Chithandizo cha Cataract ndichizoloŵezi, chifukwa ndi chimodzi mwa matenda opatsirana kwambiri masiku ano. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda ndi kuchepa kwa masomphenya. Odwala omwe ali ndi nthendayi amawona zonse ngati zosavuta komanso zamatope - ngati akuyang'ana pa dziko lapansi kudzera mu galasi lamoto kapena cellophane.
Kodi chiwindi ndi chiyani komanso zotsatira zake?
Matendawa ndi mitsempha ya mandala, omwe amachititsa kuti osawona bwino komanso amatha kuwonongeka kwathunthu. Kusintha, monga lamulo, kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, koma ndibwino kuti tiyambe kulandira mankhwala a cataract ndi maonekedwe oyambirira. Izi zidzakuthandizani kupewa zotsatira zovuta zambiri, monga:
- Phacogenic glaucoma. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuwonjezeka kwachiwiri m'maganizo. Zimaphatikizidwa ndi kupweteka kwa mutu, zosasangalatsa m'maso.
- Omvera amblyopia. Matendawa ndi owopsa kwa ana ndipo ndi zotsatira za matenda okhudzidwa. Zimasokoneza ntchito yathanzi ya retina ndipo ikhoza kufooka ali wamng'ono.
- The phacolytic iridocyclitis. Matendawa amapangidwa pamaso pa kutupa kwa iris ndi thupi lamakono.
N'chiyani chimayambitsa matendawa? Zifukwa za diso la diso la diso liri ndi zotsatirazi:
- kuvulala ndi kuvulala kwamagetsi;
- adatengera matenda opatsirana;
- shuga;
- choloŵa choloŵa chawo.
Matenda a khungu - amachititsa
Kuwala kwa diso la diso kumachitika m'njira ziwiri zikuluzikulu. Ziwalo za masomphenya zingayambe kupangidwa molakwika. Izi zimachokera ku matenda opatsirana kudzera mu intrauterine, omwe amai amazunzika poyambira mimba, kapena chromosomal pathologies. "Chitsanzo" chachiwiri cha chitukuko cha matendawa ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa lenti yomwe yayamba kale, yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi kusokonezeka kwamagetsi, kukhumudwa komanso zotsatira za zinthu zina zowononga zakunja.
Ichi ndi chifukwa chake chithandizo cha cataract chikafunikanso:
- rubella;
- malonda;
- toxoplasmosis;
- matenda a cytomegalovirus;
- shuga;
- galactosemia.
Cataract - imayambitsa ali wamng'ono
Kuwombera koyambirira kwa lens nthawi zambiri kumayamba ndi maziko a kuvulala kwa maso. Vuto ndiloti limakhala pamalo abwino chifukwa cha mitsempha yoonda kwambiri. Kuchokera ku chisokonezo champhamvu ndi kugwedezeka, chimatha kung'ambika, ndipo zakudya zamagetsi zimasokonezeka. Kuonjezerapo, chiwindi cha achinyamata chikhoza kukula chifukwa cha zovuta zachilengedwe. Kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe kumakhudza chitetezo cha mthupi ndi kagayidwe kachakudya, kamene sikangathe koma kamakhudza momwe maso amachitira.
Nthaŵi zina, mankhwala okhudza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amafunika chifukwa cha zotsatira za mazira a ultraviolet. Dzuŵa tsopano lakhala laukali kwambiri, chifukwa mazira akuluakulu amatha kukwiyitsa msinkhu wa msana. Ndipo ngozi ya ultraviolet ili m'chilimwe komanso m'nyengo yozizira (kuwala kwa chisanu nthawi zina kumakhala koopsa kwambiri).
Zina mwazifukwa za "matenda oyambirira" ndi matenda a shuga komanso choloŵa cholowa. Kuchuluka kwa shuga kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa madzi omwe akutsuka lens. Zotsatira zake - anapanga wotchedwa cataract wodwala shuga. Chofunika ndi cholowa - ngati wina wa achibale apamtima akudwala, munthu ayenera kumvetsera maso ake.
Katemera wothandizira katemera wotsalira
Izi zimachitikanso kuti matendawa amayamba ngakhale atachotsedwa mandala. Nthenda yachiwiri ya chifukwa cha kuyambira ndi yophweka - matenda amawoneka ngati zotsatira za kukula kwa malonda otsika otsika omwe amakhalabe m'diso. Ndipotu, chodabwitsa chimenechi chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutsika kwa kapsular sac, kumene kumayendetsa lens.
Kuchiza kwa cataract popanda opaleshoni
Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi nthendayi amakondwera ndi funso ili - kodi n'zotheka ndi vuto ngati lens opacity, mankhwala popanda opaleshoni. Palibe yankho lolondola kwa ilo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti njira zoyenera kugwiritsira ntchito zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, koma zitha kupindula ngati izo zinayambika kumayambiriro oyambirira, pamene matendawa sanayambe. Nthawi zina, mankhwala opatsirana okhaokha amakhala othandiza.
Cataract - mankhwala, madontho
Ngati vutoli likupezeka pa nthawi, dokotala akhoza kupereka mankhwala othandizira kuwongolera. Chithandizo choyamba cha katemera chimaphatikizapo kuika zinthu m'diso, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa matendawa. Popeza izi ndi matenda aakulu, zidzakhala zofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pafupifupi nthawi zonse. Kusokonezeka kwa nthawi yaitali kungayambitse kupitirira kwa matenda ndi kuwonongeka.
