The phthisiatrist - ndi ndani, ndipo ndi liti pamene ayenera kumulankhula?

Chifuwa chachikulu ndi matenda ofala opatsirana padziko lonse, omwe amatha kufa. Poyankha funso, katswiri wa chiphati - yemwe ali, ayenera kupereka tanthauzo lomveka bwino la zachipatala ichi. Iye ndi katswiri pa matenda opatsirana, kupewa ndi kuchiza chifuwa chachikulu.

Katswiri wa chiphati - ndi ndani amene amachiza?

Maphunziro a zaumulungu amafufuza, kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda a chifuwa chachikulu. Chifukwa chakuti matendawa amakhudza osati kokha kupuma, komanso ziwalo zina zamkati, nkofunika kudziwa chifuwa chachikulu pa nthawi yake ndikuponyera mphamvu zonse polimbana ndi matendawa. Ngati tilingalira mwatsatanetsatane kuti ndi dokotala wotani, ndiye kuti tiyenera kuganizira ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa, zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi katswiri uyu.

Kodi TB imachiza chiyani?

Funso, dokotala wa phthisiatrician - yemwe ali ndi chithandizo cha ziwalo zomwe zimagwira nawo, amafunikanso kulingalira mwatsatanetsatane. Chifuwa cha TB chimakhudza osati mapapu okha, komanso ziwalo zina ndi machitidwe, omwe amachiritsidwa ndi kachilombo ka dokotala uyu. Zitha kukhala:

• mapapo;
• ziwalo ndi mafupa;
• chikopa;
• impso ndi adrenal glands;
• urogenital;
• ziwalo za masomphenya;
• mafoni;
• nembanemba yamagetsi;
• mimba.

Kodi akatswiri a zamatsenga amagwira ntchito kuti?

Malingana ndi matenda omwe dokotala wa TB amachitira, malo ogwira ntchito ya katswiri wotere nthawi zambiri ndi bungwe lachipatala kapena lachinsinsi. Malo ogwira ntchito ya katswiri mu nkhani ya phthisiology akhoza kukhala:

• polyclinic;
• chipatala cha mapulani osiyanasiyana;
• chifuwa chachikulu;
• ofesi mu chipatala chapayekha;
• masukulu ochita kafukufuku.

Ndiyenera liti nditapeze dokotala wa TB?

Pali zizindikiro zambiri zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa kuti mufunsane ndi dokotala kuti azindikire kapena kusalepheretsa kukhalapo kwa chifuwa chachikulu pa nthawi yake. Katswiri wa chiphati - yemwe ali ndi nthawi yoyenera kupita ku phwando lake - ndikofunika kudziwa kuti asapewe mavuto aakulu. Mayesero, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuti apeze matenda a phthisiatrist: mantoux ndi zovuta. Akatswiri odziwa zizindikiro amatchula zizindikiro, pozindikira kuti, ndibwino kuti afunsane ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo:

• chifuwa chimene sichitha masabata osachepera atatu;
• kusowa kolemetsa kopanda pake;
• Kuchepetsa chakudya chochepa;
• Kuthamanga kwa mfuti, ntchentche, makamaka, magazi;
• kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha;
• kufooka, chizungulire, kusowa mphamvu;
• usiku kutukuta;
• ululu m'chifuwa.

Kodi katswiri wa zachipatala amachita zotani?

Chinthu choyamba chimene adokotala aliyense amayamba ndi anamnesis. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kulandila katswiri wa zachipatala kumayamba ndi kusonkhanitsidwa kwa chidziwitso cha matenda, chikhalidwe, moyo, ntchito zamalonda komanso mbiri yachipatala, ngati matendawa adapangidwa kale. Mukamaliza kukambirana ndi aphunzitsi, muyenera kukhala okonzekera kuti mayesero, X-ray, kufufuza, ndi zina zotero, zidzakonzedweratu.

Kodi chitsimikizo cha phthisiatrist chimachitika bwanji ku phwando?

Kuphatikiza pa mantha a chifuwa chachikulu, zimakhala zachilendo kwa mabungwe osiyanasiyana kufuna katswiri wa zamaganizo kuti afotokoze kuti palibe chifuwa cha TB ndipo kenako kukayendera dokotala ndilololedwa. Choyamba ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe katswiri wa phishopi amayang'ana pa phwando ndi zotsatira za mayesero (magazi, ndowe, mkodzo) zomwe poyamba zinkalamulidwa. Kenako X-ray ndi / kapena fluorography. Ngati mantu anapangidwira, katswiri amamuyesa kuti achite bwino. Kuonjezera apo, kuyang'anitsitsa momwe mliri wamagulu amachitira, zomwe zingasonyeze kukhalapo kwa matenda m'thupi.

