Makhalidwe abwino pa maganizo ndi nzeru za anthu

Makhalidwe abwino ndi amodzi mwa malingaliro osiyanasiyana omwe apeza ntchito zosiyanasiyana masayansi. Magulu amodzimodzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama m'maganizo ndipo ndizofotokozera njira zogwirizanirana ndi chithandizo cha makasitomala mu mapulogalamu a neurolinguistic (NLP).

Kodi chikhalidwe ndi chiyani?

Makhalidwe abwino ndi (chikhalidwe cha Latin modus - njira, chiyeso) - momwe amachitira kapena chiyanjano, chowonetsedwa. Makhalidwe abwino - mawu omwe poyamba anagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zinenero za Charles Bally ndipo adatanthauzira kudziyesa (mawonekedwe) poyerekezera ndi chidziwitso (mawu, malemba, mawu). Pambuyo pake, lingaliro la chikhalidwe linayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'maganizo pofuna kufotokozera magawo a dongosolo la umunthu komanso nzeru za anthu monga chisonyezero cha njira, kukhala zozizwitsa. Makhalidwe abwino amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'madera monga:

1. Mapulogalamu a ma kompyuta - mawonekedwe a mawindo ambiri, pomwe wina wa mawindo ali pakati, umagwiritsa ntchito wosuta.
2. Nyimbo - imagwiritsira ntchito modal scale, kuchokera kumalo ena omwe amapangidwa.
3. Socialology. Mu chikhalidwe cha anthu a anthu - munthu wamba kapena umunthu wamakhalidwe abwino, uwu ndi mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri mu gulu lapatsidwa.

Makhalidwe abwino mufilosofi

Mtundu wa kukhala wokhudzana ndi zovuta. Kodi chikhalidwe chikutanthauzanji mu filosofi? Nkhaniyi inakambidwa ndi pulofesa wa Russia wa filosofi MN. Epstein. M'ntchito yake "Thefilosofi ya zotheka. Makhalidwe oganiza ndi chikhalidwe "wasayansi akufuna kupatulira njira zitatu, malinga ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zinenero:

1. Kuwonekera (kukhala) - "akhoza" ndi "kukhala." Awa ndi madigiri osiyana pokhudzana ndi kukhala (mwina mwina nkuchitika, kapena sangathe ndipo sizidzachitika).
2. Zowonongeka - zowonjezera mphamvu: "akhoza" - "sangathe" (sangathe kudya, sangathe kumwa, sangathe kusewera chida)
3. Kuzindikira (kumvetsa) - kumapangidwira ndi "zitha" komanso "kudziwa". Oweruza achigiriki akale a chi Greek: Socrates "Ndikudziwa kuti sindidziwa kanthu" ndipo Plato "Ndikudziwa zomwe sindinadziwe (sakudziwa)" zikuwonetseratu chidziwitso cha chidziwitso cha filosofi.

Makhalidwe abwino mu Psychology

Njira yowimira anthu imayimilidwa ndi njira zowonetsera kapena zovomerezeka zomveka. Makhalidwe apamtima mu maganizo ndi khalidwe lodziwika bwino lomwe limagwirizanitsa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwazodziwitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ziwalo zina zomveka. Mu mapulogalamu a neurolinguistic (NLP) - kutanthauzira kwa kutsogoleredwa kwa munthu ndi gawo lofunikira kuti apereke uthenga wabwino kwa chithandizo.

Makhalidwe abwino

Pali njira zotsatirazi zoganizira:

• malingaliro omveka (maganizo opangira);
• Kachikondi (kugwira, kusuntha mumlengalenga, zovuta );
• zofufuza;
• zooneka (zooneka).

Mkhalidwe wa zowawa

Zamoyo zonse m'chilengedwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu. Mchitidwe wokhudzidwa m'maganizo ndikutenga chidziwitso kuchokera kwa anthu akunja kupyolera mwa analyzers ofunika:

• kuona (mtundu ndi kuwala);
• kumva (kuthamanga kwa mafunde);
• kuthandizira (kuthamanga, kutentha, kutentha, kupweteka);
• fungo (fungo);
• kulawa (khalidwe la chakudya).

Munthu aliyense ndi wapadera, koma pali zigawo zowonjezera zomwe zimapereka munthu pa gulu linalake kapena khalidwe lofotokozera. Akatswiri a zamaganizo, atachita maphunziro angapo, adapeza kuti munthu aliyense ali ndi dongosolo lotsogolera, lomwe linapangitsa kuti apeze:

1. Mauthenga - zowonjezera zowonjezereka zimayesedwa bwino ndi analyzers ofunika. Munthu wotero nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "Ndamva kuti ...", "zimamveka kuyesa / zochititsa chidwi", "zimadula makutu", "Sindifuna ngakhale kumvetsera!".
2. Kuwonetsa - amaganiza muzithunzi. Mtundu wa mawonekedwe umagwiritsa ntchito mawu okhudzana ndi zochita, mawonekedwe a mtundu: "zokongola / zamadzimadzi / zokongola / zowoneka", "zikuwoneka kuti," "ndazindikira / ndayang'ana."
3. Kinesthetic - zomverera thupi ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa mtundu wa kinesthetic. Zizindikiro ndi nkhope ya anthu otere ndi olemera kwambiri. M'mawu ake mungamve mawu akuti "okoma", "otentha", "okondweretsa" "ndikumanyansidwa nane".

