Pali njira zingapo zowunikira chifuwa chachikulu - mayeso a Mantoux, mayesero a Pirke, kuwunika kwa mfuti ndi ena. Chifuwa chachikulu cha mapapo ndi chophweka kwambiri kuti chidziwike pa maziko a fluorography. Mwatsoka, zochuluka za mayesowa nthawi zambiri zimapereka zotsatira zabodza komanso zabodza, zomwe zimafuna kutsimikizira kwina. Ndi chifukwa chake kuyezetsa mwazi kwa chifuwa chachikulu kukufalikira - njira iyi ili ndi zochepa zolakwika.
Kodi kuyesa magazi ndi kotheka bwanji chifukwa cha chifuwa cha TB?
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa momwe magazi angathandizire chifuwa chachikulu, akhoza kunena mosakayika kuti mayesero onse oyenera a labotale adzakhala othandiza. Lembani mayeso a magazi osadziŵa kuti alipo a Koch bacillus, kapena mycobacteria ina yomwe imayambitsa chifuwa chachikulu, imathandiza kufufuza thanzi la wodwalayo. Makamaka bwino amasonyeza kuthekera kwa chitetezo choteteza matenda. Kusintha kwa kusanthula magazi mu chifuwa chachikulu kumakhudza kwambiri mtundu wa lekocyte ndi mlingo wa sederyation wa erythrocytes, ESR. Ngati zizindikiro zikuwoneka ngati akudandaula ndi dokotala, apereka maphunziro ena, monga:
- kusanthula kamadzi;
- bronchoscopy ;
- chiwonetsero ;
- mayeso a tuberculin.
Kufufuza kosatha sikungakhale koyenera ngati munthu wapatsidwa katemera wa BCG. Ndicho chifukwa chake matenda a chifuwa chachikulu akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti awonetse magazi, omwe amasonyeza ma antibodies kwa mycobacteria ya chifuwa chachikulu, MBT. Pafupipafupi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kafukufuku imagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- mayeso a quinthyferon a chifuwa chachikulu;
- malingaliro;
- Mayeso a SP-T;
- polymerase chain anachita.
Ubwino wa matenda a chifuwa cha m'magazi ndi kusanthula magazi
Dzina la kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa chifuwa chachikulu chikuwonekera momveka bwino pa phunziroli. Mayeso ovomerezekawa amachokera ku kuzindikira kwa interferon zomwe zimachitika m'magazi mumagazi, ndiko kuti, zimayambitsa ma antibodies. Maphunzirowa ndi olondola, koma sangagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mafupa, mapapo, kapena ziwalo zina zimakhudzidwa.
Kusanthula kwadzidzidzi kumatchulidwanso m'magazi a antigen a magazi, mavitamini opangidwa ndi chitetezo cha chitetezo. Mofanana, phunzirolo likuwonetsa chiŵerengero cha ma molekyulu osiyanasiyana ndi chiyero-choyimira chigawo cha magazi, chomwe chimapangitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa chidziwitso chomaliza.
Mayeso a T-SPOT ndi othamanga kwambiri. Kusanthula kumachokera pa kuwerengera kwa maselo T m'magazi. Maselo amenewa amatsegulidwa ndi antigen kwa MBT. Mayesowa amalola kuti awulule mawonekedwe onse otseguka ndi otsekedwa a matendawa, ndi zenizeni ndi 95%.
Mapuloteni otchedwa Polymerase, kapena PCR, ndi njira yodziyesera yogwiritsira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zigawo zina za DNA m'magazi. Ichi ndi phunziro lovuta, koma kulondola kwake ndilokulu kwambiri.
Pano pali ubwino waukulu wopezera chifuwa chachikulu kuchokera ku magazi:
- Kukhoza kuwerengera mtundu uliwonse wa matendawa mu maola angapo;
- palibe chifukwa chokhazikitsanso;
- zotsatira zochepa za zotsatira zabwino zabodza komanso zabodza;
- kulondola kozama kwa phunzirolo.