Kodi thanzi ndi chiyani kuti ndizisunga kwa zaka zambiri?

Thanzi ndilofunika kwambiri kwa munthu, koma malinga ngati silingalephereke, anthu samaziganizira kawirikawiri. Kuyamba kuteteza thanzi kumatsatabe pamene ndi: kupewa kupepesa, ndi kumamatira kumalimbikitsa.

Kodi chidziwitso cha thanzi ndi chiyani?

Tayang'anani momwe thanzi liriri, lasintha nthawi. Kotero, mu zaka za zana la 11 BC. Dokotala Galen anafotokoza kuti thanzi ndilopanda kupweteka, ndipo zimathandiza kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yodalirika. Kuchokera kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri ndi makumi awiri, maganizo okhudza thanzi adasintha kwambiri, akufutukuka ndi kuwonjezeka. Tanthauzo la thanzi la WHO limasonyeza kuti thanzi limaphatikizapo zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi moyo wabwino, waumoyo ndi waumoyo.

Asayansi ena, kulingalira za thanzi labwino, amaika mu lingaliro ili ndikukhala ndi mphamvu za thupi. Momwe thupi limakhudzidwira mosavuta ndi kusintha kwa chilengedwe, limasinthasintha, limamenyana ndi mankhwala owopsa, amphamvu ndi thanzi. Zosungiramo zomwe zilipo zimaphatikizapo kupirira kupirira kwa nthawi yaitali thupi ndi maganizo.

Thupi la thanzi

Kukhala ndi thanzi la thupi ndi thupi la thupi lomwe ziwalo zonse ndi ziwalo za ziwalo zimagwira bwino ntchito. Thanzi labwino la thupi limamuthandiza munthu kugwira ntchito zake zonse, kuchita bizinesi ndi kupumula. Kufotokozera zigawo zokhudzana ndi thanzi lathu ndizo zigawo zikuluzikulu:

• mlingo wa kukula kwa thupi;
• zaka zamatomu komanso zamakhalidwe;
• mlingo wa thupi labwino;
• Kukhalapo kapena kupezeka kwa matenda mu mawonekedwe ovuta kapena osatha;
• zofooka zathupi.

Matenda a Maganizo

Funso, lingaliro laumoyo, lingakhoze kuwonedwa kuchokera mbali ziwiri:

1. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a maganizo, thanzi laumphawi ndi kusalakwitsa kwa malingaliro ndi zoperewera za chitukuko chaumwini.
2. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a psychology, ndi boma lomwe limakulolani kuti muzindikiritse luso lanu, kutsimikizira nokha ngati munthu, kukhala ndi chiyembekezo chabwino pa moyo, kuyesetsa ndikukwanilitsa zolinga zanu, kugwirizana bwino ndi anthu oyandikana nawo ndi kukhala membala wothandiza anthu.

Miyezo ya thanzi

Mu maphunziro azachipatala ndi zachikhalidwe, magulu angapo a thanzi amasiyanitsa:

• umoyo wa munthu payekha, umene amamvetsa bwino za thanzi la munthu;
• chikhalidwe cha m'deralo - umoyo wa anthu a chigawo chimodzi cholamulira;
• gulu la thanzi - thanzi la anthu osankhidwa kapena azisankho;
• umoyo waumphawi - boma la thanzi lathu lonse lathunthu.

Zizindikiro zaumoyo

Zizindikiro zazikulu za umoyo zimaphatikizapo zinthu ngati izi:

• Zachibadwa : zimaphatikizapo genotype, kusowa kwa dysembryogenesis ndi zolakwika zomwe tinalandira;
• morphological : mlingo wa kukula kwa thupi ndi mtundu wa malamulo;
• biochemical : mlingo wa zizindikiro za madzi ndi zinyama;
• kuchipatala , kulankhula za kukhalapo kapena kupezeka kwa matenda;
• kachakudya : kuchuluka kwa njira zamagetsi;
• ntchito : gulu ili limaphatikizapo zonse zomwe zimakhala bwino komanso momwe zimakhalira, komanso malo osungirako zamoyo ndi mawonekedwe ogwira ntchito;
• malingaliro , kuphatikizapo maganizo-amphamvu-okonda ndi kuzindikira, mtundu wa GNI ndi chikhalidwe;
• chikhalidwe chauzimu : makhalidwe abwino ndi zolinga za munthu, zosowa ndi zikhumbo.

Zizindikiro za umoyo waumunthu

Zolinga zokhudzana ndi thanzi laumunthu zikuphatikizapo miyeso 12:

1. Kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kuthamanga kwakukulu ndi 110/70 mm Hg. Art. Zina mwazinthu zimanena kuti ndi ukalamba, kupanikizika kungapitirire kufika 120-130 mm Hg. komanso kuti kuwonjezeka kotereku ndikochitika. Lingaliro limeneli lingatchedwe kumveka, popeza kwenikweni kuwonjezeka kwa chipsyinjo ndi chifukwa cha matenda komanso khalidwe labwino.
2. Kuthamanga kwa mtima (mpweya wa mtima) pa mpumulo. Mtengo ndi masentimita 60 pa mphindi.
3. Kusuntha kokwiya. Mu miniti pasakhale 16 kupuma.
4. Kutentha kwa thupi. Munthu wathanzi ali ndi kutentha kwa thupi kwa 36.60 С.
5. Hemoglobin. Kwa amayi, chiwerengero cha hemoglobini ndi 120 mg / l, komanso kwa amuna - 130 mg / l. Kugwa kwa chizindikiro ichi kumabweretsa kusintha kosasintha mu deta ya magawo ena.
6. Bilirubin. Kawirikawiri chiwerengerochi ndi 21 μmol / l. Amasonyeza momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito bwino ndi kukonza maselo ofiira a m'magazi.
7. Mtsinje. Tsiku lililonse, lita imodzi ya mkodzo imatulutsidwa kuchokera ku thupi la munthu ndi mphamvu ya 1020 ndi acidity ya 5.5.
8. Chiwerengero cha kutalika ndi kulemera. Mndandandawu ukuwerengedwera kuchokera pa matebulo pochotsa zolemera za thupi kuchokera ku kukula.
9. Shuga m'magazi. Mtengo wamba ndi 5.5 mlol / l.
10. PH ya magazi. Makhalidwe amaonedwa kuti ndi ofanana ndi 7.32-7.42. Deta pansipa 6.8 ndi pamwamba pa 7.8 ndi zakupha.
11. Leukocytes. Mu munthu wathanzi, chiwerengero cha leukocyte chidzakhala 4.5 zikwi zisanu ndi zitatu. Ziwerengero zapamwamba zimasonyeza kukhalapo kwa kutupa.
12. Cholesterol. Mbewu ya cholesterol yeniyeni siyimayenera kupitirira 200 mg / dl. Mndandanda wa 239 mg / dl ndiwotheka kwambiri.

Zizindikiro za umoyo wa anthu

Thanzi labwino limasonyeza momwe anthu amakhalira ndi thanzi labwino komanso amasonyeza zochitika zake zowonjezera. Zikuphatikizapo zinthu izi:

