Mzinda waukulu kwambiri ku America udzangoyenda pansi pa madzi ndi mamiliyoni a anthu okhalamo!
Mzinda umodzi wokhala ndi anthu ambiri komanso wapamwamba kwambiri ku United States nthaŵi zonse umati dzina la mzinda wabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Malingaliro osiyanasiyana, anthu 8,5 mpaka 10.5 miliyoni amakhala mmenemo - ndipo izi sizimaphatikizapo anthu 1.5-2 miliyoni osamukira kudziko lina. Popeza zivomezi ndi mvula zimagwa nthawi zambiri, akatswiri a zakuthambo komanso akatswiri a zakuthambo amaonetsetsa kuti nyengo ikuyendera komanso kuyenda kwa mbale za tectonic. Posachedwapa oimira mayunivesite atatu apamwamba a sayansi ku United States achita mantha: New York adzakhala pansi pa madzi ndipo izi zidzachitika zaka zoposa 100!
Chidziwitso choyamba cha kufufuza kochititsa chidwi kwasayansi kunawonekera mu dziko lotchuka la sayansi la nyuzipepala ya Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Nkhaniyi inafotokozera maphunziro okondweretsa kwambiri, omwe boma linakopa akatswiri ochokera ku malo atatu ofufuza za sayansi ku Princeton, Ruttersky ndi Oceanographic Institute. Chifukwa cha ntchitoyi chinali mphepo yamkuntho Sandy, yomwe inakhala tsoka lachilengedwe osati ku New York mu 2012.
"Sandy" yomwe idachokera ku Jamaica ndi imene inachititsa kuti Barack Obama azidandaula, molimbikitsanso anthu okhala mumzindawo kuti azidzipatula m'nyumba zawo ndi kukonzekera kukumana ndi mphepo yamkuntho yamkuntho. "Sandy" anakakamiza ofesi ya bungwe la UN Exchange, bungwe la UN, kutseka ndi kuchotsa maulendo onse m'mayiko atatu. Mitsinje 7 yapansi panthaka inasefukira, ndipo Chilumba cha Manhattan chinadulidwa masiku atatu ndi madzi ochokera kumtunda. Mafunde a mafunde amene anamusambitsa anafika mamita 4 mu msinkhu. Imfa ya anthu okwana 73 ndi kuwonongeka kwa 65 biliyoni - ndicho chimene chinachokera "Sandy" atachoka ku New York.
Maphunziro omalizira adazindikira kuti "Sandy" inali mkokomo woyamba wa mphepo yamkuntho - mkuntho wa mphepo zina zamkuntho zamphamvu. Asayansi atsimikizira kuti kuchuluka kwa misampha imeneyi kudzawonjezeka, kupeza mphamvu zonse ndi 2100-2170. Chifukwa cha ichi chidzakhala kutentha kwa dziko lapansi: chifukwa cha izo, kutentha kwa New York kudzakwera ndi madigiri awiri pawiri pachaka mlingo, chifukwa cha zomwe mzinda udzaikidwa pansi pa mafunde. Mwamwayi, Purezidenti wamakono Donald Trump sakhulupirira za tsogolo labwino la New York ndipo amachoka ku mgwirizano wa zachilengedwe wa America imodzi mwa imodzi ...
Kodi ndi imfa iti yomwe iyenera kuwonongedwa anthu a ku New York? Kale mu 2050 mphepo yamkuntho imakhala iwiri, ndipo mafunde nthawi iliyonse yafika mamita 2.7-3 m'kukwera. Muzaka 10, chiopsezo cha mkuntho watsopano chidzachulukitsa kawiri kawiri, chomwe chidzapangitsa kufa kwa zikwi za anthu. Kugwiritsa ntchito pakompyuta kunathandizira kupeza kuti mu 2055 mwezi uliwonse ku New York padzakhala kusefukira kwa 1-2 ndi mafunde ofikira mamita 4.
Asayansi alibe zithunzithunzi zabwino, kotero lingaliro likanakhala losavuta kuti iwo alakwitsa mu kuwerengera. "Funso lokhalo ndiloti zinthu zidzaipiraipira - zinthu zosayembekezereka sizidzangokhalako," anatero wasayansi Benjamin Horton akufotokoza zotsatira zochititsa chidwi za kafukufuku. Koma kodi anthu a ku New York angakhulupirire mumayendedwe a sayansi ndipo adzatha kuthawa chinthu chopanda pake?