Maselo amagazi amapangidwa makamaka ndi mafupa ndipo amagawidwa m'magulu atatu - erythrocytes, leukocytes ndi mapulateletti. Pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, njirayi ingasokonezedwe, yomwe imayambitsa matenda a kuchepa kwa magazi, kumene magawo onse atatu a magazi sakutha kupangidwa kapena kupangidwa mosakwanira.
Kuperewera kwa magazi m'thupi - zimayambitsa
Kawirikawiri matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha zosadziwika, pazochitika zotero amatchedwa idiopathic.
Nthawi zina, zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mafupa ndi awa:
- kutsekemera ndi zinthu zowonongeka;
- Kuwopsa kwa poizoni wamkulu mu thupi la poizoni (salts of heavy metals, arsenic);
- umoyo;
- kusintha kwa majini;
- matenda opatsirana;
- kutenga mankhwala ena (cytostatics, analgesics, mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa);
- matenda osokoneza bongo (matenda a Sjogren ).
Matenda a m'magazi - zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za matendawa kwa nthawi yaitali siziwonekera, kapena siziwoneka kuti sizichititsa chifukwa choyitanira dokotala.
Zizindikiro zikhoza kuchitika kawirikawiri ndipo sizidzatha nthawi yayitali ndikuwonjezeka pang'ono pang'onopang'ono komanso kubwerera kwa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo. Monga lamulo, iwo amadziwika ndi kusowa kwa magazi omwe alipo:
- kufooka;
- kupweteka kwa khungu;
- Kutuluka m'magazi, mphuno;
- mtima;
- ma hematomas aang'ono, kawirikawiri subcutaneous;
- mpweya wochepa ;
- chiwopsezo cha matenda opatsirana;
- mutu ndi chizungulire.
Mapulogalamu a m'magazi - matenda
Mukhoza kungodziwa bwinobwino chifukwa cha zotsatira za mayeso a mafupa. Chithunzi chake chimapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito trepanobiopsy kapena biopsy. Phunziro la minofu, limatsimikiziridwa ngati mapangidwe a maselo a magazi sakwanira kapena ngati kuwonongeka kwa maselo oyera a magazi, mapuloletti ndi erythrocytes.
Kuonjezera apo, kuperewera kwa magazi kumaphatikizapo kuyesa kwa magazi ndi kutsimikiza kwa zomwe zili m'thupi mwazigawo zitatu.
Mapuloteni otsekula m'mimba - kufalikira
Popanda chithandizo cham'tsogolo, makamaka pamene matendawa akuwoneka oopsa, chiwerengerochi sichikondweretsa - odwala amatha miyezi ingapo (3-5).
Mukalandira chithandizo choyenera, kupuma kwa magazi kumathandiza: oposa 80% odwala amapeza bwino ndikubwerera ku moyo wabwino.
Kuperewera kwa magazi m'thupi - mankhwala
Mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amatenga nthawi yaitali poyang'anira mankhwala osokoneza bongo (antimotsitarnogo kapena antilymfotsitarnogo globulin) kuphatikizapo cyclosporins. Pofuna kupeĊµa zotsatira zolakwika za ogwiritsira ntchito, mahomoni a steroid ndi owonjezera (makamaka methylprednisolone).
Kuonjezera apo, panthawi yachipatala, m'pofunika nthawi ndi nthawi kuti magazi asabwezeretsedwe. Ndifunikanso kugwiritsira ntchito zinthu zokula (granulocyte colony-stimulating factors) zomwe zimalimbikitsa
Pofuna kupewa matenda opatsirana ndi opatsirana omwe amachititsa kuti matenda a anemia, prophylaxis ndi maantibayotiki ndi mapulitsikidwe a fluconazole apitirire.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira matenda ndi kuika mafupa a mafupa kuchokera kwa wopereka wathanzi, makamaka wachibale wovomerezeka, mwachitsanzo, m'bale kapena mlongo. Kusamba bwino kumapindula kwambiri ngati wodwalayo ali wamng'ono ndipo savutika ndi matendawa kwa nthawi yayitali. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti nthawi zambiri thupi limakana fupa losasunthika, kuphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo.