Ngakhale zizindikiro zoyamba za chimfine zimatchulidwa. Zimakhala ngati chizindikiro cha alamu, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mukufunikira kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa matendawa ndi osayenera. Zimakhudza anthu a mibadwo yosiyanasiyana ndi kugonana. Chaka chilichonse, anthu mazana mazana amamwalira ndi mavuto omwe amachititsa.
Mitundu ya chimfine
Pali mitundu yambiri ya matenda opatsiranawa. Mtundu wa matenda umatsimikiziridwa ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a chiwindi. Njira za matenda ndi:
- mpweya;
- pini;
- mpweya.
Fluenza A mtundu
Kachilombo ka mtundu umenewu sikakhudza anthu okha, komanso nyama. Oimira Bright matenda opatsirana a gulu lino ndi "avian" ndi matenda a nkhumba . Kachilombo kameneka kamapangitsa kuti matenda aziwopsa kwambiri komanso nthawi zina. Kuipa kwa matenda opatsirana a gulu lino ndiko kuti kachilombo ka HIV kamatha kusintha mwamsanga, kupanga mawonekedwe atsopano a antigenic. Kawirikawiri matendawa amakhala mliri.
Fluenza A ya mtundu B
Matenda owopsya ndi mavairasi oterewa ndi owopsa kwa anthu okha. Iwo samafalitsa pa zinyama. Ngakhale kuti kachilombo ka nthendayi B imatha kusintha, imachitika mobwerezabwereza kuposa m'kalasi A. Zomwe zimasintha pakupanga antigenic ndi zaka khumi. Mliri wa miliri - zaka 5-6. Iwo angayambe kutsogolo kwa fuluwenza A kapena panthawi yomweyo akuyenda nawo. Chidziwitso cha matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa ndi kuti amafalitsa kudera lochepa. M'mawu ena, iwo ali a chikhalidwe chapafupi.
Fluenza mtundu wa mtundu C
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayambitsa matendawa timakhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa (nthawi zina zimachitika pafupifupi popanda zizindikiro). Monga kachilombo ka B, imapatsira anthu okha, koma osati kuopseza nyama. Gwerola C sichimayambitsa mliri. Kuwonjezera apo, izo ziribe zotsatira zoopsa. Komabe, mpaka lero, kachilombo ka provoker kamangophunzira pang'ono.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - zizindikiro
Nthawi yopangira mavitamini opatsirana oterewa amatha maola 3 mpaka masiku atatu. Kawirikawiri kuchokera pa nthawi ya matenda ku maonekedwe a zizindikiro zoyamba, kupitirira kwa tsiku limodzi. Ngati kachilombo kamene kamalowa m'thupi, nthawi yotentha imatha. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, mlingo wa chitukuko cha matendawa umakhudza momwe thupi limatetezera. Mphamvu yotetezera chitetezo - nthawi yochulukirapo imadutsa kuchokera panthawi ya maonekedwe a zizindikiro zoyamba pambuyo pa matenda.
Poyamba, zizindikiro za chimfine ndi izi:
- mutu ;
- thukuta;
- kupuma m'mapfupa;
- chills;
- chithunzi;
- coryza;
- chiwonetsero;
- kuchepa kwa mphamvu;
- kunjenjemera;
- chotsatira chosautsa pakamwa;
- kukwiya.
Powonjezereka, zizindikiro zoyambirira za fuluwenza zimathandizidwa ndi zizindikiro zotere:
- kutentha kwa thupi;
- chifuwa chouma, chomwe chimaphatikizidwa ndi ululu m'chifuwa;
- conjunctivitis;
- chithunzithunzi cha nkhope;
- khungu louma kwambiri;
- phokoso m'makutu;
- myalgia .
Komabe, palinso zizindikiro zoopsa za fuluwenza. Ngati alipo, muyenera kutchula ambulansi yomweyo. Nkhawa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- kutentha kwakukulu, komwe kumatenga masiku oposa asanu;
- kutaya chidziwitso;
- phokoso;
- maonekedwe a dyspnea;
- kupwetekedwa mtima kumene sikulepheretsa ngakhale atalandira mankhwala opweteka;
- kuthamanga pakhungu.
Kuthamanga kwa madzi
Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zikuwonetseredwa, makamaka zidalira pa siteji ya matendawa. Pali nthenda yotere:
- Kuunika - limodzi ndi kutuluka pang'ono kutentha kwa thupi (mpaka 38 ° C). Panthawiyi, zizindikiro za kumwa mowa zingakhale zofewa kapena zosakhalapo.
