Dharma mu Chihindu ndi Buddhism - kutanthauzira bwanji dharma?

M'masulidwe, filosofi ya Buddhist "dharma" imatanthawuzidwa ngati chithandizo, ikhoza kuimiridwa ngati malamulo omwe amathandiza kuti mlengalenga azikhala bwino. Izi ndizo makhalidwe abwino, njira yolungama yomwe munthu ayenera kutsatira pofuna kupeza chidziwitso. Cholinga cha dharma ndicho mgwirizano wa moyo ndi chowonadi, chomwe chimakwaniritsidwa.

Kodi dharma ndi chiyani?

M'malemba achi Buddha mawu a Sanskrit mawu dharma amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mawu awiri:

1. Ambiri ku India wakale, amalembedwa ndi kalata yaikulu, kutanthauza "lamulo".
2. Wachibuda kwambiri wa Chibuda. Osatembenuzidwa, spelled ndi kalata yaying'ono

Chifukwa cha malingaliro, pali ziganizo zambiri zomwe zimalongosola lingaliro la "dharma." Mfundo zoyambirira: zimapereka ulemu, zimalangiza momwe tingakhalire ogwirizana ndi chilengedwe ndikukhutira. Kodi dharma amatanthauzanji?

1. Potsatira cholinga chathu, ntchito ya chilengedwe chonse.
2. Kukula mwamakhalidwe, kulankhulana ndi mabungwe apamwamba.
3. Kukhulupirika kumakhalidwe abwino.
4. Kupititsa patsogolo kwake kwapamwamba ndi kuponderezedwa kwa m'munsi.
5. Makhalidwe abwino a dziko lapansi.

Dharma imathandiza munthu kufika kwa Mulungu, amatchedwanso kulinganitsa pakati pa ungwiro ndi uzimu. Monga momwe chiphunzitso cha Indian chimanenera, moyo wolungama uli ndi mbali zinayi:

• kupulumutsa (tapamp);
• chiyeretso (shauch);
• chifundo (chosautsa)
• chilungamo (satya).

Dharma mu Buddhism

Mawu awa amatanthauziridwa mu zipembedzo zosiyanasiyana. M'Buddha, dharma imatengedwa kutanthauzira kofunikira, maonekedwe a chiphunzitso cha Buddha - choonadi choposa. Pali tsatanetsatane yomwe Buddha amati adawona kuti munthu aliyense ndi wapadera, kotero palibe chiganizo chachikulu cha dharma zomwe zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Pali chiphunzitso chokha, chifukwa cha gawo lina la okhulupilira - lake lomwe. Kodi dharma mu Buddhism ndi chiyani?

• makhalidwe, omwe anthu amayenera kukwaniritsa;
• zovuta za zigawo zomalizira, zinagawaniza kuyera kwa chilengedwe chonse.

Dharma mu Chihindu

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, gulu la Chihindu lotchulidwa m'malemba akale, wolemba Ramacharitamanasa Tulsidas anamutcha kuti ndiye gwero la chifundo. Kodi ndi chiani mu Chihindu?

1. Lamulo la malamulo a chilengedwe chonse, poona zomwe, munthu amakhala wosangalala.
2. Malamulo abwino ndi chilango chauzimu.
3. Maziko a okhulupilira, ndikuti amagwira zolengedwa zonse za Mulungu padziko lapansi.

Makamaka amalipidwa pophunzitsa lingaliro lotero monga dharma wa moyo wa banja . Malingana ndi malemba a Vedic, ngati munthu m'banja akutsatira ntchito yake, ndiye kuti Mulungu adzabwezera zonse. Kwa mkaziyo ndi:

• kukhala wokhulupirika, wokhoza kutumikira mwamuna wake;
• kumvetsetsa achibale awo;
• kuthandizira mutu wa banja mu chirichonse, tsatirani njira yake.

