Pofuna kupirira ndi kubereka mwana wathanzi, amayi nthawi zambiri amadzifunsa momwe angakonzekere mimba. Tiyeni tilingalire njirayi mwatsatanetsatane, pofotokozera mfundo zazikulu, mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, magawo a kukonzekera.
Kukonzekera Pregravid kwa mimba - ndi chiyani?
Mawu akuti "pregravidar kukonzekera" amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza ndondomeko yowonetsera kuti thupi liziyenda bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuyambira. Tsatanetsatane inapangidwa mwa kuphatikiza zigawo ziwiri zokha: "pre" - yapitayi, ndi Latin "gravida" - yemimba. Ndondomeko yokhayo ili ndi magawo angapo, omwe akatswiri akukonzekera za kulera adanena kuti:
- kutanthauzira mawu oyenera kulera ;
- kuyesa za chikhalidwe cha thanzi la makolo amtsogolo;
- kukonzekera kubereka kumeneku;
- Kutsimikiza kwa masiku abwino kwambiri kuti abereke dzira .
Pofotokoza za kukonzekera kutenga mimba, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuyamba ntchitoyo pasanathe miyezi isanu ndi umodzi isanakwane tsiku lokonzekera kuti abereke. Nthawiyi ndi kofunika kuti muwone bwinobwino maukwati awiri, kuchiza matenda opatsirana komanso opweteka kwambiri m'thupi. Nthawi yomweyo amatha kulepheretsa kubadwa kwa mwana wathanzi.
Kukonzekera mimba - kumayambira pati?
Kukonzekera kwa thupi kuti pakhale mimba kuyenera kuyambika ndi ziwalo zowunika kwambiri. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, chidwi chachikulu chimaperekedwa kwa boma la njira yobereka, mayi ndi abambo amtsogolo. Kuonjezera apo, mayeso odziteteza a akatswiri monga:
- wotchedwa endocrinologist;
- katswiri wa zamoyo;
- oculist;
- kachipatala;
- dokotala wa mano.
Pa nthawi yomweyi, makolo am'tsogolo amayesa mayesero omwe amasonyeza momwe ntchito ndi kayendetsedwe ka mkati zimakhalira.
- mayeso a magazi (onse ndi biochemistry);
- kukonza;
- kutsimikiza kwa mlingo wa mahomoni;
- nthenda ya urethra ndi umaliseche (kwa akazi);
- kuphunzira za magazi kwa syphilis ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji mimba m'maganizo?
Atsikana achichepere omwe amakonzekera kukhala amayi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chidwi ndi yankho la momwe angakonzekerere kukhala ndi mimba, kuti adzikonzekerere kuti azikhala ndi nthawi yayitali. Akatswiri a zamaganizo amalingalira mwachindunji kuchokera m'maganizo, zikhulupiliro za amayi zimadalira nthawi yomwe ali ndi mimba. Zinthu zofunikira ndi izi:
- Kuchepetsa mikhalidwe yovuta. Mkazi wosachepera amakumana ndi zovuta komanso zovuta, amakhala ndi thanzi labwino, lomwe silingatheke koma likuwonetseredwa mu dongosolo la kubereka. Chimake chokhala ndi mahomoni ndizomwe zimayambira mwamsanga.
- Kuchepetsa nkhaŵa za m'tsogolo. Mayi ayenera kutonthozedwa ndi chisangalalo poyang'ana zolinga zake, zamtsogolo. Zamoyo zimakonzedwanso mwanjira yoti sizilekerera kusintha kwakukulu komwe kumafuna kusintha kwa thupi, kusintha kwa njira ndi dongosolo la tsikulo. Chifukwa chaichi, m'pofunika kuchepetsa kusintha kwa mtsogolo m'malingaliro anu, kuyamba kuyambanso kusinthika m'tsogolomu.
Mavitamini okhudzana ndi mimba
Kukonzekera kumbuyo kwa mimba kumatengera kumwa mankhwala ndi mankhwala kuti athandize njira yobereka. Malo apadera pakati pa mankhwala amenewa amakhala ndi mavitamini osiyanasiyana. Kulandila kwa madokotala awo akulimbikitsidwa kuti ayambe miyezi 3-6 isanakwane pokonzekera kutenga pakati. Vitamini oyenera ndi folic acid.
Izi zimakhudza kwambiri njira zobereka, zimathandizira kubereka mwana wathanzi. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kudya 400 μg wa folic acid maola 24 aliwonse. Chilolezo chikupitirira ndipo patangotha kumene kutenga mimba, mpaka masabata 12 kuphatikizapo. Kuwonjezera pa folic acid, mavitamini otsatirawa ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa amayi amtsogolo:
- E-chofunika tsiku lililonse cha 100-300 IU;
- vitamini D - 400 IU patsiku;
- K - 1 mg;
- vitamini A - 3000 IU;
- C - 60 mg.
