Chimodzi mwa malo oyamba mu floriculture pakati pa oyambirira ndi bwino ukuphuka yokongola zomera ndi viola, amene anthu ali ndi dzina lofatsa kwa pansies. Mbewu yozama komanso yobiriwira imangodabwitsa kwambiri malingaliro ake ndi mitundu yake yosiyanasiyana: kuchokera ku zoyera zoyera mpaka pafupifupi wakuda ndi mithunzi yonse yofiira, yachikasu ndi buluu. Amaluwa ambiri amaluwa amaluwa amadziwa kuti maluwa amenewa ndi odzichepetsa, komabe, ngati mbewu ina iliyonse, viola imafuna kudziwa zina za kukula ndi kusamalira, zomwe zimakupangitsani kuyamikira kukongola kwake kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa masika mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo.
Viola - kubzala ndi kusamalira
Viola ndi chomera chabwino chotchedwa thermophilic, choncho ndibwino kuti mubzale m'malo omwe dzuwa limakhala. Zoona, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti duwa silokwanira kulekerera penumbra, koma pakali pano, maluwa ake akhoza kukhala ochepa kwambiri. Koma nthaka, loamy, lonyowa, yotayirira ndi dothi lachonde ndilopambana kwa viola. Nthaŵi yobzala viola imatsimikiziridwa malinga ndi nthawi yomwe mukufuna kuphulika. Choncho, mwina kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira pamene mbewu zimabzalidwa mu mbande, kapena kumayambiriro kwa dzinja zikafesedwa pansi.
Kusamalira pansies ndi kophweka. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kwa iye ndikumangirira mobwerezabwereza m'nthaka, mwinamwake chomera sichidzatha. Komabe, kuthirira mowa kwambiri kumapweteketsanso viola, kotero musaiwale za kusamba kwa nthawi ndi kumasula kwa nthaka, yomwe imatsegula mpweya wabwino ku mizu. Kuonjezerapo, kuti mupereke maluwa ochulukirapo komanso ochuluka, m'pofunika kuchotsa maluwa osweka nthawi yochuluka kuchokera ku chomera.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti viola imayang'anitsitsa zovuta ku fetereza zamchere, koma sizimalola kuti feteleza feteleza. Zovala zapamwamba ziyenera kuchitika mwachindunji pansi pazu wa mbewu kamodzi pamayambiriro a budding ndi yachiwiri - kumayambiriro kwa maluwa. Zikanakhala kuti viola idabzalidwa pamalo otentha m'chilimwe, ndiye kuti nthawi yachisanu iyenera kukhala yokutidwa ndi udzu kapena masamba owuma, omwe amateteza mizu yachisomo ya mmera.
Kubalanso kwa viola
Pangani maluwawa njira yosavuta yowonjezera mbeu. Ngati mukufuna kupeza pachimake chaka choyamba, mbewu za viola ziyenera kubzalidwa mabokosi kumapeto kwa February - oyambirira March. Mabokosi okhala ndi mbande ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu ndikuyika malo otentha. Panthawi ya kumera, nyemba ziyenera kuonetsetsa kuti madzi akutsitsimula komanso kumasula nthawi zonse. Pakangotha milungu iwiri yokha, mphukira yoyamba idzawonekera, yomwe imayenera kuyendetsedwa patali pafupifupi masentimita asanu 5. Mwezi wa May-June, pamene chiwopsezo cha chisanu cha masika chikadutsa, zowonongeka zimabzalidwa patali pamtunda wa 10-15 cm.
Kubzala mbewu za viola pamalo otseguka kumabala mu June ndi July, ndipo mu August mmerawo umakaikidwa pamalo osatha. Pachifukwa ichi, pachimake cha viola chidzangokhala chaka chotsatira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, koma olima wamaluwa ambiri omwe amadziwa bwino ntchitoyi amanena kuti panthawi yomwe maluwawo amatha, maluwa omwe amakula motere amaposa kukula kwa mbande.
Kuonjezera apo, kubereka kwa viola ndiko kotheka ndi kufesa kwa kasupe, komabe maluwawo amatsitsidwanso ndipo amasiya kusiyana kwake. Komanso kubereka kwa viola ndiko kotheka ndi zipatso. Pochita izi, kumapeto kwa mwezi wa May, nthaka yochepetsetsa imabzalidwa m'malo amdima
Matenda a Viola
Mu viola ndi chisamaliro chosayenera, n'zotheka kukhala ndi matenda otere monga mwendo wakuda, tsinde ndi zowola zowonongeka, downy mildew , tsamba lakuta, nsabwe za m'masamba . Komabe, zonsezi zikhoza kupewedwera bwino, ngati simukulola kuti madzi asapitirire mizu ya mbewu.