Chaka chonse mutha kugula ma birplants atsopano pamsika, kulima ndi kusamalira mu wowonjezera kutentha kuti zomera izi ziphunzire kwathunthu ndipo sizikuyimira zovuta zambiri ngakhale kwa amateur wamaluwa. Zipatso za zomera zokoma zimenezi zakhala zotsika mtengo komanso zotsika mtengo ndi kubwera kwa zipangizo zatsopano zowonetsera minda pansi pa galasi.
Mafuta abwino kwambiri obiriwira
Mu malo otsekedwa, microclimate imalengedwa yomwe imakhala yosiyana kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe cha kunja kwa chilengedwe. Odyetsa amayenera kugwira mwakhama mitundu yatsopano yomwe imatha kubala chipatso pansi pa denga lopangira, podziwa zenizeni za birplant zomwe zimakula mu wowonjezera kutentha. Opeza alimi a zamasamba akulangiza kugula mbewu zakutchire ndi zoyambirira, zomera zochepa zochepa za Solanaceae zomwe sizikufuna ndalama ndi mphamvu pa garter panthawi yokula.
Mitengo yosiyanasiyana ya biringanya:
- Balagur
- Bagheera
- Sophia
- Chozizwitsa Chofiira F1
- F1 Nutcracker
- Fabin F1
Mtundu wodabwitsa wa zipatso za carp ndi zokolola ndi zosiyanasiyana Balagur. Ndi biringaliro limodzi, panthawi yokolola, zipatso zokwana 100 zokongola kwambiri za mtundu wa lilac ndi khungu lochepa thupi ndi zokoma zimasonkhanitsidwa. Zitsamba sizikula pamwamba pa mamita 1.5, zotsutsana ndi matenda a fungal.
Ngati mukusowa mitundu yofulumira, ndiye Bagheera ali woyenera kwambiri izi. Kuchokera ku mbewu zake, makapu ophatikizira ndi okolola kwambiri amakula, kukula ndi kuchoka mu wowonjezera kutentha sikungakhale vuto. Zitsamba zing'onozing'ono zimatha kubzalidwa bwino muzitsulo zosiyana ndi zakudya zowonjezera. Zipatso zipse mu Bagheera zofiira, zochititsa chidwi, zofiirira zakuda.
Mtundu umenewu umagwirizana ndi mwiniwake wowonjezera wowonjezera kutentha. Ndi nyengo yotseka, koma imasintha bwino ndi malo alionse. Mtundu wa zipatso ndi wakuda ndi violet, thupi la ndiwo zamasamba sizowopsya, mawonekedwe a aubergine ndi ofanana ndi peyala. Popanda zosiyanasiyana - amafunikira kupopera mbewu ku matenda ndi teknoloji yabwino yaulimi.
Wophatikiza ndi woyenera munda, koma pansi pa galasi amapereka zokolola zabwino kwambiri. Chozizwitsa chofiira ndi chosakanikirana ndi bowa, kangaude wamatenda , amapereka zipatso zoyambirira zomwe zimapitirira 135 g.Magulu a kuthengo ali a mtundu wamtambo, wophimba pang'ono, wokongola kwambiri osati wowawa.
Chosakanizidwa ichi ndi biringanya chodziwika bwino chokula ndi kusamalira mu wowonjezera kutentha. Zokolola za Nutcracker zimakhala zotheka - 19.5 makilogalamu pa mita imodzi ya malo otsekedwa. Zipatso zipse pansi pa 250-350 g, zakhazikika pa tchire kumayambiriro, patatha masiku 100 mukhoza kusonkhanitsa ndiwo zamasamba. Chikho cha chipatsocho n'chosangalatsa, koma chimasungidwa bwino.
Zophatikiza ndizoyenera kuti zikhale zogwiritsira ntchito mapuloteni atsopano, omwe ali ndi bowa lokoma kwambiri. Kukula kwa zipatso ndi kochepa, kofiirira, ndi khungu loyera khungu. Kwa tizilombo toyambitsa kang'anga, biringanya izi ndi zosagonjetsa, zowonongeka ndi bowa zina zoopsa sizimakhudzidwa.
Kubzala aubergine mu wowonjezera kutentha
Kukonzekera chodzala cha zomera zokonda kutentha kumakonzedwa patsogolo. Pa mabedi muyenera kuyeretsa namsongole, zouma zouma, zinyalala. Ndikofunika kuthirira nthaka ndi madzi oyera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kotero kuti otsala amchere amatsuka. Pankhaniyi, momwe mungabzalitsire eggplants mu wowonjezera kutentha, simungathe kunyalanyaza kutayika kwa nthaka. Kutentha kotentha kwa nthaka ndi madzi otentha ndi koyenera, m'malo mwake kumtunda kumakhala masentimita 20-25 wosanjikiza ndi nthaka yatsopano. Mukhoza kupanga laimu (100 g pa 1 mita imodzi ya nthaka yotentha) kapena kupiritsa mankhwalawa ndi 40% (25 ml pa madzi okwanira 1 litre).
Kodi kudzala aubergines mu wowonjezera kutentha?
Mu chipinda chopanda kutentha muyenera kudziwa nthawi yoyamba kubzala. Ndikofunika kuti panthawi ya kulima kutentha kwa sing'anga mkati sikumsika kuposa 18 ° C, ndipo nthaka - 15 ° C. Kwa nyengo iliyonse, kuyamba kwa ntchito ndi mbande kungakhale kosiyana, kumpoto ndikumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, ndipo kumadera akummwera munthu akhoza kuyamba kubzala kuyambira April. M'nyengo yotentha yotentha, kusamalira zomera n'kosavuta. Pano, eni enieni omwe amadziwa bwino momwe angabzalitsire eggplants mu wowonjezera kutentha, amathera nthawi yodzala mbande okha malingana ndi msika.
