Matenda ambiri a m'matumbo amachititsa bwino kuchipatala ndipo samayambitsa mavuto owopsa. Chiopsezo chachikulu ndi kutupa kosatha, gulu lomwe limaphatikizapo matenda otchedwa lepatitis kapena transmural ileitis (granulomatous, regional enteritis).
Matenda a Crohn - amachititsa
Madokotala asanamvetsetse chifukwa chomwe izi zikuyambira, pali ziphunzitso zochepa chabe za chiyambi chake. Zotsatira zomwe zimayambitsa terminal leitis:
- kusintha kwa majini;
- zovuta;
- matenda a tizilombo kapena bakiteriya.
Matendawo a Crohn
Pali mitundu yambiri ya matenda, omwe amagawidwa m'magulu angapo malingana ndi momwe zimakhalira, kutentha kwake, chilengedwe ndi zinthu zina. Malinga ndi miyambo yamakono yapadziko lonse, matenda a Crohn's disease (terminal leitis) amadziwika motsatira 4:
- zaka za wodwala;
- phenotype wa matenda;
- kumidzi kwa kutukusira;
- kufooka kwa matenda.
Magulu ndi zaka:
- mpaka zaka 16 (A1);
- kuyambira zaka 17 mpaka 40 (A2);
- pambuyo pa zaka 41 (A3).
Matenda a Crohn amadalira phenotype:
- Kutupa (B1) - matendawa si ovuta, nthawizina phokoso la perianal limalowa;
- Kukanika kapena kutsekula (B2) - makoma a matumbo amachepetsedwera, pali chithunzi chokulitsa kapena kusokoneza;
- Kulowa mkati (B3) - pali fistula, masewera otupa ndi mashungu.
Mitundu ya matenda ndi malo okhala:
- ileitis (L1) - ileum;
- colitis (L2) - matumbo akulu pakati pa akhungu ndi owongoka;
- ileocolitis (L3) - malo alionse pakati pa rectum ndi kukwera mbali ya matumbo akulu;
- ziwalo za m'mimba kapepala kakang'ono (L4).
Mafomu a matendawa mwachangu:
- kuwala;
- chokhazikika;
- mkulu;
- chikhululukiro;
- chowopsa;
- kubwereza ntchito pambuyo pake.
Matenda a Crohn - zizindikiro
Zochitika zachipatala za matendawa zikugwirizana ndi mlingo wake, malo ake komanso nthawi yotupa, kuchuluka kwa kubwereranso ndi zinthu zina. Pali zizindikiro zina zopanda malire zomwe zimaphatikizapo terminal leitis - zizindikiro za chilengedwe:
- kutentha kapena kutengeka;
- kufooka;
- kutopa nthawi zonse;
- kulemera kwa thupi;
- ululu wamimba;
- kusowa kudya;
- Kutsekula m'mimba kumatenga zoposa 6 milungu.
Terminal catarrhal ileitis
Matendawa amadziwika ndi kutukusira kwa ziwalo za m'mimba. Matenda a Crohn a mawonekedwe a catarrhal angaperekedwe ndi zizindikiro za m'mimba komanso zochepa. Gulu loyamba la mawonetseredwe a chipatala ndi awa:
- kupweteka, kutsanzira kugonana kovuta;
- chisokonezo;
- anorexia;
- kusanza;
- kukhetsa;
- Kutsekula m'mimba.
Zizindikiro zosavomerezeka za matenda a Crohn:
- conjunctivitis, uveitis kapena keratitis;
- aphthous stomatitis;
- sclerosing cholangitis ;
- chiwindi;
- pyelonephritis;
- kufa kwa chiwindi cha chiwindi;
- cholelithiasis;
- cystitis;
- hydronephrosis;
- cholangiocarcinoma;
- amyloidosis a impso;
- nephrolithiasis.
Terminal follicular ileitis
Mu submucosa wa zoonda ndi leamu, malo ambiri a Peyer alipo. Awa ndiwo mapulogalamu apadera a lymphoid, omwe apangidwa kuti apange ma immunoglobulins. Nthawithi leti yamtunduwu imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zizindikiro zoterozo, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro zomwe zalembedwa kale ndi zina zowonetsa zachipatala:
- Kutenga kachilombo kawirikawiri, makamaka matenda opatsirana;
- ankylosing spondylitis;
- chisangalalo cha nodalma;
- chiwonongeko;
- malingaliro;
- njira zomatira;
- monoarthritis;
- peritonitis;
- maphunziro osokoneza;
- zoperekera m'mimba;
- Kulepheretsa kwa lumen ndi m'mimba;
- kuwonjezeka kozizira kwa thupi.
Malo otentha a letiitis
Matendawa a Crohn amadziwika ndi mapangidwe a zilonda zam'mimba m'mimba mwa ziwalo za m'mimba. Kutupa kuphatikizapo njira zowonongeka kumaonedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yoopsa kwambiri ya terminal letiitis, yomwe imabweretsa mavuto owopsa komanso owopsa. Matenda owopsa a Crohn - mawonetseredwe:
- kupweteka kwa makoma a m'mimba;
- magazi;
- megacolon;
- zoperewera chifukwa cha matenda ochepa.
