Ukazi ndi kumasulidwa - ndi malingaliro otani, ali osiyana bwanji, ndipo ali ndi chiyanjano chotani, ndipo alipo? Njira yomwe chikhalidwe ndi maubwenzi pakati pa anthu amitundu yosiyana adasinthika lero zapangidwa ndi mbiri ya dziko lonse lapansi. Lingaliro, lomwe linatchulidwa kale kuti kusalinganizana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi kumachokera ku kugonjera kwa akazi kwa amuna, kunabweretsa chochitika monga kumasulidwa. Za izi mwatsatanetsatane ndi kuyankhula.
France
Kuwonekera kwa kayendetsedwe ka amayi kuti amasulidwe ku kuponderezedwa, kudalira kulikonse komwe kulipo kumachokera ku dziko la France lakutali komanso lodzikonda. Mu 1830, pofika pa July Revolution, mawu akuti "emmancipation de la femme" anawonekera. Pakati pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa ufulu, mabungwe apadera a amayi adakhazikitsidwa, pamene otsogolerawo ankateteza ufulu wawo m'mipingo yapadera. Atsogoleri a gulu la amayiwa adaperekanso akazi kuti azivala zovala za amuna kuti athetse kusiyana kwa amuna ndi akazi. Powonetsera chimodzimodzi, akazi omwe ali ndi mathalauza amatsiriza kukwiyitsa amunawo, zomwe zinayambitsa chisankho choletsera akazi omwe ali ndi ufulu wokhala nawo pamisonkhano. Posakhalitsa, mabungwe a akazi adatsekedwa. Zingawonekere, kunali kofunika kuthetsa mantha, koma a Frenchwomen adaganiza kupitiliza nkhondoyi.
Akazi atapatsidwa ufulu komanso "ufulu wovota" iwo adafuna ufulu wotsatizana. M'tsogolomu, tingaganize kuti kumasulidwa kumabweretsa lingaliro lakuti "chikazi". Ngati njira yowomboledwa imaphatikizapo kumasulidwa ku kuponderezana ndi kudalira, ndiye chikazi ndi gulu logwirizana ndi zandale zomwe cholinga chake ndi kupereka amayi ufulu wochuluka. Iyi ndi nkhani.
Russian Federation
Pambuyo pake, kayendetsedwe ka ufulu ndi ufulu wa amayi adalimbikitsa Russia kukhalapo. Kupanduka kwa 1917 kunali chochitika chachikulu kwambiri chomasula akazi a ku Russia. Chochitika cha nkhondo ya Bolshevik chimasonyeza chitsanzo chothandiza chogonjetsa kuponderezedwa kwa oimira "kugonana" kochepa. Kupititsa patsogolo mafakitale a anthu kudasintha kwambiri maganizo pa banja komanso chidziwitso cha akazi achi Russia.
Mchitidwe wakale wa zachuma wa banja unakhazikitsidwa, choyamba, popanga phindu la banja. Azimayi akhala moyo wawo m'nyumba. Anthu okha omwe adayenera kulankhulana anali banja. Komabe, m'tsogolo makinawa amapangitsa kuti pakhale zokolola zapakhomo pawokha, motero amaikakamiza akazi kufunafuna ntchito kunja kwa nyumba. Pano iwo amayamba kuzindikira ndi kumverera dera lonse la kuponderezana, lomwe silinamveke m'banja. Chowonadi chikuwululidwa pa kukhalapo kwa mndandanda waung'ono wa ufulu kuposa amuna. Zonsezi zimawapangitsa kuyesetsa kuteteza zofuna zawo. Tiyenera kuzindikiranso kuti apambana.
Tiyeni tiwone zotsatira
Zotsatira za kumasulidwa ndi zabwino komanso zoipa. Tiyeni tipeze ngati "tapambana" kapena "otayika" pankhondoyi. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi zabwino:
- mkaziyo anasiya kukhala "chinthu" chimene mwamuna angakhoze kutaya pa nzeru zake;
- tsopano tili ndi ufulu wopeza maphunziro apamwamba;
- timaloledwa kukhala ndi malingaliro athu omwe ndi ufulu wovota;
- theka labwino la umunthu ali ndi ufulu kukhala ndi ntchito;
- pali mwayi wokwaniritsa malo ena.
Tsopano zachisoni:
- Amuna adapeza kuti amayi sanagonjetse ufulu wawo koma ntchito yawo yogwira ntchito, choncho adaganiza zobwereranso ku udindo ndi maudindo awo;
- Ufulu wapamwamba ndi mphamvu ya oimira gawo labwino la umunthu zinapangitsa kufooka kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha;
- kuvuta kwa ubale pakati pa mwamuna ndi mkazi chifukwa cha kuphwanya mfundo yowonjezera;
- Ntchito yolimbika inagwera pa "mapewa" osalimba. Ndipo iwo amakokera nkhuni, ndi kukoka ogona;
- amayi adayamba kuchitidwa chiwerewere, kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, uchidakwa, ndi chiwerengero cha mimba.
Monga mukudziwira, zonse zili bwino moyenera. Zonsezo ndizo "zodabwitsa" zodabwitsa. Ndipo zinachitikira poti amasulidwa, atangopitirira pang'ono.