- Kuchuluka kwalemera - kutentha kukukwera kufika 39.5 ° C. Panthawi imeneyi, palikumwa mowa, kusokonezeka kwa minofu, kuunika kwa maso ndi zizindikiro zina.
- Maonekedwe aakulu - limodzi ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 40 ° C. Zizindikiro zomwe zili panthawi ino zimatchulidwa: zimakhala zofanana ndi zizindikiro za chimfine panthawi yoyamba, ziwonetsere ndi mphamvu zowonjezereka.
- Maonekedwe amphamvu - ndi kutentha kwake kumapitirira 40 ° C. Pali zilonda zamkati zamkati zamkati. Nthawi zina, kulephera kupuma kumachitika.
- Fomu yowombetsa ndi yoopsa chifukwa cha kufulumira kwa chitukuko cha matendawa. Zingatsogolere ku imfa.
Ululu wa chimfine
Kusokonezeka maganizo kumayambira kumayambiriro pambuyo pa matenda. Zizindikiro zoyamba za chimfine ndi zopweteka. Zikuwoneka ngakhale kutentha kwa thupi kusanafike. Malo am'deralo akhoza kusiyana:
- mutu;
- thora;
- minofu ya miyendo;
- maso ndi zina zotero.
Kutentha kwa chimfine
Ndi momwe thupi limatetezera kuledzera kumayendetsa matendawa. Chinthu chosiyana ndi chakuti kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kumachitika mwamphamvu. Maola oŵerengeka okha, ndipo chizindikiro chimasonyeza kusokonezeka kwakukulu kuchokera ku chizoloŵezi. Kodi kutentha kumakhalabe ndi chimfine kumadalira zinthu zotsatirazi:
- kupweteka kwa matenda;
- chitetezo cha thupi;
- phwando la antipyretics.
Kuledzera ndi chimfine
Chizindikiro ichi chimachokera ku ntchito ya chitetezo cha mthupi, chomwe ntchito zake zimayesetsa kuthetsa vutoli. Magazi, kutsuka minofu yowonongeka, amachotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pamene chimfine ndiledzera kwambiri. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti mavairasi amabalanso pamtundu wotchuka, zomwe zimabweretsa chiwerengero chachikulu cha iwo. Kuti thupi lisapitirire, thupi limayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri. Kumwa mowa kumagwirizana ndi zizindikiro zina za chimfine. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa thupi, kuwonetseredwa ndi kuzizira ndi malungo.
Kodi mungasiyanitse bwanji chimfine ku chimfine ndi SARS?
Matendawa ali ndi zofanana zambiri. Komabe, amakhalanso osiyana. Mmene mungasiyanitse kutentha kwa chimfine ku chimfine, mukhoza kumvetsa chifukwa cha zizindikiro:
- Kutentha - ndi chimfine, ndizochepa kuposa zachilendo, ndi ARVI - kufika pa 38 ° C, ndipo pamene chimfine chimakwera kufika 40 ° C.
- Kuledzeretsa - chimfine chimakhala chopanda chizindikiro ichi, ndipo mumatenda opatsirana kwambiri ndi ntchentche imatchulidwa.
- Kusokonezeka kwapadera ndi mphuno yothamanga - kuwona kuyambira maola oyambirira ndi chimfine. Ndili ndi ARVI, chizindikiro ichi chimayamba kudziwonetsera patangotha masiku angapo pambuyo poledzera, komanso ndi chimfine - monga vuto.
- Zowawa zowopsya - bwerani ndi ARVI ndi chimfine. Ndi kuzizira, iwo salipo.
Dokotala yekha ndi amene angathe kudziwa bwinobwino. Anthu ambiri sadziwa kuti akudwala ndi chimfine. Atanyamula nthendayi pamapazi awo, amaganiza kuti izi ndizozizira. Kuti muweruze zomwe ziridi, mungathe kutalika kwa nthawi yochira. Pambuyo pa kuzizira, munthu amachedwa kubwerera kumoyo wamba, osati kukumbukira kukhumudwa. Kubwezeretsa pambuyo pa chimfine chitapitirira kwa nthawi yaitali. Zamoyo pambuyo povutika maganizo zili ndi zotsatira zoopsa.