Matenda a Crohn - matenda
Chithunzi cha kachipatala cha terminal lesiketi ndichabechabe, motero poyamba gastroenterologist iyenera kuchotsa matenda ena ambiri omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana. Ndikofunika kusiyanitsa kugwilitsika kwa matenda, kuphatikizapo kutsekula m'mimba, ndi matenda a Crohn - matenda osiyana siyana amachitidwa ndi matenda:
- mesenteritis;
- chowongolera;
- salmonellosis;
- kulowa;
- shigellosis;
- colitis;
- chifuwa chachikulu cha m'mimba;
- malingaliro;
- gonorrheal kapena chlamydial proctitis;
- amebiasis;
- Lymphoma ya m'matumbo.
Njira zamagwiritsidwe ndi zipangizo zamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kuti:
- colonoscopy;
- zojambulazo ndi zovuta;
- mafilimu am'mimba;
- maginito resonance kapena computed tomography m'matumbo mosiyana.
Mayeso a matenda a Crohn
Kafukufuku wamaphunziro amathandizanso kukhazikitsa matenda oyenerera. Njira yaikulu yodziwira matenda a Crohn ndi kuyesa magazi:
- kwa antibodies kwa Saccharomyces cerevisae (wotchedwa ASCA);
- wamba;
- biochemical;
- immunological.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kufufuza kwachitetezo kumachitika:
- chithandizo;
- mpaka mlingo wa calprotectin;
- parasitic.
Matenda a Crohn
Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zidziŵitso zodziwika bwino za matenda aakulu, chithandizo chapadera cha kuwonongedwa kwake sichinayambe. Zosankha zonse, momwe mungachiritse matenda a Crohn, yiritsani pansi kuti musiye kutupa, kuteteza mavuto ndi kubwereranso. Njira zazikulu za mankhwala ndi mankhwala ndi zakudya. Pamaso pa zotsatira zoopsa za terminal ileitis, opaleshoni yothandizira imachitika.
Matenda a Crohn: mankhwala - mankhwala
Njira yayikulu yothandizira matendawa ndi kuchotsa kutupa ndi kubwezeretsanso ndondomeko yoyenera kudya. Terminal Ileitis - chithandizo chimaphatikizapo othandizira awa:
- glucocorticoids - Prednisolone, Methylprednisolone;
- salicylates - Mesazalin, Sulfasazalin;
- immunosuppressants - Methotrexate, Azathioprine;
- mahomoni otchuka - Budesonide, Beklazone;
- maantibayotiki - Rifaximin, Ciprofloxacin ;
- Kukonzekera kwa chilengedwe cha genetic engineering - Etanercept, Infliximab ndi ena.
Matenda a Crohn akupitiliza kufufuzidwa, kotero asayansi akuyang'ana njira zatsopano zothana ndi terminal leitis. Zomwe mungathe kuchita ndi:
- blockers of integrin receptors - Vedolizumab;
- zimapatsa odwala kapena mabakiteriya osinthidwa;
- opusitsa;
- conjugated linoleic asidi;
- DNA yolemba;
- kukonzekera kwa nanotechnology;
- mapuloteni;
- plasmapheresis;
- maselo otsika - polychrome;
- kuyika m'chipinda chokhala ndi hyperbaric;
- Njira ya chamba - Naltrexone;
- chiwonetsero;
- katemera motsutsana ndi kutupa matumbo;
- Kukonzekera kuchokera ku mazira a porcine mphutsi (TSO) ndi ena.
Ndi Matenda a Crohn
Odwala onse omwe ali ndi gastroenterologist ndi omwe amasonyeza kuti akudwala matendawa ayenera kudya chakudya chapadera. Zakudya za terminal letiitis zimasankhidwa kulingalira za chikhalidwe cha matendawa ndi kupezeka kwa mavuto. Kuphweka kwa msinkhu wa matenda, zakudya zambiri zimaloledwa kudyedwa. Chakudya cha Crohn's disease chimaphatikizapo kupatulapo:
- ufa watsopano ndi mankhwala ophika;
- zosakaniza;
- olemera broths;
- masamba ndi tirigu wakupha;
- zosuta;
- mkaka ndi mkaka;
- nyama yochuluka, nsomba;
- chakudya chamzitini;
- balere, mapira, balere wa ngale;
- nyemba;
- maswiti alionse;
- masamba;
- zakumwa zoziziritsa ndi ozizira;
- kakala kapena khofi ndi mkaka.
