Kupweteka kwa thupi m'thupi ndi mphutsi zakuda ndizo chifukwa cha matenda a helminthic, kuphatikizapo trichinosis - zizindikiro za munthu sizifotokozedwa bwino. Wonyamula matenda sangadziwe ngakhale kuti akugwidwa ndi mphutsi. Pamene mafinya sakhala akudziwika, matendawa amakula kwambiri. Nthaŵi zina, zimabweretsa zotsatira zoopsa.
Kutengera kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi trichinosis
Nthenda ya causative ya matenda ndi yaying'ono nematode nyongolotsi, yozungulira, yoonda, pafupifupi filiform, kufika kutalika kwa 0.5-4 mm. Trichinella amapezeka m'zinyama (amphaka, agalu, nkhumba), zakutchire (nkhumba, nkhandwe, mimbulu), makoswe, nyama zam'madzi. Chida kapena kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa chitumbuwa chimayambitsa mavitamini kuti achoke mu thupi kulowa mu thupi. Lowani pamlomo, kupyolera pamimba. Mphungu imatulutsidwa kuchokera ku capsule, imayambitsidwa mu mucosa (m'mimba, m'mimba), imakula mu minofu yogwirizana, ndipo kale pa tsiku la 3-4 imabereka ana atsopano.
Gwero la matenda a munthu ndi trichinosis angakhale nyama yophika bwino, yomwe ili ndi mphutsi za mphutsi:
- Nkhumba (kuphatikizapo anyama ndi nyama zakutchire);
- chisindikizo;
- nyama ya nutria ndi nyama zina;
- doggie.
Trichinosis - zizindikiro
Pamene tizilonda ta trichinella imakhala mu thupi, zizindikiro mwa munthu siziwonekera nthawi yomweyo. Zimamveka ngati kukula, kukula kwa mphutsi komanso kuyenda kwake m'thupi. Anthu okwatirana akuluakulu m'mimba mwachisawawa, akupanga magawo atsopano a mphutsi. Pakapita sabata ndi theka pambuyo pa matenda, helminths ayamba kupanga njira yawo motsatira magazi. Kufalikira mu thupi lonse, zimakhala zifukwa za matenda osiyanasiyana. Kulemera kwake ndi kukula kwake kwa zizindikiro kumadalira kuti ndi majeremusi angati omwe amalowa m'thupi ndi momwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimakhalira cholimba.
Trichinella - ulendo wa moyo
Kuzungulira kwa chitukuko cha trichinella kumadutsa mkati mwa thupi limodzi popanda kuchoka kunja. Mwamuna nthawi imodzi ndi mtsogoleri wapakati ndi womaliza. Monga lamulo, kumapeto kwa chakudya, pamene nyama zina zimadya chakudya. Zizindikiro za matendawa zimadalira pa siteji ya chitukuko cha trichinella, zizindikiro zimagawidwa mu nthawi:
- Gawo la kulowa mmalo. Zizindikiro zimasonyezedwa mu vuto lachitetezo. Kutsekula m'mimba kumasintha ndi kudzimbidwa, chilakolako chimachepa, kunyowa, kupweteka m'mimba. Kutentha kwa thupi ndi khungu.
- Gawo la kusamuka. Zitsulozi zimayenda m'zinthu ndi zitsulo. Zikuwonekera edema pafupi ndi maso, mphamvu zowunikira, minofu ya maso imatha. Malotowa akusweka, munthuyo akumva kusweka. Chifukwa cha ntchito yopuma kupuma kuli chifuwa. Kutentha kwa thupi kumatuluka.
- Pa siteji yotsiriza, mphutsi imakhala mu minofu, ndikupanga kapsule pozungulira iwo. Zizindikiro zimadulidwa, ndipo chikhalidwe choyambirira chikufanana ndi kutupa m'maso. Mayeso a magazi panthawiyi adzasonyeza kuti zomwe zili m'magulu a eosinophils zawonjezeka.
Zizindikiro zapadera - matenda a eyelid ndi ma chymosis, malungo, myalgia - amachititsa kuti mavitamini a helminth asagwiritsidwe ntchito. Sangathe kupezeka m'masiku oyambirira kapena masabata achilombo, koma amatha kukhala ndi moyo kwa zaka zambiri, otsalira m'thupi la munthu. Pambuyo pophatikiza mphutsi ndi kuwachotsa ku ziwalo, ndizovuta kusunga mavitamini. Kwenikweni, wodwala amamva kupweteka kwa minofu, kutopa.
Trichinella - ziwalo zokhudzidwa
Nyongolotsi za Trichinella mwa anthu zingakhudze ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe. Mphutsi imapangidwira thupi la alendoyo osakhala pamalo amodzi, koma kusunthira. Amagunda malo kumbuyo kwa malowa, amapanga kutupa. Chithunzi cha kuchipatala cha matendawa chimadziwonetsera molingana ndi chiwalo chimene chawonetsa trichinosis, zizindikiro zomwe zimawoneka mwa anthu zidzasonyeza izi. Pakhoza kukhala mpweya wochepa ngati mphutsi zimalowa m'mapapo, ululu pamimba - ngati m'matumbo. Komanso kuzilombo zikuvutika:
- mtima (wosanjikizika wa khoma lake);
- kuphatikiza, kutafuna, deltoid, minofu yamaso;
- chiwindi;
- dongosolo lalikulu la mitsempha;
- ubongo.