Pa mtunda uti ndi biringanya zomwe zimabzala mu wowonjezera kutentha?
Kulima ndi kusamalira mbande kumachitika mwapadera miphika yodzala ndi michere yosakaniza. Kubzala m'mabotolo kumawotchera okwera masentimita 20. Kuzama kwa mbande poyerekeza ndi dothi lakunja laling'ono - mpaka masentimita 1.Zomera za zomera izi zimafalikira, choncho mtunda wa pakati pa eggplant mu wowonjezera kutentha ukhoza kupirira 40-45 masentimita.Kodi ndibwino kuti mutuluke pakati pa akulu - 60-65 masentimita. Pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko yolondola, mumatha kufika mapapu asanu pa 1 sq. M.
Ndi chiyani chodzala eggplants mu wowonjezera kutentha?
Kulumikizana kwa aubergini mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi nkhani yovuta, osati ndi mitundu yonse ya chikhalidwe iwo amachitira bwino. Okhala nawo pafupi ndi tomato. Ngati tomato muli mitundu yayitali , yesani kubzala kuti asaponyedwe pa "buluu" mthunzi wamphamvu, mwinamwake sipadzakhala kukolola kwa zipatso zabwino. Nkhaka amafuna mosiyana kwambiri mlingo wa chinyezi, kotero kusamalira ndi kukula iwo ndi biringanya ali osavomerezeka. Mukhoza kubzala uta mu wowonjezera kutentha, mphukira zobiriwira sizimasokoneza nightshade yathu yokongola.
Biringanya chisamaliro mu wowonjezera kutentha
Simungapeze kukolola kwapamwamba komanso kotheka kwambiri popanda ntchito yothandizira. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, momwe mungakwerere eggplants mu wowonjezera kutentha, iwo amathandiza kwambiri. Popanda chithandizo cha mbewu, kuyang'anira namsongole ndi tizirombo, minda yanu yokongoletsedwa bwino imabisala ndi mafinya ndi kufota, okhudzidwa ndi matenda opanda chifundo.
Zomwe mungachite kuti mukhale ndi aubergines:
- Mankhwala a mbewu mu manganese kapena hydrogen peroxide.
- Kutsekula m'mimba kwa nthaka mutabzala chaka chatha.
- Kutentha ndi chinyezi kulamulira.
- Gwiritsani ntchito kusamalidwa ndi mankhwala ndi tizilombo pamene matenda kapena tizilombo timapezeka.
- Kudzetsa udzu.
Biringanya mu wowonjezera kutentha - dothi
Kusakaniza kwa dothi kwa mbeuyi kumakonzedwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zomwe zilipo. Momwemo, momwe mungakwerere eggplants mu wowonjezera kutentha, pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya nthaka yakugwiritsiridwa ntchito, peat 60%, humus 20%, mchenga wodulidwa kapena msuzi 5%. Kuzaza zakudya ndi feteleza kumawonjezera zokolola kwambiri pamene akusamalira achifundo omwe amachitira nightshade. Kutatsala pang'ono kukumba nthaka, bedi lidzaza ndi mchere wothandiza. Pa mtunda wokwana 1 sq. M perekani magalasi awiri a phulusa ndipo mupangepo supuni ya feteleza zotsatirazi: saltpeter , superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulphate .
Kodi mungapange bwanji aubergines mu wowonjezera kutentha?
Ngati zomera zimamasula momasuka m'nthaka, ndiye kuti chipatso chimangowola mwamsanga, muyenera kusankha imodzi mwa mitundu ya mitengo yamtengo wapatali m'minda ya greenhouses:
- Kupanga biringanya mu wowonjezera kutentha mwa njira yakale pogwiritsira ntchito ziboliboli, pamene gulu la nightshade 4 limabzalidwa ndipakati ndipo limamangirizidwa kumbali yapakati.
- Njira yachiwiri yosamalirira ndikukula chomera mu tsinde limodzi ndikuchotsedwa nthawi zonse.
- Njira yachitatu yogwiritsira ntchito ndikumasiya nthambi ziwiri kapena zitatu za biringanya mutatha kuziyika ndikuziyika ku trellis.
Biringanya kuvala mu wowonjezera kutentha
Kugwiritsa ntchito mchere kumakhala koopsa komanso kumayambitsa poyizoni ndi nitrates, koma ntchito yawo yolimbitsa thupi imathandizira kukula kwa solanaceae. Kukula kwa eggplants mu wowonjezera kutentha kumafuna feteleza zina zitatu kapena zisanu. Choyamba chimachitika masabata angapo mutabzala mmera. Pamaso pa fruiting, n'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito azofosca (supuni 3 pa chidebe), zosakaniza zovuta za "Kemir zonse" kapena "Rastvorin". Pamene chipatso chikuwonekera, mullein amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kulowetsedwa (ndondomeko 1:10) kapena madzi opaka mphamvu kuchokera kwa namsongole ndi yisiti.
Kuwetsa aubergines mu wowonjezera kutentha
Mitengo imeneyi imalimbikitsa kulima kwa madzi okwanira, pamene nthaka imakhala yowonongeka, ndipo mumlengalenga peresenti ya chinyezi. Mu njirayi, momwe mungasamalire maubergine mu wowonjezera kutentha, muyenera kuyesa kubweretsa madzi m'mawa. Chomera chabwino cha microclimate chimathandiza kukhala ndi nkhono kuchokera ku singano kapena agrofibers komanso kuyendetsa nthawi ya zomera. Kuthira koyamba kumachitika masiku asanu mutabzala. Ndibwino kuti zilowetse nthaka mozama masentimita 15 popanda kutsuka masamba.