Zipatso kiwano - zokongola zosangalatsa zachilengedwe pa webusaitiyi

M'masitolo muli zipatso zambiri zosakanizika pakhomo. Chipatso cha kiwano kuchokera ku Africa chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe osadziwika, kotero kusokoneza ndi chinthu china sizingatheke. Mkati mwake, umakhala ndi odzola ndi mbewu.

Chiwano - ndondomeko

Zipatso zamakono zimatchedwanso nkhaka kapena mavwende a ku African, chifukwa pali ziphuphu pamwamba. Chomeracho ndi liana yobiriwira, yomwe imatha kufika mamita 3-5. Ndikofunika kudziwa komwe chimwana chikukula, kotero chikhalidwe ichi chikukula m'mayiko a Central America, Israel, New Zealand ndi madera ena omwe ali ndi nyengo yofanana.

1. Creeper wa chaka chimodzi ali ndi zokwawa komanso zokwawa, zomwe zimapweteketsa komanso zimafalitsa.
2. Masamba amatambasulidwa, ndipo maluwa ndi aakulu ndi achikasu, ndipo kunja amawoneka ngati mavwende.
3. Patapita masiku makumi asanu ndi awiri mutabzalidwa mbewu, zidzatheka kukolola zipatso zomwe zili pafupi ndi masentimita 15. Zingakhale zachikasu, lalanje kapena zofiira. Kukoma kwa mapiritsi onga odzola kuli pakati pa nthochi ndi nkhaka.

Munthu sangathe koma kumvetsera zomwe zimathandiza zipatso za kiwano, zomwe ziri ndi 89% madzi, zomwe zimayambitsa mafuta ochepa. Zambiri zimaphatikizapo mfundo zotsatirazi:

1. Kumadera kumene zipatso zimakula, thupi limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yomwe imalimbikitsa machiritso mofulumira. Zimakhulupirira kuti zimathandiza kuyeretsa thupi la poizoni ndi poizoni.
2. Ndigwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse, mukhoza kulimbikitsa chitetezo chokwanira komanso kutulutsa thupi.
3. Chipatso cha chipatso chili ndi vitamini A, C ndi gulu B, ndipo zinthu izi ndi zofunika kuti thupi lizigwira bwino ntchito.
4. Kivano yothandiza pakupezeka kwa matenda a m'mimba ndi mitsempha ya mtima, chifukwa muli ndi potaziyamu wambiri.
5. Zipatso zimakhudza kwambiri chikopa cha khungu, zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotsika komanso zimayambitsa njira yatsopano yatsopano.
6. Kivano ndi chinthu chabwino kwa iwo amene amafuna kulemera.
7. Gwiritsani ntchito zamkati kuti zikhale zodzikongoletsera, choncho pangani masikiti omwe ali ndi toning ndi kuyimitsa.

Anthu ambiri amadya momwe angadye zipatso za kiwano, kotero mungathe kuzigwiritsa ntchito pokonzekera mbale zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, zakudya zopsereza, saladi ndi zamchere. Zipatso ziyenera kudulidwa mu halves ndi supuni kuti achotse thupi. Ng'ombe ikhoza kuuma ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito, monga chokongoletsera kapena mbale za mchere. Kivano ikhoza kudyedwa mwatsopano, komanso pickling ndi salting.

Kulima kiwano kuchokera kumbewu kumunda ndi kunyumba

Kuyala zinthu kungapezeke m'njira ziwiri: kugula izo mu sitolo, koma sizili zovuta kuzipeza, kapena kuzichotsa pa zipatso zakupsa, kutsuka, kuuma ndi kugwiritsira ntchito njira yowonjezera. Kukula kiwano kunyumba, tsatirani chitsanzo ichi:

1. Lembani mbewuzo bwino mu njira ya "sodium humate" kapena "epin-extra". Ayenera kutukuka, chomwe chili chofunika kumera. Izi zimatenga tsiku.
2. Mbeu yokonzedwa bwino imalangizidwa muzitsulo zosiyana ndipo mapepala ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 10 masentimita. Ikani mbeu iliyonse mu nthaka, yomwe imayenera kukhala yotayirira.
3. Bzalani mbewuzo mozama pafupifupi masentimita atatu. Miphika iyenera kuikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kwa milungu iwiri. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye mutaphimba chidebe ndi galasi kapena filimu. Nkofunika kuti musalole nthaka kuti iume ndi kupewa kuwala kwa dzuwa.
4. Pamene mphukira ikuwoneka, mutha kuchotsa galasi ndikuyembekeza kuti muzitha kuzizira mbande.

Kodi mungamange bwanji kiwano?

Mungathe kulima chomera mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena kuyembekezera nthawi yowonjezera kuti musamuke pamalo otseguka. Mutalandira mbewu zabwino kiwano ku mbewu, mukhoza kulima molingana ndi malamulo amenewa.

