Aliyense munda akulota kuti pa malo ake onunkhira duwa baka rose. Pambuyo pake, duwa ndi duwa lokongola komanso lofunikanso kwa gulu lalikulu la tizirombo. Mmodzi mwa iwo "okonda maluwa" ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Zing'onozing'ono, ndi miyendo yopyapyala, yosasunthika tizilombo, zimawoneka zopanda phindu kuti wamaluwa ambiri samathamangira kuchitapo kanthu, ndikupeza nsabwe za m'masamba pamaluwa. Mwa njira, nsabwe za m'masamba sizingakhale zobiriwira zokha, komanso zofiirira, ndi imvi, ndi zakuda, ndi zofiira. Tizilombo timene timagwirizanitsa mitundu yoposa 3000 ndipo chaka chilichonse pali zatsopano. Choyamba, timagulu timodzi timagwiritsa ntchito zomera, koma ngati simutengapo kanthu mwamsanga, patapita masiku angapo nsabwe za m'masamba zidzamamatira kumtunda wolimba, pamunsi pa masamba. Kenaka omwe sanafikepo alimi wamaluwa amayamba mantha: "Pa aphid maluwa, choti muchite"?
Ngati nsabwe za m'masamba zimayambitsa nsabwe za m'masamba, muyenera kuchita bwino komanso mofulumira. M'nkhani ino tidzakudziwitsani mwatsatanetsatane momwe mungapewere milandu yotereyi, ndipo ndi njira zotani zomwe zimachokera ku nsabwe za m'masamba pamaluwa.
Kodi mungateteze bwanji maluwa ku nsabwe za m'masamba?
Chida chachikulu cha wolima munda ayenera kupeŵa kuoneka kwa tizirombo, ndiye kuti sichiyenera kuthana ndi chiwonongeko chawo. Pofuna kuyang'anitsitsa tizilombo tonyalanyaza pa tsamba lanu:
- Ndikofunika tsiku ndi tsiku, kapena kangapo pa sabata, kuti tiwone bwinobwino tchire la rosi, chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mawere aphid, kapena mame okoma okoma;
- tikufunika kupalira nthawi zonse ndikumasula;
- Ndikofunikira popanda kutentheka kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, monga nsabwe za m'masamba zimatha kukhazikika, ponse pazowonjezera zomera ndi overfed;
- Muyenera kudziwa kuti nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhala bwino kwambiri, zomera zokometsera zomwe zimabzalidwa pafupi: parsley, katsabola , fennel ;
- ndikofunika kupanga zinthu zabwino kwa tizilombo ngati mzimayi, earwig omwe angathandize kuthetsa nsabwe za m'masamba pamaluwa awiri;
- Ndikofunika kuwononga nyerere zomwe zimabzala nsabwe za m'masamba.
Zitsanzo zosawerengeka za nsabwe za m'masamba ziyenera kuwonongedwa panthawi imodzimodziyo, motero ndizophwanyika ndi manja awo ndikutumizidwa kukakonzekera kulowetsa mankhwalawa. Musalangize mwamsanga kuti muyambe ndi "zida zolemetsa" - mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Poyambirira, tiyenera kuyesa masamba a mbatata, adyo, tsabola wotentha, kusuta fodya.
Kuteteza maluwa ku nsabwe za m'masamba ndi chithandizo cha mankhwala owerengeka
Choncho, pa zizindikiro zoyamba za nsabwe za m'masamba pa maluwa, kulimbana kumeneku kumayendetsedwa ndi chiopsezo chotetezedwa ndi chilengedwe:
Kulowetsedwa kwa adyo
Garlic ili pafupi ndi wamaluwa onse, kotero ndi imodzi mwa mafinya ambiri omwe amatha kulimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. (300 magalamu a adyo, masentimita 40 a sopo yophika zovala, chidebe cha madzi ofunda).
Kulowetsedwa wa tsabola tsabola
Magalamu 100 a nyemba amphika ola limodzi mu lita imodzi ya madzi. Sungani, tsatirani masiku awiri. Mu madzi osankhidwa onjezerani 40 g sopo (m'nyumba) ndi kuchepetsa madzi ndi malita 10.
Kukonzekera kokonzeka kumachitidwa katatu pafupipafupi masiku khumi.
Momwe mungayankhire maluwa kuchokera ku nsabwe za m'masamba, ngati tizilombo tawonetsa kale chomeracho? Ngati njirayo inapita kutali kwambiri, masamba anayamba kuvutika (kutembenukira chikasu, kupiringa, kugwa), mphukira, ndi nthawi yokatenga zida za mankhwala, koma kumbukirani:
- Pambuyo pa mankhwala osokoneza bongo sikutheka kugwiritsa ntchito maluwa amtundu uliwonse pophika kapena kuphika;
- Kukonzekera mankhwala kumatha kukula pafupi ndi zomera zodyedwa;
- Nsabwe za m'masamba "zidzamvetsetsa" kuti adalengeza nkhondo, ndipo posachedwa padzakhala kulimbana ndi poizoni m'munda wake, zomwe sizili zovuta kwa nsabwe za m'masamba, pamene akuchulukitsa mofulumira.
Chithandizo cha maluwa kuchokera ku nsabwe za m'masamba chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, tikupatsani ochepa, otchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa.
Kukonzekera kwa nsabwe za m'masamba pamaluwa
- anabasine sulphate, kapena nicotine sulphate (2 g pa madzi okwanira 1 litre);
- thiophos (7 g pa 10 malita a madzi);
- kinmix (2.5 g pa chidebe cha madzi);
- makapu (60 g pa 8 malita a madzi);
- rovikurt (5-15 g pa 10 malita a madzi).
Gwiritsani ntchito nthawi imodzi yogwiritsira ntchito, pokhapokha ngati mukufunikanso kuphunzitsidwa. Kumbukirani kuti kukonzekera mankhwala ndi koopsa kwa anthu komanso tizilombo tofunikira.
Zikatero ngati kulimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba pamaluwa, ndi bwino kupeŵa nkhondo ndi njira iliyonse kuposa kupambana. Ife tikukhumba iwe kuti ukhale wopambana mu vuto ili lovuta.