Chakudya chovomerezedwa:
- Zakudya zochokera ku nsomba za mafuta ochepa kapena nyama yamchere, steamed kapena yophika (soufflé, cutlets ndi ena);
- rusks kuchokera pa ufa wapamwamba;
- kanyumba ka calcined kapena grated katsopano;
- Mbewu zofooka kapena zonenepa ndi Kuwonjezera kwa dzira flakes, meatballs, mucous cereal broths (kuchokera mango, mpunga);
- mazira (owiritsa otentha, owiritsa);
- batala, monga kudzaza mbale;
- mazira apamwamba;
- oatmeal, mpunga, semolina phala pa madzi mu mawonekedwe owombedwa;
- tiyi wobiriwira;
- khofi kapena kakao pamadzi;
- mabulosi a zipatso za mabulosi;
- timadzi timadzi timadzidulidwa;
- kissel;
- msuzi wa dogrose.
Nkofunika kudya nthawi zambiri komanso m'zigawo zing'onozing'ono, kuphatikizapo mchere ndi mavitamini, makamaka magulu B, A, D, E ndi K. Ngati kuli koyenera, dokotala akhoza kukonza zosiyana siyana za zakudya (tebulo 4 molingana ndi Pevzner) malinga ndi magawo otsatirawa:
- zizindikiro za matenda;
- kuuma kwa mawonetseredwe a chipatala;
- kuuma kwa zizindikiro;
- Kukhalapo kwa matenda okhwima ndi mavuto;
- moyo wabwino wa munthu;
- zotsatira za mankhwala ozunguza bongo.
Matenda a Crohn - mankhwala ndi mankhwala ochiritsira
Njira zambiri zopangira maphikidwe zimathandiza kuti msanga zisamangidwe ndi kubwezeretsa chimbudzi choyenera. Malangizo a anthu momwe angachiritse tizilomboti tizilombo tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochizira mankhwala. Mwapadera, mankhwala achilengedwe ali ndi zotsatira zochepa kwambiri, kotero amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zowonjezera zowonjezera.
Tiyi yotsutsa
Zosakaniza:
- Maluwa a chamomile pharmacy - 30-35 g;
- madzi otentha - 200-210 ml.
Kukonzekera, gwiritsani ntchito:
- Thirani masamba zopangira ndi madzi otentha.
- Tsatirani maola 1-3.
- Imwani mankhwala onsewa musanadye.
- Bweretsani maulendo 5-6 pa tsiku.
Kuthetsa kutsekula m'mimba
Zosakaniza:
- Zipatso za Bilberry - 100-140 g;
- madzi - lita imodzi.
Kukonzekera, gwiritsani ntchito:
- Wiritsani zipatso m'madzi otentha kwa mphindi 10.
- Sungani zotsatira za compote.
- Imwani mankhwala patsiku.
Kuthamanga kwapasmolytic
Zosakaniza:
- mizu ya marshmallow ndi 100-150 g;
- madzi - 50-80 ml.
Kukonzekera, gwiritsani ntchito:
- Sungunulani ndi kudula mutizidutswa tating'ono ting'ono tozipangizo.
- Thirani madzi ozizira mu mbale yakuya, kuti madziwo aziphimba mizu.
- Imani maola 6-10.
- Sakanizani ntchentche yomweyi kuti mukhale chidebe chosiyana.
- Imwani 2 tsp 2-4 patsiku, kuwonjezera mankhwala ku galasi la madzi.
Wotsutsa decoction
Zosakaniza:
- Mizu yotsekemera yotchedwa licorice - 2-3 g;
- madzi - 150-200 ml.
Kukonzekera, gwiritsani ntchito:
- Wiritsani zipangizo zam'madzi mumadzi otentha (10-15 mphindi).
- Imani theka la ora.
- Sungani yankho.
- Imwani mankhwala pakati pa chakudya katatu patsiku.
- Musachiritse kupitirira mwezi, ndiye pumani ndikupitiriza.
Matenda a Crohn - zotsatira
Matendawa amawoneka bwino, choncho nthawi zonse amapita patsogolo ndipo nthawi zambiri amatsogolera ku zoopsa. Matenda a Crohn - mavuto:
- kuchoka kwa nyansi zofiira m'mimba m'mimba;
- fissures ;
- zilonda za mucous membrane;
- dysbiosis;
- khansa ya coloni;
- zopanda;
- fistula .
Chifukwa cha kuphwanya zakudya zowonjezera, matenda a Barill akuphatikizapo:
- kutopa ndi kulemera kwakukulu;
- hypovitaminosis;
- dysbacteriosis.
Matenda a Crohn - kufotokoza
Kuchiza kwathunthu lekileite sizingatheke, munthu ayenera kutsatira ndondomeko ya zakudya nthawi zonse, kutenga mankhwala komanso kupewa matenda. Ngakhale wina angathe kulamulira matenda a Crohn - zizindikiro za moyo ndi zabwino, zoperekedwa:
- kutsata ndondomeko zopangira zakudya;
- kusiya zizoloŵezi;
- kuyendera nthawi zonse kwa gastroenterologist;
- chithandizo cham'tsogolo ndi kupewa zovuta.