1. Kubzala mu wowonjezera kutentha kuyenera kuchitika mu mizere iwiri, mtunda womwe uyenera kukhala 40 cm. Pakati pa mbande mu mzere umodzi ukhale 35-40 masentimita.
2. Ngati zipatso za kiwana zakula pakhomo, ndiye kuti ndibwino kusankha malo otetezedwa ndi mphepo ndipo nkofunika kupereka malo ophika creeper. Ndi bwino kudzala mbande pafupi ndi nyumba kapena mpanda. Pankhani iyi, mtunda wokwanira pakati pa mbande ndi 50-80 masentimita.
3. Mitengo iyenera kumangirizidwa ndi twine ku vertical trellis. Monga kukula, tsinde lalikulu liyenera kupotozedwa mozungulira.

Ngati muli ndi chilakolako chokongoletsa khonde lanu kapena loggia ndi mpesa wokongola ndikupeza zipatso zokoma za kiwano, ndiye kuti kukonzekera mphamvu 5-25 malita. Malingaliro onse omwe tawatchula kale ndi ofunikira ndipo kusiyana kulipo podziwa kuti padzakhala kofunikira kuti muzitha kuyambitsa maluwa. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito swabu ya thonje, kutulutsa mungu kuchokera ku zomera zamwamuna kupita ku tsankho la maburashi. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichite ndondomeko isanakwane 12 koloko.

Kodi kudzala kivana?

Zatchulidwa kale kuti mbewuyo ndi thermophilic, popeza imachokera ku Africa, choncho kiwana silingalekerere kutentha, makamaka chisanu. Mitengo ya nkhaka ya kiwano mu wowonjezera kutentha imaloledwa kubzala pakati kapena kumapeto kwa May. Pofika kumalo otseguka, ndiye kuti tifunika kuyembekezera mpaka chisanu chidzatenthedwa ndipo chisanu chidzatha.

Mawano - kukula

Kuti mupange mpesa ndi kukolola bwino, nkofunika kuti musamalire bwino, zomwe zimaphatikizapo njira zovomerezeka zingapo: kuthirira, feteleza, kumasula ndi zina zotero. Pa kulima kiana, pamene pali nthambi zambiri, nkofunika kutsitsa mphukira pa ovary. Maluwa ndi bwino kuchotsa kwathunthu. Mazira oyambirira amafunika kuti achotsedwe masiku awiri, kuti zipatso zatsopano zikule mwamsanga. Pamene nyengo ikukula, yaniyeni zipatso ndikubzala mbewu mu kompositi .

Melon kiwano - nthaka

Pofuna zomera zonse, ubwino wa nthaka ndi wofunika kwambiri. Pali zinthu zingapo za creeper iyi:

1. Kuti chipatso cha Kiwana chikhale pafupipafupi pakhomo, m'pofunikira kudzala chomeracho pamalo otayika, chomwe chidzatulutsa mpweya wabwino ndi madzi ku mizu.
2. Mchere wosakanikirana wa nthaka ukhoza kukhala waung'ono, popeza mizu ili pafupi ndi pamwamba, wokwanira 15-20 masentimita. Kusakaniza kokhwima kumayenera kuphatikizapo kompositi yokhwima kapena humus.
3. Kuti chipatso kiwano m'munda chikhale bwino, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulch . Ngati mulch ndi organic, ndiye sikuyenera kuwonjezera feteleza nthawi ya kukula.
4. Ndikofunika kuthetseratu namsongole ndikuchotsa udzu.

Kiwano m'munda - kuthirira

Thupi la chipatso ichi ndi lofunika, choncho musalole kuti nthaka iume bwino. Kuwetsa madzi kuyenera kukhala kotere kuti nthaka yozungulira mbewuyo ikhale yonyowa, koma osati yonyowa kwambiri, chifukwa sichimakonda mathithi. Pofuna kupeza momwe mungamerekere kiwano, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nthawi zambiri ulimi wothirira umatanthawuza ulimi wothirira kawiri pa sabata. Ngati chilimwe chili chowopsa, ndiye kuti mungafunikire kuthirira kwina.

Zipatso kiwano - kuvala pamwamba

Chomera chodabwitsa chimayankha bwino kwa feteleza, chomwe chiyenera kuchitidwa nthawi zonse. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mullein kapena kulowetsedwa kwa zitsamba, kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi kapena zitosi za nkhuku. Kuti mupeze mavitamini akuluakulu a mavwende amtengo wapatali, odziwa wamaluwa amalimbikitsa njira zina zopangira mafuta ndi mchere pamwamba pake. Zomera zamchere feteleza ndizofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito. Zothandiza ndipo ndizovala zapamwamba za foliar ndi zinthu zosiyana.

Matenda a chiwindi - matenda

Chomera chodabwitsa chimatchuka chifukwa chakuti kawirikawiri sichikudwala, chifukwa chimakhala ndi malo abwino otetezera. Ngati kuli kolakwika kusamalira chomera kapena kusatsatira minda, ndiye kuti tchire tingasokonezeke ndi matenda a tizilombo, mwachitsanzo, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a nkhaka kapena kachilombo ka fodya. Nthawi zambiri, powdery mildew ndi fusarium wilt zimapezeka pa chomera cha kiwana. Ponena za tizirombo, tizilombo ting'onoting'ono tingatengeke ndi mabala oyera oyera.