Matenda a chimfine
M'gulu la chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha zotsatira zoipa ndi magulu oterowo:
- ana aang'ono (mpaka zaka 4);
- amayi apakati;
- anthu omwe akudwala matenda a mtima ndi mapapo;
- okalamba;
- omwe amadwala matenda aakulu (sinusitis, otitis, bronchitis);
- anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto mu chitetezo cha mthupi.
Matenda oterewa pambuyo pa chimfine nthawi zambiri:
- chisokonezo;
- kupweteka;
- edema wa ubongo;
- tonsillitis;
- radiculitis;
- chibayo ;
- kutsogolo;
- Otitis.
Fluenza - chochita chiyani?
Chithandizo cha matendawa chiyenera kuchitika motsogoleredwa ndi dokotala. Ndibwino kuti musanapite kukaonana ndi dokotala kuti musadwale mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso antipyretic, chifukwa izi zidzasokoneza chithunzi cha matendawa. Pambuyo poyezetsa wodwalayo dokotalayo adzasankha kuti ayenera kuchitiridwa chithandizo - kunyumba kapena kuchipatala. Kuonjezerapo, adzalongosola njira yopangira chithandizo.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu ayambe kupuma mofulumira ndi kupuma kwa bedi komanso kutsatira ndondomeko ya dokotala. Pano pali njira yochizira matenda a chimfine:
- anti-antiretroal agents (Tamiflu, Remantadine);
- mapiritsi a antipyretic motsutsana ndi chimfine (Ibuprofen, Aspirin, Paracetamol);
- zothetsera electrolyte (Regidron, Humana);
- antibacterial agents (Macrolides, Fluoroquinolones);
- antihistamines (Citrine, Suprastin);
- Kukhwima (ACTS, Lazolvan);
- mankhwala osokoneza bongo (Otryvin, Naphthysine, Pharmazoline).
Pakati pa chithandizo, muyenera kumwa mowonjezera: 2 malita a madzi tsiku lililonse. Ndibwino kuti kutentha kwa zakumwa zotere ndi 37-39 ° C. Choncho madziwa amayamba kuyamwa ndikubweretsa phindu lalikulu kwa thupi. Monga kumwa mowa wabwino, tebulo la zipatso zouma, chamomile kapena laimu decoction. Mankhwalawa amatha kuthetsa zizindikiro za matenda a chimfine ndipo amathetsa vutoli.
Monga mankhwala othandiza, anthu amagwiritsa ntchito "mankhwala". Ntchito yawo iyenera kuchitidwa motsogoleredwa ndi dokotala, chifukwa mankhwala omwe amauzidwa kuti akhale ndi chimfine angakhale osagwirizana ndi mankhwala ena. Izi sizikuthandiza kuthetsa matendawa, koma zimathandizanso kuti mliriwo asinthe. Pa chifukwa ichi, kudzipiritsa sikungaloledwe. Kuloledwa kwa mankhwala ndi mankhwala ochizira ayenera kuchitidwa pokhapokha kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.
Kuteteza fuluwenza
Ndi kosavuta kupewa kutayika kwa matenda kusiyana ndi kuchiza kapena kulimbana ndi zotsatira zoipa zomwe zakhala zikutsutsana nazo. Katemera wotsutsana ndi chimfine sizowonjezera, zomwe zimapereka chikwi chimodzi chotsimikiziranso kuti matendawa sangafike. Katemera wa panthawi yake umathandiza kuchepetsa matenda komanso kuchepetsa mavuto.
Kuti musadwale, muyenera kulimbikitsa chitetezo chokwanira. Njira yabwino yotetezera imayambitsa matendawa: imachepetsa zizindikiro za kuyamba kwa chimfine. Kulimbikitsa chitetezo kumathandizira zotsatirazi:
- kuumitsa;
- Zakudya zabwino (ndizofunikira kuti zakudya zamasamba ndi zipatso);
- kusamba m'manja nthawi zonse mutapita m'misewu ndi malo ammudzi, musanadye chakudya, pambuyo pa chimbudzi ndi zina zotero;
- phwando la ma multivitamin complexes (Decameweith, Hexavita);
- kuyendetsa nthawi zonse m'chipinda ndi kuyeretsa konyowa;
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi (kuyenda, kuwongolera);
- Mafuta a mchere wamphongo ndi Vaseline kapena Oxolin musanapite ku msewu panthawi ya mliri;
- kukana zizoloŵezi zoipa;
- kuchepetsa kuchepetsa nkhawa;
- kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zozitetezera pa nthawi ya mliri (mask);
- kugona kwathunthu ndi kupumula.