Kodi dokotala wa TB amadziwa bwanji chifuwa chachikulu?

Njira zamakono zogwiritsira ntchito chifuwa chachikulu zimatha kuzindikira matendawa poyamba. Katswiri wa zachipatala akuyang'aniridwa (yemwe, tanena kale). Kuti mumvetsetse momwe matendawa amapezera, njira zochizira chifuwa chachikulu zimayenera kuganiziridwa, zomwe zimawoneka kuti ndizothandiza kwambiri.

1. Mantoux . Awa ndi mayeso a tuberculin omwe amayenera kupeza chifuwa chachikulu pofufuza zotsatira za khungu pambuyo pa zotsatira zochepetsedwa kapena zam'mimba.
2. Diaskintest . Mankhwalawa amatha kuzindikira chifuwa chachikulu cha TB. Ndipotu, izi ndi mayeso omwe ma antigen amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu kuti adziwe momwe thupi limayankhira (interferon). Ngati zamoyo zikudziwika ndi matendawa, yankho la mayesero lidzakhala labwino.
3. Fluorography. Njira imeneyi yobweretsera chifuwa chachikulu ndi yotchuka kwambiri - katswiri aliyense wazomwe amatha kuzindikira kuti alipo.
4. Chithunzi cha X. Njira imeneyi ndi yofanana ndi chiwonetsero cha madzi, koma ndi chithunzi chabwino, chomwe chimapezeka chifukwa cha kuchulukitsidwa kwa mphamvu pazithunzi.
5. Mapulogalamu a pakompyuta. Njira imeneyi imaphatikizapo kupeza deta yolondola popanda kukhala ndi mazira. Iyi ndi njira yatsopano yopangira kufufuza osati mu nkhani ya phtuseology. Pochita CT imakhala zotheka kupeza zotsatira za phunzirolo mu chithunzi chodziwika.
6. Mbewu za microbiological. Njira imeneyi imathandiza kuzindikira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi mwa kuyang'ana zinthu zakuthupi (sputum, mucus, bronchus).
7. Chiyeso cha Hepatic. Izi ndi mayesero osiyanasiyana omwe amathandiza kudziwa kuti pali tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, pofufuza chiwindi.
8. Inoculation mkodzo. Kufufuza uku kuli cholinga chozindikira microbacteria ya chifuwa chachikulu mu mkodzo. Amauzidwa kuti palibe matenda monga cystitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis, ndi zina zotero.

Kupewa chifuwa chachikulu

Njira zothandizira kupewa chifuwa chachikulu cha TB - mfundo yofunikira yomwe sayenera kunyalanyazidwa. Matendawa akuwonjezeka, ngakhale kuti pali njira zambiri zozindikiritsira matenda, zomwe mungathe kuzindikira kuti matendawa ndi oyamba kale. Ana ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, choncho ali mwana, njira zothandizira zimakhala zovuta.

1. Njira yoyamba yothandizira ikadali m'chipatala. Ngati sabata yoyamba ya mwanayo mulibe mavuto ndi thanzi, ndiye amapezeka ndi BCG.
2. Mayesero a Mantoux amachitidwa pachaka kwa ana, ndipo ayenera kuwonedwa kuti palibe choipa.

Njira zothandizira ndizofunikira kwa akuluakulu. Dokotala ndi katswiri wa chiphati, chifuwa chachikulu chomwe sikuti matenda okhawo ayenera kuchiritsidwa, komanso matenda omwe amafunika miyezo yochulukirapo pofuna kupewa.

Chimene mukufunikira kuti muchepetse kutenga chiopsezo chotenga chifuwa chachikulu:

1. Chakudya chabwino. Ziyenera kukhala zomveka komanso zoyenera.
2. Machitidwe abwino apamwamba.
3. Kukana kuledzeretsa mowa, kusuta, mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
4. Makhalidwe abwino.
5. Kuchita zokhudzana ndi moyo, kusewera masewera.
6. Kusunga ukhondo.
7. Njira zothandizira kuteteza chitetezo.
8. Kupititsa patsogolo thupi mwa kuyendera malo osungiramo malo, malo osungirako malo komanso otsogolera.