1. Chiwerengero cha mbeu. Zimaphatikizapo chiwerengero cha kubadwa pachaka kwa anthu zikwi. Chizindikiro chachikulu ndi kubadwa kwa ana 20-30.
2. Kufa kwa anthu. Kawirikawiri mlingo wa imfa ndi 15-16 imfa pa chaka kwa anthu zikwi. Ngati imfa ndi zaka zimaonedwa ngati zachilendo, imfa ya makanda imatengedwa ngati matenda ndipo imasonyeza chisangalalo cha anthu. Imfa yochepa ya ana makanda ali ndi ana osakwana 15 pa chaka pa ana 1000 alionse, oposa 60.
3. Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha anthu kumasonyeza kusiyanitsa pakati pa chiwerengero cha ana obadwa ndi chiwerengero cha anthu omwe anamwalira.
4. Avereji yachiyembekezo cha moyo. Chizindikiro chabwino ndi zaka 65-75, zosakhutira zaka 40-50.
5. Chiwerengero cha ukalamba wa anthu amtunduwu chiwerengedwera kusiyana pakati pa chiwerengero cha anthu osapitirira 60 ndi 60. Chizindikiro chosauka ndi chiwerengero choposa 20, ndipo chizindikiro chabwino chilibechepera zisanu.
6. Kusinthana kwa kayendedwe ka anthu kumawonetsera kuchuluka kwa kusamuka.
7. Kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero.
8. Chizindikiro cha kukhala wolemala komanso wolemala.
9. Chizindikiro cha kukula kwa thupi chimadalira mtundu, nyengo ndi malo okhala.

Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza umoyo waumunthu

Thanzi la munthu limadalira zochitika zingapo, kotero kudziŵa zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu akhale ndi thanzi labwino, komanso zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino, zingathandize aliyense m'bungwe kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Zonse zomwe zimakhudza thanzi la munthu zingagawidwe m'magulu awa:

• njira ya moyo;
• chilengedwe;
• zochitika za chikhalidwe ndi zachuma;
• boma la chilengedwe;
• kupezeka kwa chithandizo chamankhwala.

Zomwe zikuthandizira pa chitukuko cha thanzi

Pofufuza momwe angatetezere thanzi laumunthu, madokotala anazindikira zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Zakudya zomveka komanso zakudya. Mankhwala ayenera kukhala osiyana, oyenerera, ndipo chakudya chiyenera kutengedwa malinga ndi boma.
2. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi.
3. Kupumula kwathunthu, tulo tathanzi.
4. Ukhondo waumwini, nyumba zoyera.
5. Njira zovuta.
6. Chikhalidwe chabwino cha chilengedwe. Ngakhale chilengedwe sichidalira munthu aliyense, komabe wina ayenera kusankha zigawo zambiri za moyo.
7. Chiyembekezo ndi dongosolo lamphamvu la mitsempha. Kuchokera nthawi zakale, zimadziwika kuti boma la dongosolo la mitsempha likuwonetseratu za thanzi labwino.

Zinthu zomwe zimawononga thanzi

Kusinkhasinkha pa zomwe thanzi liri, silokwanira popanda kusanthula zomwe ziri ndi zotsatira zoipa pa chikhalidwe chake. Ngati mumaganizira zomwe zimavulaza thanzi, ndipo yesetsani kuzipewa, mutha kukweza moyo wanu ndikudziona kuti ndinu munthu wosangalala. Zomwe zimayambitsa kuvulaza ndizo:

1. Zizolowezi zoipa: kugwiritsa ntchito mowa, kusuta fodya, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
2. Chakudya cholakwika. Kuwonjezeka kwa gawo la zakudya ndi zopangidwa ndi mafuta mu menyu ndipo kuchepa kwa gawo la zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba kumabweretsa kulemera, kuchepetsa chitetezo chokwanira, kutaya kwa vitamini ndi kusowa mu thupi la mchere.
3. Hypodinamy. Chaka chilichonse pamakhala kuchepa kwa anthu, zomwe zimachititsa kuti thupi likhale lofooka komanso matenda ambiri.
4. Zimasokoneza ndi zochitika.

Chitetezo cha thanzi

Chikhalidwe chabwino ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo za dziko lopambana. Thanzi la nzika limapereka chitetezo ndi chitetezo cha thanzi labwino. Zaumoyo ndizophatikizapo njira zandale, zachikhalidwe, zachipatala, chikhalidwe, zachuma ndi zaukhondo zomwe zimayesetseratu kukonzanso thanzi la munthu aliyense. Zotsatirazi ndizopulumutsa thanzi, kuchiza nzika komanso kupewa. Umoyo wa ana ndi umoyo wa amayi ndizofunika kwambiri pazithandizo zaumoyo.