Mu chikhalidwe chodziwika, nthata imakula mpaka 600 g. Ngati kukula kwake kukuposa machitidwe awa, matenda a splenomegaly amapangidwa - zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndizochuluka. Pa nthawi yomweyi matendawa sali oyamba, koma pang'onopang'ono akukula motsutsana ndi matenda ena m'thupi lachilendo kapena lachilendo panthawi yomwe akubwerera.
Matenda a splenomegaly
Chikhalidwe choganiziridwacho ndichigawo chotsatira:
- chokhazikika;
- adafotokozedwa.
Pachiyambi choyamba, splenomegaly yochepa imayambitsa kuchuluka kwa mpeni. Amafika pa 1-1.5 kg kulemera kwake ndipo amachokera 2-4 masentimita pansi pa mtengo wokwera mtengo.
Kutchulidwa kuti splenomegaly kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa chiwalo (mpaka 6-8 makilogalamu). Pachifukwa ichi, nthata imadulidwa 5-6 masentimita pansi pa nthiti yotsiriza.
Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a splenomegaly - matenda a nthenda ndi chiwindi:
- Chiwindi cha chiwindi chimayambira, makamaka chiwindi choopsa;
- chiwonongeko cha nsonga;
- matenda oopsa;
- ziphuphu ndi ziphuphu;
- Kukhalapo kwa abambo ndi abscesses mu matenda a nthenda ndi chiwindi;
- zofunika hyperlipidemia;
- glycogenosis;
- mphutsi;
- hemochromatosis ;
- Matenda a Wilson;
- chifuwa cha TB.
Matenda ena amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso matenda aakulu tizilombo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda:
- sepsis;
- matenda a typhoid-paratyphoid;
- matenda opatsirana a mononucleosis;
- syphilis;
- TB yamatenda;
- chikuku;
- brucellosis;
- rubella.
Kawirikawiri, splenomegaly imayambira pambali ya leishmaniasis, malungo ndi toxoplasmosis (matenda opangidwa ndi tizilombo tosavuta).
Komanso pakati pa zifukwa zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira zimatchedwa fungal zilonda (blastomycosis ndi histoplasmosis), komanso helminthiases:
- mphukira;
- schistosomiasis.
Matenda aakulu omwe amachititsa splenomegaly ndi awa:
- kupweteka kwa magazi ndi magazi;
- thrombotic ndi thrombocytopenic purpura;
- hemoglobinopathy;
- idiopathic purpura;
- mphunzitsi;
- systemic lupus erythematosus;
- myelofibrosis;
- nodular periarteritis;
- khansa ya m'magazi mu mawonekedwe ovuta komanso osapitirira;
- nyamakazi ya nyamakazi ;
- malignant lymphoma.
Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti m'matenda a hematopoiesis ndi matenda omwe amadzimadzimadzimadzimodzi, amachititsa kuti splenomegaly ichitike ngakhale kumayambiriro kwa matendawa. Chiwalochi mwamsanga ndipo chikukula mwamphamvu kukula, kufika kulemera kwa 3-4 makilogalamu, chimapezeka mosavuta ngakhale pamene palpation ya epigastric dera ndiyomwe ikumverera.