Kukonzekera koyambirira-Mankhwala osokoneza bongo
Folic acid pokonzekera mimba sikuti ndi vitamini okha omwe amafunikira thupi. Makamaka kwa amayi apamtsogolo, makonzedwe ovuta a mavitamini apangidwa, omwe amalingalira zofunikira za tsiku ndi tsiku. Amakhala ndi mavitamini oyenera komanso amatsanzira zinthu. Izi zimathetsa kufunika kwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Mwa njira zambiri:
- Alfabeti kwa amayi apakati;
- Bio-max;
- Vitram Prenatal ;
- Gendevit dragees;
- Complivit Kutsitsa 1;
- Materna;
- Selmevit;
- Femibion;
- Limodzi;
- Miyezi 9.
Kukonzekera kutenga mimba - mayesero
Pofuna kukonzekera bwino mimba komanso kusaphonya nthawi yofunikira, mayi ayenera kuyankhulana pakati pa kukonza mimba. Izi zimagwira ntchito m'mizinda ikuluikulu. Ngati palibe, mayi yemwe akufuna kukhala mayi akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kufunsa kwa amayi komwe amakhala. Kafukufuku amayamba ndi kuyendera kwa amai a zazimayi ndi kukayesa pa mpando. Pa nthawi yomweyo, smear amasonkhanitsidwa pa microflora kuchokera ku vagin ndi urethra kuti awulule matenda aakulu mu njira yobereka ndi matenda. Mkazi akufufuzidwa pa:
- ureaplasmas ;
- chlamydia;
- mycoplasma.
Mwachindunji tizilombo ta tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi zambiri timalephera kukhala ndi pakati. Ndiye mtsikanayo wapatsidwa malangizo oti afufuze:
- magazi wamba;
- biochemistry;
- kuyambitsa mkodzo.
Mofananamo, gulu la magazi ndi Rh chigwiritsidwe ntchito kuti zisaphatikize mavuto monga Rh-nkhondo. Maphunziro ena ovomerezeka asanayambe kukonzekera kutenga pakati ndi awa:
- kusanthula kwa chiwindi;
- kufufuza pa syphilis (RW);
- kusanthula kwa toxoplasmosis;
- kusanthula cytomegalovirus;
- kuphunzira pa rubella.
Kukonzekera mimba - chakudya
Chakudya chofunikira kwambiri mwana asanabadwe ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zingathandize kuti mimba ikhale yabwino. Kotero madokotala akulangiza miyezi itatu isanayambike kuti ntchitoyi isachotseretu mankhwala omwe ali ndi zowonjezera, zowonjezera zowonjezera. Chakudya chamadzulo, mbale zowonjezera mafuta, salting, kusuta fodya ayenera kuchotsedwa patebulo. Zimakhala zovuta kukumba, pali zinthu zina zopanda ntchito. Mu zakudya za reproductologists akulangizidwa kuti aziphatikizapo:
- masamba;
- chipatso;
- mkaka;
- nsomba;
- nyama zonenepa.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji mimba pambuyo pa zaka 40?
Poyankha funso la mayi wokhudzana ndi kukonzekera mimba panthawiyi, madokotala amanena kuti kuvomereza nokha sikofunika. Kuopa madotolo kumagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa zaka zomwe zimakhudza zobereka. Akazi omwe asankha kukhala ndi mwana, madokotala amalimbikitsa kafukufuku wamkulu wa ma laboratory.
Kuphatikiza pa maphunziro apamwamba, smears, musanayambe kukonzekera kutenga mimba, ndibwino kuti muyang'ane ndi malo obadwa nawo. Pambuyo pa zaka 40, mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta zowonongeka ndi matenda opatsirana m'mimba mwa mwanayo amakula kwambiri. Atalandira yankho la katswiriyo, kuvomereza kwake, mayi wamtsogolo angakonzekere kutenga pakati. Ngati dokotala akuyankhula kuti ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi vutoli, m'pofunika kupewa mimba.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji mimba pambuyo pokumana molimbika?
Polimbana ndi kukula kwa ubwana, pofuna kupewa kupezeka kwa mavuto, mkaziyo akufunitsitsa kukonzekera kutenga mimba nthawi yotsatira. Mfundo zazikuluzikuluzi:
- kuzindikiritsa chomwe chinayambitsa kuphwanya;
- mayeso a mahomoni;
- Kuchokera kumaliseche kwa matenda;
- Ultrasound ya ziwalo zamimba;
- kufufuza zamoyo;
- kuthetsa chinthu chomwe chinachititsa kuti fading.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji mimba mutapita padera?
Pokhala ndi chidwi ndi dokotala zokhudza momwe angakonzekere mimba atachotsa mimba, mayi nthawi zambiri amalandira zotsatila za kufunikira kotetezedwa. Pasanathe miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, asayansi samalangiza kupanga mimba yatsopano. Nthawi yochuluka yowonjezera yowonzanso kwathunthu njira yoberekera ku chikhalidwe chake. Pa nthawi ino, maphunziro akuchitidwa kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa kupititsa padera komanso kuthetsa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa. Pofotokoza za kukonzekera kubereka kachiwiri, madokotala amasonyeza kufunikira kwa ntchito zotsatirazi:
- chiwonongeko;
- kuyembekezera mwazi kuti zithetse;
- kuwona mlingo wa hCG m'magazi;
- kusanthula ma antibodies;
- phunziro la karyotype;
- Ultrasound ya pelvis yaing'ono;
- kuyesa magazi kwa mahomoni: T3 ndi T4.