Great Barrier Reef ndi imodzi mwa machitidwe aakulu kwambiri a miyala yamchere yamtunda yomwe imachokera kumpoto kwa Australia ku Coral Sea. Mphepete mwa nyanjayi imadutsa makilomita oposa 2.5 ndipo imakhala pafupifupi makilomita 3.5. Zili ndi mapiri 2900 ndi zilumba zina 900, zomwe zikuwoneka bwino ngakhale kuchokera kunja.
Kodi ndikutchuka bwanji kwa Great Barrier Reef?
The Great Coral Reef ndipamwamba kwambiri mapangidwe opangidwa ndi zamoyo. Amapangidwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambirimbiri - ma corps. Mwachidziwitso, mpanda uwu ndi umodzi wa zodabwitsa za dziko lapansi ndi chinthu cholowa cha dziko lonse lapansi. Mutha kufika ku khola lalikulu lothawira ku Australia ndikukwera ngalawa kapena kuthawa ndi helikopta kuchokera ku Gladstone.
Mphepete mwa nyanjayi imadutsa m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Australia, kuyambira ku tropical Capricorn ndikupita ku Torres Strait, yomwe imasiyanitsa Australia ndi New Guinea. Chapafupi ndi gombe, nyanja yamchere yamkuntho inayandikira kumpoto kwa Cape Melville. Iwo amalekanitsidwa ndi makilomita 30-50. Koma kumbali yakummwera mumakhala ming'alu yamitundu yambiri yam'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndipo m'madera ena mtunda wa m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Australia umakwera 300 km.
Ndipo ziri pano kuti zikwi za anthu osiyanasiyana zimasuntha chaka ndi chaka. Kawirikawiri, Great Barrier Reef ndi kuthawa sizingatheke. Zimakhala zovuta kufotokozera m'mawu zomwe zokongola zidzaonekera patsogolo panu ngati mutasankha kulowa mumadzi pafupi ndi zilumba za Great Barrier Reef.
Anthu okhala mu Great Barrier Reef
N'zosatheka kuti padzakhala malo ena padziko lonse lapansi kumene mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo izidzasonkhanitsidwa panthawi imodzi. Dziko lapansi lopanda pansi pa madzi silingathe kupezeka - pali zikwi zosiyana zamoyo zomwe zingakondwere ndi kukongola kwawo kokongola, zozizwitsa zogometsa, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zakufa mwamphamvu.
Kuphunzira zinyama ndi zinyama za Great Barrier Reef, asayansi ndi anthu ochita masewera okhaokha adzakhala nthawi yaitali, chifukwa dziko lapansi pansi pa madzi liri lolemera kwambiri. Pali mitundu yambiri yamakorale - oposa 400. Zonsezi zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana, mitundu ndi mithunzi, kukumbukira munda wamatsenga. Mitundu yowoneka bwino kwambiri pano ndi yalanje, yofiira mumithunzi yosiyana, yachikasu, yoyera, yofiira, ndipo nthawizina mumatha kupeza miyala yamchere ndi yamitundu yofiira.
M'njira yaikuluyi yamchere yamchere, mitundu yoposa 1,500 ya nsomba za m'nyanja, mitundu 30 ya mahatchi ndi a dolphin, mitundu 125 ya sharki ndi miyezi, ndipo mitundu 14 ya njoka yapeza malo okhala. Ndipo izi sizikutchulidwa ponena za mitundu 1,300 ya mtundu wa crustaceans, mitundu 5,000 ya mollusk ndipo, ndithudi, mitundu 6 ya mamba. Nkhondo za Great Barrier Reef - izi ndizopadera kwambiri, mutangoziwona, mudzakumbukira moyo wanu wonse.
Komanso, mitundu yoposa 200 ya mbalame imapita kumapiri. Pano iwo amapeza mikhalidwe yabwino kuti akhalepo.
Kuopseza kwa miyala yamchere yamchere
Ndi kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa alendo, phindu lalikulu lachuma likubwera pano, koma palinso mbali zolakwika pazochita zoterezi. Kulowa nthawi zonse mu moyo wa miyala yamchere yamchere ya anthu kumabweretsa chiwonongeko chosapeĊµika cha zovuta zonse.
Pokumbukira zotsatira zovuta izi, boma la dziko linatenga zofunikira zingapo pofuna kuchepetsa kuwononga zachilengedwe, komabe n'zosatheka kuletsa kuvulaza kwa munthu.
Koma kuwonjezera pa chikoka cha anthu pamphepete mwa nyanja, zoopseza zimaopsezedwa ndi chikhalidwe chokha. Mwachitsanzo, kufalikira kumapangitsa kufa kwa miyala yamchere. Ndipo chodabwitsa ichi chimayambitsidwa ndi kutenthedwa kwa madzi kwa madzi a World Ocean.
Kuphatikiza apo, Great Barrier Reef amachititsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mphepo yamkuntho. Komabe, mdani wofunika kwambiri pa nyanjayi ndi starfish yomwe imatchedwa "korona waminga", yomwe imatha kufika masentimita 50 ndikudyetsa mapuloteni a coral.
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