Vuto ngati kuchepetsa diso la diso, mankhwala amaphatikizapo madontho otsatirawa:
- Taufon ;
- Vicaine;
- Vitafakol;
- Quinax ;
- Vitaydurol;
- Taurine ;
- Kawirikawiri-katachrom;
- Senkatalinom.
Chithandizo cha Cataract ndi mankhwala ochiritsira popanda opaleshoni
Pali maphikidwe omwe mungathe kukana makilogalamu a lens, ndi mankhwala osakaniza. Iwo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo ngati mankhwalawa atayambika pa nthawi, kulumikiza opaleshoni ndi kuyendera nthawi zonse kwa ophthalmologist kungapewe. Chithandizo cha Cataract ya mankhwala ochiritsira amalola zosiyanasiyana. Mankhwala osavuta komanso otsika mtengo ndi odzoza uchi. Musanagwiritse ntchito, mankhwalawa ayenera kusakanizidwa mofanana ndi madzi.
Kuchiza kwa cataract ndi katsabola sikungatheke. Mbewu zapesa zithupsa, ndiyeno muzovala zapafupi kapena nsalu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito maso asanakagone. Mofananamo, decoction yotengera masamba a burdock, amayi ndi amayi opeza, makalata oyambirira ndi mankhwala ena ochiritsira amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuwonjezera apo, anthu omwe ali ndi nthenda ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku zakudya za blueberries ndi nthawi kuti amwe mbatata msuzi.
Kuchiza kwa cataract - ntchito
Kuchita opaleshoni ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera opaleshoni ya lens. Chotsatiracho pa ntchitoyi chikuchotsedwa ndipo chimachotsedwa ndi lens loonekera. Asanachize nthendayi, m'pofunikira kuwerengera magawo onse a "m'malo" ndikuwonetseratu maonekedwe okhudza anesthesia. Monga lamulo, odwala amapatsidwa mankhwala am'deralo, koma anthu ena akulangizidwa kuti asatengeke.
Mankhwala a Cataract ndi laser
Pozindikira kuti odwala matenda a maso a maso amatha kudwala matendawa, amathandizidwa ndi odwala ambiri. Mankhwalawa amachititsa kuti disolo liwonongeke mkati mwa diso. Palibe kudula komwe kumaganiziridwa pa nkhaniyi. Atapunthwa mothandizidwa ndi ultrasound, mitsempha ya microparticles imatulutsidwa panja, ndipo mabokosi opangidwira amaikidwa. Chinthu chabwino kwambiri cha mankhwalawa ndi chakuti panthawi ya opaleshoni dokotala amawona momveka bwino mbali zitatu pazenera, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti ndondomekoyi ndi yolondola.
Pambuyo pa disolo, maso ake amachira msangamsanga. Chifukwa chakuti ntchitoyi si yowopsya, mavuto amaletsedwa. Mwa zina, laser therapy ndi yoposa mitundu yonse ya ntchito zoyenera kukhazikitsidwa kwa makompyuta zamakono, chifukwa cha kuika kumene mukufunikira "chisa" chokonzekera bwino. Apo ayi, pang'onopang'ono kusinthana, kuwonongeka kowonetsa kumachitika.
Kuchiza mankhwala opatsirana
Masiku ano, njira zothandizira odwala matenda a cataract zimathandiza kuti:
- Zowonjezeredwa. Icho chimaphatikizapo kuchotsa khungu la lens ndi lalikulu masentimita masentimita. Pachifukwa ichi, chithunzithunzi cha posterior chilibe diso, motero kuonetsetsa kuti chitetezo chachitetezo chili pakati pa mbali yamkati ya diso ndi vitreous cavity. Ntchito zochepa - muchisokonezo chachikulu.
- Akupanga phacoemulsification. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito phacoemulsifier. Chipangizocho chimalowetsedwa m'chipinda cham'chipinda chamkati mwa diso lopangidwira. Ndiye, motsogoleredwa ndi ultrasound, chinthu cha mandala chimakhala emulsion ndipo chimachotsedwa ku diso. Chotsatira chomaliza ndicho kukhazikitsa lens.
- Mtsinje wa Intracapsular. Chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwachisokonezo, njirayi sichigwiritsidwe ntchito tsopano. Chokhazikika chake chimachokera pakuchotsa lens ndi kapule kupyolera mu makina akuluakulu powawombera ku chipangizo cha cryoextractor.
Chilonda chakumbuyo pambuyo pa mandala - mankhwala
Chofunika chobwezera kachilomboka chinawonekera pambuyo pa opaleshoni yoyamba kuchotsa lens . Chithandizo cha nthendayi yachiwiri chimakhudza kapsulotomy. Ndondomekoyi ndikutengeka kwa capsule yomwe yasintha. Ngakhale kuti njirayi ikuwoneka kuti ndiyo yokhayo yothetsera vutoli. Chisankho chikuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Ndili ndi vuto lalikulu la mankhwala opatsirana pogonana ndi laser. Pogwiritsira ntchito laser, chimbudzi chachikulu chimapangidwa mu kapupala kameneko kamene kamatuluka. Zomalizazi zimadutsa pang'onopang'ono, kuti kuwala kwawunikire kudutse molunjika kumalo ozungulira a retina. Chifukwa cha kusokoneza uku, masomphenya a wodwalayo akuoneka bwino.