Trichinosis - mavuto
Matenda akuluakulu angayambitse mavuto, mpaka zotsatira zoopsa (10-35%), pamene machitidwe a immunopathological akukula, chibayo, myocarditis , meningoencephalitis imayamba. Nthaŵi zina, zizindikirozi zimakhala zabwino, ngakhale kuti trichinosis mwa anthu imakhala ndi zotsatirapo, zimakhudza mpweya, mtima, ndi mantha. Zina mwa zovuta zomwe zingatheke, matenda monga:
- chiwindi;
- thrombophlebitis;
- OCH;
- glomerulonephritis ;
- masulititis (dongosolo).
Trichinosis - Kuzindikira
Chithunzi chosiyana chachipatala, kufanana ndi matenda ena (poizoni, nephritis, laryngitis, ndi zina zotero) zimapangitsa kuti matendawa asinthe. Pofuna kutsimikiziridwa kuti trichinosis, zizindikiro za munthu ziyenera kudziwonetsera zokha. Zizindikiro zikuluzikulu ndi malungo, kupweteka kwa minofu, kutupa, komwe kumatenga kuyambira masabata 4 mpaka miyezi ingapo. Kudandaula kwa kukhalapo mu thupi la biochelmintic Trichinella kuwuka ndi mbiri yosonkhanitsidwa bwino. Mwachitsanzo, ngati wodwalayo wanena kuti posachedwapa adya nyama zakutchire. Njira zina zofufuzira:
- kuyesa magazi ambiri ;
- mayesero owopsa;
- kusintha kwa mphepo;
- Kuyeza minofu kwambiri.
Kufufuza kwa Trichinosis
Trichinella m'magazi amatha kudziwika pambuyo poyesedwa ndi ma laboratory. Izi zikhoza kuchitidwa kumayambiriro, ngakhale kuti palibe zochitika zapadera zowononga tizilonda m'matumbo. Kale pa tsiku lachitatu la matendawa, pali kuwonjezeka kochepa m'magazi a eosinophils - hypereosinophilia. Kuphatikiza ndi malungo, ndizovuta kwa matenda. Pambuyo pa masabata atatu, kufufuza kungapangidwe pofuna kupezeka kwa Trichinella antigen. Ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tikudziwika, ndikofunika kuchenjeza katswiriyu. Ndibwino kuti tiphunzire nyama ya trichinosis (yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chakudya).
Kuchiza kwa trichinosis mwa anthu
Ngati chitsimikizo cha trichinosis chikutsimikiziridwa, mankhwala ayenera kuyamba pomwepo. Pofuna kuchotsa mphutsi zazikulu kuchokera ku digestive sivuta - chifukwa mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma mphutsi mu capsules ndi zovuta kuti mufike kuchipatala chilichonse. Pamene trichinella imalowa m'thupi, mankhwalawa amaphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo:
- anti-inflammatory;
- antipyretic;
- pofuna chitetezo cha chiwindi ndi ziwalo zina.
Powonongeka kwakukulu kwa minofu, odwala sangakwanitse, ndipo powabwezeretsa kudziko lawo, amapanga masewera ndi ma physiotherapy.
Chithandizo cha chidziwitso chimaphatikizapo kutenga:
- analgesics kuti achotse ululu wa minofu;
- ochita zamatsenga ;
- antihistamines;
- laxative m'nyengo yoyamba;
- Zosakaniza zapachilombo za m'mimba zamatumbo ( Nemozol , Mintezol);
- mavitamini.
Prophylaxis ya trichinosis
Pofuna kupewa matenda a trichinosis, munthu ayenera kuyang'anira zakudya zake komanso kudyetsa ziweto. Musalole nkhumba, agalu ndi amphaka kuti adye nyama kuchokera ku makoswe omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Zakudya zosatsekedwa zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zisatulutse zakudya zonse, ndi nyama, kufika pa tebulo, zowonongeka bwino. Mphutsi ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda imafera kutentha pamwamba madigiri 70 ndi kufungatira (pansipa-madigiri 17 okhala ndi ozizira nthawi yayitali - masabata atatu).
Momwe mungayesere nyama ya trichinosis
Kunja, chidutswa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sichinthu chosiyana, poona kuti mphutsiyi ndi 200 pa 1 g. Kuyesedwa kwa trichinosis kumachitika mu labotala pogwiritsa ntchito microscope. Nyama imene yapangidwa ikudziwika ndi manyazi. Kupewa kawirikawiri kumayendetsedwanso pamlingo waukulu: Rospotrebnadzor oyang'anitsitsa momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito m'malo ogulitsa malonda (misika, masitolo). Koma sizingatheke kuwona kuti ng'ombe kapena nyama zolekana zimakhala zotani.
Trichinosis - nyama yowonongeka
Simungathe kuchotsa mphutsi zomwe zimalowa m'matumbo ndi minofu. Pozindikira kuti trichinosis mu nyama imachititsa mtembo kuti uwotchedwe mwathunthu - sizowopsa kuika moyo wawo pachiswe. Mu mafakitale, mankhwala owonongeka sangathe kubwereranso ndipo samalowa mphodza. Ngati njira yothetsera - ngati palibe chidaliro chodetsa nyama - iyenera kuphikidwa kapena yokazinga kwa nthawi yaitali, kuduladutswa pang'ono.
Ngakhale kuti trichinosis ndi yoopsa motani, zizindikiro za munthu posachedwa zidzasonyeza kuti chitukukochi chikukula. Simunganyalanyaze zizindikiro zowonekera za matenda. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa bwino nyama yomwe idya, makamaka ngati ili ndi nyama yakufa kapena yogula msika womwe umangokhalapo (ndiko kuti, ulibe tsankhu lotsimikizira kuti palibe zirombo).