuta, ndipo iwo ankatchedwa kuti nyanja.

Kutchuka komwe kumakondwera ndi nkhumba zazing'ono mpaka lero kungathe kufotokozedwa ndi zifukwa zingapo. Mosasamala za zazimayi, nkhumba za mbuzi ziri zoyera mokwanira, mosasamala mu chisamaliro, zimatha kukhala zokha ndi magulu. Makhalidwe a nkhumba za mbuzi amayenera kusamalidwa mwapadera - ndi achikondi, okondana, okondana, komanso osagwirizana. Milandu pamene nkhumba ikulira ndizosowa. Nthawi zambiri amathawa, kapena amayesera kubisala. Nthawi zina, amuna akamadziteteza, amatha kulumphira mpikisano wawo, koma panthawiyi kuluma kudzakhala kosavuta komanso kosakhala koopsa kwa otsutsana. Ngati zinyama zingapo zikukonzekera, ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungazindikire kugonana kwa nkhumba yamphongo. Kugonana kwa ng ombe ya nkhumba kumatsimikiziridwa kuchokera patali pakati pa ziwalo zogonana ndi za ana. Mwa amuna, izi ndizo Mtunda ndi wamkulu kuposa wa akazi. Malo abwino kwambiri m'madera amodzi amakhala pamodzi. Koma kusunga banja kungakhale kovuta, chifukwa iwo adzachulukitsa chaka chonse. Mimba ndi kubala kwa nkhumba za nkhumba zimafooketsa ndipo zingayambitse kufooka kwa thupi ndi imfa ya nyama, ngati sichidzapuma kwa nthawi yayitali kuti ipeze. Komanso, panthawi yoyembekezera, nkhumba imafunika kudyetsedwa bwino, kotero kuti kumwa mowa, komwe ndi koopsa pamoyo, sikuyamba. Lamulo lina lofunika kwambiri losunga zinyamazi ndi kusunga chipinda pamtunda kutentha - nkhumba za mbira sizingathe kupirira kutentha kwapadera kapena kutentha kwambiri. Ndipo kawirikawiri, kusamalira minofu ndi kophweka, ndipo ngati mutatsatira zowonjezereka, nyamayo idzakhala yosangalala kwa zaka zambiri kwa eni ake.