Makhalidwe a Kuganiza

Mfundo ya kulingalira ndi luso loganiza mmagulu osiyanasiyana. Kwa munthu, malingaliro a malingaliro ndi kuganiza ndi ofunika kwambiri komanso amakhala nawo nthawi zonse. Chizindikiro cha njira za Ya. Startsev kuganiza ndi mitundu:

1. Kulingalira moyenera - kumaphatikizapo gulu la "zoona - zabodza". Lingaliro la choonadi likugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati fyuluta mu kusankha, kukonza ndi kusinthidwa kwa chidziwitso.
2. Makhalidwe abwino - zithunzi zojambula. Mapangidwe a zifanizo amapezeka m'chowonadi chamaganizo, ndiye amawonetsedwa mu dziko lapansili kudzera muzojambula, zolemba.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi - kugwiritsira ntchito chinthu m'thupi komanso m'maganizo. Maluso okhudzana ndi ntchito, kuphatikizapo zothandiza komanso kupatukana kwa zopanda phindu.
4. Maganizo amalingaliro - kuganiza mopanda nzeru, akuyang'ana pa zizindikiro, zizindikiro, zozizwitsa. Mwadzidzidzi pakadali pano zimatsimikizira kuti munthuyo ali wolondola chifukwa cha kuonekera kwake.
5. Makhalidwe abwino - khalidwe, zolinga ndi maganizo a anthu. Kuyankhulana kwa mutu-phunziro. Zochita kapena zolinga zilizonse zimayesedwa kuchokera ku zikhalidwe zomwe amavomereza ndi anthu. Maganizo amalingaliro "amaganiza" m'magulu: "zabwino-zoipa," "zabwino-zoipa."

Makhalidwe abwino

Maganizo amagawanika kukhala abwino, osagwirizana ndi ambivalent (ambivalent). Mkhalidwe wamaganizo ndikumverera kokhala ndi phunziro. K. Izard (katswiri wa zamaganizo wa ku America) adapanga lingaliro la kusiyana kwakukulu kapena njira:

• Chisangalalo - malingaliro abwino kwa dziko ndi iwe mwini;
• chidwi - luso lozindikira ndikudziwitsa zambiri;
• kudabwa - kusintha kwadzidzidzi;
• chisoni - chokumana nacho chokhudzana ndi kutayika kwa chinthu chokhutiritsa zosowa;
• kunyansidwa-kutengeka kwa kukanidwa;
• mkwiyo - kufunitsitsa kuchitapo kanthu poyankha kukhumudwa;
• kunyansidwa - kudzimva kukhala wapamwamba, kuchepa kwa munthu wina;
• manyazi - zochitika zapansi;
• mantha - kumagwirizanitsa ndi zoopsa, kudzipereka kuthawa;
• Kudziimba mlandu - kudzimva nokha ndi kutsutsidwa chifukwa cha khalidwe loipa.

Kumbukirani modal

Makhalidwe abwino a munthu samatanthauza kuti sakugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zowonongeka. Machitidwe onse akuphatikizidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mwa mtundu wa machitidwe oyambirira a kulingalira, pali mitundu ya kukumbukira:

1. Kuwonetsa - kukumbukira zithunzi zowonekera zobwera.
2. Auditory - kuloweza pamtima mawu omveka, phokoso, nyimbo.
3. Kulawa - munthu amakumbukira zokonda zosiyana.
4. Tactile - kukumbukira mafano, kusungidwa ndi kubweretsanso ntchito / kayendedwe;
5. Magalimoto - mapangidwe ndi kukumbukira zamagetsi.
6. Zovuta - kukumbukira fungo.
7. Zokhumudwitsa - kumbukirani malingaliro ndi maganizo omwe anakumana nawo.

Kodi kudzigonana kumasiyana bwanji ndi zikhalidwe?

Lingaliro la subpersonality mu psychology ndichifaniziro cha zinthu zingapo mkati mwa munthu. Kugonana kumagwirizana ndi maudindo a munthu: chikhalidwe, akatswiri, banja, ndikuphatikizira, pamaganizo awo, njira zosiyanasiyana. Poyerekeza chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mawuwa. Makhalidwe abwino ndi osamvetsetsana ndi malingaliro ofanana. Mosiyana ndi machitidwe, zowonjezereka zimakhala zosiyana ndi zosiyana pakati pa mtundu wina wa mkhalidwe: kuunika-kumdima, kosalala-sonorous, kuyenda-mwendo.