Kwa mwamuna:

• chitetezeni mkazi wake pazochitika zonse;
• kukhala wokhulupirika;
• apatseni mkazi ndi ana;
• khalani mtsogoleri wauzimu wa banja.

Dharma mu nyenyezi

Okhulupirira nyenyezi achita zofuna zawo, kutanthauzira lingaliro la "dharma." Mu sayansi ya zakumwamba, nyumba zomwe zimasonyeza umunthu dharma, nambala 1, 5 ndi 9 ndi nyumba zabwino kwambiri za horoscope. Ngati ali amphamvu, ndiye kuti munthu wapatsidwa nzeru ndi luso lalikulu. Nyumba za dharma zimadziwika kuti munthu wina ali ndi karma yokondweretsa kwambiri. Cholinga chachikulu cha munthu kuchokera pa kubadwa ndiko kutsata ndondomeko yake, ndipo zipilala zisanu za chiphunzitso zingamuthandize:

• chidziwitso;
• chilungamo;
• chipiliro;
• chikhulupiriro;
• chikondi.

Mitundu ya dharma

Pali 5 dharmas mu chiphunzitso chomwe chimamasuliridwa kuti "mfundo zachikhalidwe": "

1. Musamawononge zinthu zonse zamoyo.
2. Pewani kukonza zomwe zinaperekedwa osati mwa kufuna kwawo.
3. Pewani zonyansa komanso kugwiritsira ntchito zamoyo zina.
4. Kupewa kunama, kumenyana ndi magwero ake: chiyanjano, udani ndi mantha.
5. Musamamwe mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti musadziwe. M'mayiko ena omwe amatchedwa Buddhism, mawu awa amatanthauzidwa kukhala osadziletsa kwathunthu, mwa ena ndi ochepa.

Kodi mumadziwa bwanji dharma yanu?

Anthu ambiri amadzifunsa okha momwe angatanthauzire vuto lawo? Vedas akulangizidwa kuti azitsogoleredwa ndi chikumbumtima chawo ndi makhalidwe awo, osati mwa phindu, chifukwa, chomwe chiri chofunikira kwambiri kwa iye m'moyo, munthu ayenera kusankha yekha. Asayansi apeza mitundu 5 ya machitidwe omwe amathandiza kuti "ayese" pa iwo:

1. Ounikira : asayansi, aphunzitsi, madokotala, atsogoleri. Makhalidwe: chifundo, nzeru.
2. Msilikali : asilikali, apolisi, malamulo. Makhalidwe: kulimbika, kuona.
3. Wogulitsa : amalonda, amalonda. Makhalidwe: chifundo, mphamvu.
4. Wogwira ntchito : amisiri, ogwira ntchito. Makhalidwe: kudzipereka, chipiriro.
5. Wopanduka : kuthekera kumvetsetsa, chikondi cha ufulu.

Wheel of Dharma - Chidziwitso

Gudumu la dharma imatchedwa chizindikiro chopatulika cha kuphunzitsa kwa Buddhist, ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti ichi ndi chithunzi choyambirira. Gudumu imakhala ndi mawu asanu mpaka asanu ndi atatu, muzojambula zina pafupi ndi izo pali nthenda. Kale ku India chikhalidwe chinatanthauza chitetezo, mu Buddhism ndi chizindikiro cha Buddha. Pali lingaliro la "kutembenuza gudumu la dharma," likuti Buddha anaphunzitsa osati yekha, chiphunzitso chake monga gudumu, ndikumayenda mofulumira ndi zaka zambiri pambuyo pake.

1. Kutembenuka koyamba kwa gudumu kumatchulidwa paki yamapiri Phiri, komwe Buddha adanena za Karma.
2. Wachiwiri ali Rajgir, kumene Mulungu anaphunzitsa anthu Prajnaparamita.
3. Kutembenuka kwachitatu kwa gudumu la dharma kunachitika mmizinda yosiyanasiyana, pamene Buddha ankaphunzitsa chinsinsi cha Mantrayana okha ophunzira ophunzira kwambiri.