Kufufuza kwa PCR za matenda

PCR, kapena ayi polymerase chain chain, ndi njira ya ma laboratory matenda a matenda osiyanasiyana.

Njira imeneyi inakhazikitsidwa ndi Cary Muillis mmbuyo mu 1983. Poyambirira, PCR imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu za sayansi, koma patapita kanthawi zinayambika pa ntchito yothandizira.

Chofunika kwambiri cha njirayi ndi kuzindikira kuti causative wothandizira matenda mu DNA ndi zigawo za RNA. Kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, palinso chidutswa cha DNA chomwe chimayambitsa kulengedwa kwa makope ake ambiri. Zikufanizidwa ndi deta yomwe ilipo yomwe ili ndi chidziwitso pa kapangidwe ka DNA ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Mothandizidwa ndi mapulogalamu a polymerase, ndizotheka kuti apeze kachilombo ka HIV, komanso kuti apereke kuchuluka kwake.

Kodi PCR imagwiritsidwa ntchito liti?

Kufufuza kwa chilengedwe, mothandizidwa ndi PCR, kumathandiza kuzindikira matenda osiyanasiyana a urogenital, kuphatikizapo zobisika, zomwe sizidziwonetsa okha ngati zizindikiro zapadera.

Njira iyi ya kafukufuku imatithandizira kudziwa zotsatirazi:

• mitsempha yonse ya herpes simplex;
• HIV;
• gardnerellez ;
• chlamydia;
• ureaplasmosis;
• Candidiasis;
• mycoplasmosis;
• chotsitsa;
• matenda a papillomavirus ;
• komanso hepatitis B ndi C, chifuwa chachikulu, Helicobacteriosis, matenda opatsirana a mononucleosis.

Pokonzekera komanso panthawi ya mimba, mayi ayenera kupatsidwa kachilombo ka HIV pa matenda osiyanasiyana.

Zida zamakono za kafukufuku wa PCR

Kuti mudziwe matendawa ndi PCR, zotsatirazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito:

• mkodzo, swab kuchokera ku khola lachiberekero (mwa akazi), swab kuchokera ku urethra, zozizira kuchokera kumaliseche - pofuna kuyesa matenda opatsirana pogonana;
• magazi - kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi kachirombo ka HIV ndi matenda a chiwindi;
• Smear pammero - pofuna kufufuza za matenda opatsirana a mononucleosis.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa ma CDR omwe amawapeza

Kuyenerera kwa kusanthula matenda, kochitidwa ndi njira ya PCR ndi:

1. Universality - pamene njira zina zochizira zilibe mphamvu, PCR imapezetsa RNA ndi DNA iliyonse.
2. Zenizeni. M'nkhani yophunzira, njirayi ikuwonekera mndandanda wa nucleotide zomwe zimakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mapuloteni otchedwa polymerase amachititsa kuti zitha kuzindikiritsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
3. Kutengeka. Kutenga pogwiritsira ntchito njirayi kumawonekera, ngakhale zomwe zilipo ndizochepa.
4. Kuchita bwino. Kudziwa kuti causative wothandizira amatenga nthawi ndithu - maola angapo chabe.
5. Kuonjezera apo, polymerase kayendedwe kamathandizira kuti asazindikire momwe thupi la munthu limalowera polowera mkati mwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Chifukwa cha izi, n'zotheka kuwona matenda a wodwalayo musanayambe kudziwonetsera okha ndi zizindikiro zinazake.

Njira "zowonongeka" za njirayi ndizofunikira kuika mwakhama zofunikira pazowunikira zipinda zamakono ndi zowonongeka kwambiri, kotero kuti kuipitsidwa kwa zamoyo zina zomwe zatengedwa kuti zisanthule zinthu zakuthupi sizichitika.

Nthawi zina kafukufuku wochitidwa ndi PCR akhoza kupereka zotsatira zolakwika pakupezeka zizindikiro za matenda ena. Izi zikhoza kusonyeza kusagwirizana ndi malamulo a kusonkhanitsa zinthu zakuthupi.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, zotsatira zabwino zowunika sizisonyeza kuti wodwalayo ali ndi matenda enaake. Kotero, mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pa chithandizo, wothandizira wakufa kwa nthawi inayake amapereka zotsatira zabwino za PCR kusanthula.