Pakati pa maluwa, calceolaria imakopa chidwi ndi kuwala ndi zachilendo maluwa ake. Nthawi zambiri nyumbayi imagula munthu wamkulu kapena amakula kuchokera ku mbewu, koma amayamba kusakanizidwa.
M'nkhaniyi, muphunziranso momwe mungamerere mbande zowakanizika kunyumba, ndipo zimasamala bwanji.
Zambiri zokhudza calcilia
Mchenga wa calceolaria - chomera chomwe chimatha kufika masentimita 45. Chakuda kwambiri, masamba obiriwira ndi maluwa okongola-matumba ngati nsapato. Mlomo wapansi wa duwa ndi waukulu kwambiri kuposa pamwamba ndipo umawoneka ngati kuphulika. Zojambulajambula zonse zimakhala zokongola komanso zokongola, koma mitundu yonse imakhala yowala: chikasu, lalanje, chofiira kapena choyera. Pokhala mosamala chipinda cha calceolaria, maluwa amodzi amasiya maluwa okwana 50 omwe amasonkhana mu inflorescence. Maluwa amatha mwezi umodzi, kenako mbewuyo imalimbikitsidwa kutayidwa kunja.
Kodi kukula calceolaria ku mbewu?
Calceolaria imakula kuchokera ku mbewu chaka chilichonse chaka chonse. Pofuna kulandira maluwa kumayambiriro kwa autumn, m'pofunika kuyamba kubzala ntchito mu March, ndipo ngati mutha, mu June. M'malo mwa nthaka mugwiritse ntchito mchenga ndi peat mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 7, ndi kuwonjezera kwa 20 gr. choko kapena ufa wa dolomite kwa 1 makilogalamu. Chosakanizacho chimaphimbidwa mu chidebe ndikusakaniza pamwamba. Mbeuzo zimafesedwa kuchokera pamwamba popanda kuziyika m'nthaka ndipo zimaphimbidwa ndi chophimba, chomwe nthawi ndi nthawi chimayambitsidwa. Pofuna kumera, mpweya wa 18-20 ° C ukufunika. Pamene mbande zanyamuka, zimadulidwa ndi zofiira. Kawirikawiri amalowetsedwa m'zitsulo zokwanira (masentimita 7 cm) ndi nthaka pakhazikitsidwa tsinde la masamba, kenaka amaikidwa pafupi ndi mawindo owala. Gwiritsani ntchito nthaka: gawo 2 humus, turf, peat ndi 1 gawo la mchenga.
Pofuna kupeza maluwa mu March, m'pofunika kubzala mbewu kuyambira pa July 5 mpaka July 15, mwezi wa September, kukopera miphika (mamita 9-11 masentimita), kudula nsonga ndikusiya masamba awiri a masamba. Ndipo mu Januwale-February, kachiwiri, pewani miphika yayikulu ndi nthaka yomwe tatchulayi, yomwe imaphatikizidwa ndi zovuta zamchere fetereza (2-3 gr. Per 1 makilogalamu).
Kulima kwa calceolaria molingana ndi ndondomekoyi kudzalola kupeza maluwa pambuyo pa miyezi 8-10.
Kodi kusamalira calceolaria maluwa?
Kudziwa zenizeni za kulima ndi chitukuko kumathandiza kukonza chisamaliro chilichonse mwadongosolo. Calceolaria amafunikira izi:
- kuwala kowala bwino - kumakula bwino kumpoto, kumadzulo ndi kummawa kwa windows, kum'mwera ayenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa ndi pepala lopangidwa kapena nsalu;
- kutentha + 13-15 ° C - kutentha mbewu imafota ndipo imakula msanga;
- chinyezi cham'mimba, koma popanda kupopera mbewu - kuti achite izi, ikani maluwa pamphuno ndi madzi, kapena kuikamo mumphika, pomwe mchere umatsanuliridwa pakati pa miphika, yomwe imayambitsidwa;
- Kusamba madzi nthawi zonse (masiku 3-4), koma muyenera kufufuza kuti madziwo alibe phokoso, ndipo pakatha maluwa, kuthirira kuchepa;
- mapangidwe a chitsamba ndi pasyning; chotsani mphukira zowonongeka;
- feteleza tsiku lililonse masiku 14 ndi feteleza mchere, kuyambira pa sabata lachitatu mutatha maluwa komanso musanayambe maluwa.
- M'pofunikiranso kupopera mankhwala milungu iwiri iliyonse ndi tizilombo toiteteza ku nsabwe za m'masamba .
Calceolaria ali ndi zaka zambiri amalephera kukongoletsera, choncho chaka chilichonse amaloledwa ndi atsopano.
Ngati mukufuna, mutatha maluwa, mukhoza kudula lonse lapansi pamwamba pa chomeracho, kuziika pamalo ozizira opanda dzuwa ndi kuthirira madzi. Pamene kukula kukukula, kumasunthira ku zowunikira zenera komanso kumawonjezera kuthirira. Momwemonso calzceolaria idzaphulika miyezi iwiri isanafike nthawi yoyamba, koma khalidweli ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa adzatayika.
Kudziwa zovuta zonse za chisamaliro, n'zosavuta kukula kalceolaria yokongola, yomwe nthawi yayitali idzakhala yokongoletsa zenera.