Chimodzi mwa ma antigen a gulu la magazi ndi Rh factor. Kukhalapo kwake kumasonyeza kuti rhesus yanu ndi yabwino. Ngati palibe antigen, Rh ndi yoipa, ndipo izi zingakhudze kwambiri mimba yanu ya mtsogolo. Choncho, anthu omwe ali ndi Rhesus zabwino sangakumbukire ngakhale, koma mayi yemwe ali ndi nthenda yambiri ya magazi ayenera kudziwa kuti panthawi yomwe ali ndi mimba, pangakhale phokoso la nkhondo ya Rh.
Nkhondo ya Rhesus imawonetseredwa chifukwa cha mankhwala a erythrocyte akunja m'magazi a munthu, omwe amapangidwa ndi mapuloteni a dongosolo la Rhesus. Kwa chitetezo cha mthupi, iwo ndi achilendo, ndipo motero, njira yopangira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda imayamba. Pamene mimba imayendetsa kwa iye, pali rhesus yolakwika mwa mayi komanso abambo a mwana wabwino. Kuphatikizana kwina konse sikubweretsa ku nkhondo ya Rhesus.
Komabe, ngakhale ndi Rhesus yoipa, kukonzekera kwathunthu kwa pakati ndi kotheka kwa amayi. Choyamba, kupewera kokwanira kumaloleza kuthetsa zotsatira za mpikisano wa Rh, ndipo kachiwiri, kachilombo ka Rh, ngakhale pa mimba yachiwiri, sizomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko chake.
Matenda a Rhesus ndiwo ma makina a mapuloteni omwe amapangidwa m'thupi la amayi pamene amamwa maselo ofiira a magazi a Rh. Akapezeka m'magazi a mayi, matendawa amatengedwa-Rh-sensitization. Izi zimawululidwa pamene kuthetsa modzidzimutsa kapena kukakamiza kutenga mimba kumaphatikizika ndi nthenda yolakwika mzimayi. Komanso ma antibodies angayambe pakulera koyamba, pamene magazi a mwana ali ndi rhesus yabwino amalowa m'magazi a mkazi yemwe ali ndi rhesus yolakwika atabereka.
Nthawi zina, zimakhala zotheka kumayambiriro, chifukwa ma antibodies amapezeka m'magazi a fetus, kuyambira sabata lachisanu ndi chiwiri la mimba. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri mimba yoyamba kwa amayi omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kamangokhalapo popanda vuto, ngati kale panalibe kutonthozedwa kwa thupi.
Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya rhesus kungakhalepo, ngati kuchotsedwa kwa mankhwala a placenta, komanso ngati kubadwa koyamba kunkayenda ndi kutuluka magazi kwambiri kapena mayi amene akubeleka anali wosowa. Ndipo, ndithudi, izi zimachitika poyambitsa mimba yachiwiri (yachitatu) ndi mimba yolakwika mwa mayi. Izi ndi chifukwa chapamwamba kuti maselo ofiira ambiri a Rhesus amatha kulowa m'magazi a mayi. Ndipo motero, majeremusi a Rhesus ayamba kupanga.
Chifukwa chakuti chitetezo cha mthupi cha amayi omwe ali ndi nthenda yosakanizika panthawi yomwe ali ndi mimba chimapezeka ndi maselo ofiira a magazi (Rh-positive) kwa nthawi yoyamba, ma antibodies sapangidwa mochuluka kwambiri. Ndipo 10% mwa amayi atatenga mimba yoyamba ali ndi katemera. Choncho, ngati mayi ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a Rhesus amapewa katemera wa Rhesus, ndiye pa mimba yachiwiri mpata wa maonekedwe ake udzakhalanso 10%. Choncho, zimakhala zofunikira ndi vuto lopweteketsa mzimayi musanayambe kulandira mimba yachiwiri kuti aone ngati pali ma antibodies m'magazi. Panthawiyi, ayenera kulembedwa kale ndi chipatala. Muzotsatira zomwezo, ndipo mukhoza kuchita kafukufuku wina.
Ndiponso, ndi rhesus yoipa musanakonzekere mimba yachiwiri, m'pofunika kupeza chomwe Rh factor ndi mwana wanu woyamba.
Izi zimakhala zovuta, monga mimba yokhazikika kwa amayi omwe ali ndi vuto lopweteketsa, nthawi zambiri amapezeka pa 1 trimester yoyamba ya mimba (mpaka masabata 14). Imfa ya abambo pambuyo pa masabata makumi asanu ndi awiri (28) ndi yotheka.
Zina mwazochitika panthawi yomwe mayi ali ndi mimba yokhala ndi nthenda yosakanikirana, ndizotheka kuwonjezera, kuphatikizapo ndondomeko yomwe imathandizira kuyeretsedwa kwa ma antibodies, komanso kuikidwa magazi kwa intrauterine.