Irises ndi zokongola kwambiri za minda yathu, mapaki ndi malo. Iwo amadziwika kuyambira kale ndipo akhala akuyamikira ndi kuyamikira kukongola kwawo kodabwitsa. Analimbikitsa iwo anayamba zaka zoposa 2,000 zapitazo, akugwiritsanso ntchito ngati chida komanso mankhwala.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya irises - ndevu , beardless, bulbous. Zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndipo zingakhale zazikulu, nsomba zazikuluzikulu ndi zamkati. Malinga ndi maluwa, ali oyambirira, sing'anga oyambirira, pakati ndi mochedwa.
Kulima kwa irises poyera pansi
Ngati mukufuna kufesa maluwa okongoletserawa pa malo anu, muyenera kudziwa za zovuta za kubzala ndi kusamalira irises pamtunda.
Kubalana kumachitika m'njira ziwiri: ndi mbewu ndi kugawa chitsamba. Mothandizidwa ndi mbewu, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera zakutchire imapezeka, pamene zomera zolima zimataya makhalidwe awo. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu ndi kupatulidwa kwa rhizome ndi kubzala kwa "scapula" ndi masamba.
Popeza chomeracho ndi cha rhizome, amatha kukula pamalo amodzi kwa zaka zingapo. Pafupifupi zaka 7-8 ndizofunika kugawaniza ndikuziphatikiza, kuti asatayike chifukwa cha imfa ya mbali ina ya rhizome. Mitundu ina imayenera kupatsirana pambuyo pa zaka 3-4.
Pamene kudzala irises?
Kubzala ndi kuziika kumachitika pa kukula kwa mizu. Nthawi ino irises ikubwera 2-3 masabata pambuyo mapeto a maluwa. Ndikofunika kuti mukhale ndi nthawi yogawidwa ndi kusamalidwa pang'onopang'ono pa maluwa omwe mumapanga maluwa, chifukwa mizu yaing'ono imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Ngati simunakhale ndi nthawi yoyamba, muyenera bwino kudikira mpaka kumapeto kwa mwezi wa August ndi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa September, pamene amatha kukhala fibrous ndi kutaya chidutswa chawo.
Musanayambe kugawira iris, chitsamba chiyenera kutsanulidwa, pang'onopang'ono kumbali zonse ndi zitsamba ndi kuchotsedwa pansi. Rhizomes ndi osambitsidwa, kudula mu zigawo ndi 1-2 chaka maulendo. Ayenera kuti asatetezedwe mwa njira yothetsera potassium permanganate kapena pokonzekera "Maxim" ndi zouma padzuwa.
Masamba, kuti achepetse kusungunuka kwa chinyezi, kuchepetsani pang'ono, osapitirira 10 masentimita. "Mabokosi" awa akhoza kulimbana bwinobwino ndi masabata awiri a yosungirako kauma firiji. Kusunga madzi kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa rhizome.
Pamene kudzala irises otseguka pansi?
Chotsatira chodzala zinthu pambuyo pa kusungirako kouma kapena kusefukira kwa nthawi yaitali kumafuna chithandizo ndi kukula kowonjezera - "Zircon" kapena "Ecogel".
Mukhoza kulima irises kumapeto kwa September. Pambuyo pake mubzala pali ngozi yofera m'nyengo yozizira. Ngati mutayaza irises mochedwa, muyenera kuwaphimba ndi 8-centimeter wosanjikiza mchenga ndi phulusa, spruce lapnik kapena peat.
Pansi pa dzenje, mtunda wa dziko umatsanulidwa ndipo rhizome imayikidwa pa iyo pang'onopang'ono. Wosakaniza masamba ayenera kutsogoleredwa kumwera, kotero kuti chitsamba chimapanga symmetrically. Kenaka dzenje likutsekedwa ndi nthaka, kuchoka pamwamba pa tsambalo pamwamba. Musaiwale kuti madzi omwe anabzala irises.
Kusamalira irises m'dzinja
Kukonzekera irises kwa wintering zimadalira dera kukula, komanso pa zomera zosiyanasiyana.
Mitundu yofatsa iyenera kufukula ndi kusungidwa m'chipinda chouma ndi mpweya wokwanira kufikira masika. Izi zikhoza kuchitika kokha masamba atatha. Ma rhizomes akhoza kuumitsidwa m'chipinda ndi kutentha kwa 20-25 ° C kwa mwezi umodzi. Ndiye iwo amachotsedwa ku malo ozizira. Kubzala kumapeto kwa nyengo kumapangidwa pamene dziko lapansi liphulika mpaka 10 ° C.