Mkulu wa kumpoto ndi wotchuka chifukwa cha zojambulajambula: Yusupov Palace , Winter Palace, Anichkov Palace ndi ena ambiri. Mmodzi mwa iwo ndi Nyumba ya Mikhailovsky, yomwe ili pakati pa St. Petersburg, pa: Engineering Street, 2-4 (station ya metstiny Dvor / Nevsky Prospekt metro). Tsopano ili ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ku Russia.
Mbiri ya chilengedwe
Nyumba ya Mikhailovsky inayamba kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. January 28, 1798 mu banja la Emperor yemwe anali mfumu Paul I ndi mkazi wake Maria Feodorovna anabadwa mwana wachinayi - Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich. Atangobereka kumene, Paulo ndinamuuza ndalama zopezeka pachaka kuti amange nyumba ya mwana wake wamwamuna wamng'ono kwambiri Michael.
Lingaliro lake silinayambe lagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mfumu. Mu 1801, Paulo ine ndinamwalira chifukwa cha kuponderezedwa kwa mfumu. Komabe, lamuloli linaphedwa ndi Mbale Paul I, Emperor Alexander I, amene adalamula zomanga nyumbayo. Monga mmisiri wa nyumba ya Mikhailovsky Palace, Charles Wachina Rossi yemwe anali wokongola kwambiri anaitanidwa. Pambuyo pake, chifukwa cha ntchito yake, analandira Lamulo la St. Vladimir wa digiri yachitatu ndi malo omwe amamanga nyumbayo popanda ndalama za boma. M'gululi ndi Rossi anagwiritsa ntchito ziboliboli V. Demut-Malinovsky, S. Pimenov, ojambula A. Vigi, P. Scotti, F. Briullov, B. Medici, ojambula F. Stepanov, V. Zakharov, wopanga miyala ya miyala Marc J. Schennikov, opanga mipando I. Bowman, A. Tour, V. Bokov.
Ntchito yomanga nyumba ya Mikhailovsky siinali yokonzanso nyumba yomwe inalipo - nyumba ya Chernyshev, koma pakukhazikitsidwa kwa malo amodzi a m'matawuni. Ntchitoyi inagwiranso ntchito pa nyumba yachifumu (nyumba yaikulu ndi mapiko a mbali zina zimachita zonse), ndi malo ake kutsogolo (Mikhaylovskaya Square), ndi misewu iwiri - Engineering ndi Mikhailovskaya (misewu yatsopano yokhala ndi nyumba ya Mikhailovsky ndi Nevsky Prospekt). Malingana ndi kamangidwe kameneka, Mikhailovsky Palace ndi ya chikhalidwe chapamwamba kwambiri.
Wopanga zomangamanga anayamba kugwira ntchito mu 1817, ndipo adayika pa July 14, 1819, kumanga pa July 26. Ntchito yomanga inamalizidwa mu 1823, ndipo anamaliza - mu 1825. Atayatsa nyumba yachifumu pa August 30, 1825, Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich anasamukira kuno ndi banja lake.
Kulowera mkati mwa nyumba ya Mikhailovsky
M'katikati mwa nyumba yachifumu munali nyumba zapadera (zipinda zisanu ndi chimodzi) za Grand Grand, zipinda za alendo, zipinda za khoti, khitchini, zipinda zogwirira ntchito, laibulale, kutsogolo, phwando, chipinda, kuphunzira, masitepe aakulu.
White Hall - kunyada kwa mfumu
Kuchokera kumunda kumtunda wachiwiri wa nyumba ya Mikhailovsky kunamangidwa ku White Hall. Chitsanzo cha nyumbayi chinaperekedwa kwa Mfumu Henry IV ya Chingelezi chifukwa cha kukongola kwake. M'nthaŵi ya Mikhail Pavlovich, nyumba yachifumu inali pakati pa chikhalidwe cha anthu a ku Russia.
Mbiri yakale ya nyumba yachifumu
Imfa ya Grand Duke itaperekedwa kwa mkazi wake wamasiye, Elena Pavlovna. Grand Duchess ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pamisonkhano yogona ya anthu, olemba, asayansi, ndale. Pano, nkhani zokhudzana ndi kusintha ndi kusintha kwa ma 1860 zinakambidwa. Kwa Ekaterina Mikhailovna, yemwe analandira nyumba yachifumu pambuyo pa imfa ya amayi ake, chipinda cha chipinda chachisanu ndi chitatu ndipo khomo lakumaso linakhazikitsidwa ku phiko la Manege. Amuna atsopano, ana a Ekaterina Mikhailovna, adayamba kubwereka nyumbazo, ofesi inatsegulidwa kuti abwezeretse ndalama zogulira nyumbayo. Popeza mamembala a banja la Ekaterina Mikhailovna anali maphunziro akunja, adasankha kuwombola nyumba yawo ya Mikhailovsky. Pambuyo pa msonkhanowu mu 1895, nyumba yachifumuyo inasiyidwa ndi eni ake omwe kale anali nawo.
Pa March 7, 1898, mumzinda wa Mikhailovsky unatsegulidwa ku Russia Museum. Mu 1910-1914, katswiri wa zomangamanga Leonty Nikolaevich Benois anapanga nyumba yatsopano kuti iwonetsedwe ku nyumba yosungirako zinthu zakale. Nyumba ya Mikhailovsky, yotchedwa kulemekeza Mlengi "Benois's Corps", inayang'anizana ndi ngalande ya Griboedov. Ntchito yomanga nyumbayo inatha pambuyo pa nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse.
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
