Kusuta kwa othamanga - mankhwala oletsedwa ndi ogwiritsidwa ntchito

Ambiri otchuka adataya makalata awo ndi maudindo atangomveka bwino kuti thupi lawo liri ndi zinthu zakuthambo. Mpaka pano, pali mafunso ambiri ndi kukayikira pakati pa akatswiri othandiza kudziwa ngati n'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito doping. Kuti muyankhe funso ili, nkofunikira kupeza chomwe chiri ndi chifukwa chake chikugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kusuta - ndi chiyani?

Kusuta - ndiko kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zoletsedwa zachibadwa kapena zokhazikika, zomwe zimakulolani kuti mukwaniritse zotsatira zamasewera. Kudya kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumalimbikitsa kuwonjezereka kwa ntchito ya endocrine ndi machitidwe amanjenje, kumawonjezera minofu yaikulu chifukwa cha mapuloteni. Mankhwalawa amalembedwa m'ndandanda wapadera wa World Anti-Doping Agency. Kugwiritsira ntchito kwawo kumabweretsa mavuto osokoneza bongo ndipo kumawononga thanzi laumunthu.

Kodi doping amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Mahomoni otchedwa saboid steroid ndiwo otchuka kwambiri. Mankhwala oterewa ali ndi testosterone, omwe amapangidwa ndi maselo aamuna. Mothandizidwa ndi anabolic kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya thupi, kupweteka kwa thupi ndi kupirira kumachitika. Pambuyo pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zina pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, iwo ali ndi mphamvu zatsopano zimakweza mwayi wa thupi la munthu kumalo atsopano.

Kuthetsa masewera - "chifukwa" ndi "motsutsana"

Pakuti wothamanga ndi zotsatira zofunikira, zomwe angakwanitse kuchita ndi kuthandizidwa ndi maphunziro ovuta. Choncho, njira zonse zotheka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popindula kwambiri. Kungakhale kulakwitsa kuti chinyengo chisonyeze chikhumbo chosunga thanzi kwa othamanga. Ndipo maseŵera amamaseŵera okha amalola wothamanga kukhalabe ndi mphamvu yogwira ntchito ya thupi ndi kuyesetsa kwakukulu.

Maganizo a akatswiri ngati n'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito dope, omwazikana. Asayansi amene anayankhula, nenani kuti:

1. Chilolezo chogwiritsira ntchito doping chimachititsa maseŵera otetezeka, padzakhala chilakolako chokhala ndi mankhwala abwino ndi ogwira mtima.
2. Kuvomerezeka kwa doping kudzathandizira kupewa mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kuvulaza othamanga.

Asayansi amene amatsutsa, amati:

1. Chilolezo chokhala ndi chithunzi chikhoza kutsogolera kuti othamanga othamanga adzayamba kuvomereza ndipo kusungulumwa kwa masewerawo kungawonongeke.
2. Ochita maseŵera omwe amatenga denga, amadziika pangozi yaikulu: matenda a mtima, cholesterol , kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, kusintha kwa kugonana, nkhanza.
3. Kusuta kumapangitsa maseŵera kusakondweretsa, zidzasiya kukhala zosiyana ndi ntchito iliyonse yamalonda.
4. Kugwiritsa ntchito doping kumabweretsa masewera osayeruzika, kumaphwanya lingaliro lofanana pakati pa othamanga, ndipo kupambana pazomweku kumapindula osati mwa kupitiliza maphunziro, koma kupyolera mu mankhwala amachitidwe a thupi ku chinthucho.

Mitundu ya doping

Pali mitundu yotsatizana yotsutsana ndi masewera:

1. Zolimbikitsa . Zimathandizira kuwonjezeka kwabwino, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ntchito ya mtima, kusokoneza kutentha.
2. Analgesics . Zimakhudza dongosolo lalikulu la mitsempha, kuonjezera kupweteka kwapakati , ndipo wothamanga mumasokonezo sangathe kumvetsetsa kuopsa kwake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu.
3. Beta-blockers . Amathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zopangidwe zamtima, kumalimbikitsa, kukonza mgwirizano, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene palibe chifukwa chochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
4. Diuretics . Thandizani kuti muchepe msanga. Mankhwala oterewa amatengedwa kuti apititse patsogolo minofu ya minofu komanso musanayambe kuyendetsa doping kuchotsa mthupi mwa mankhwala osaloledwa.
5. Erythropoietin imathandiza kupirira.
6. Hormone yokula imalimbikitsa kukula kwa minofu, kuchepa kwa mafuta osanjikiza, kuchepa kwa mabala, kulimbitsa thupi.
7. Insulini . Amagwiritsa ntchito masewera olimbitsa thupi.
8. Saboids ya Anabolic . Zimathandizira kuwonjezera minofu kufika pa kilogalamu khumi pamwezi, kuwonjezera mphamvu, chipiriro, zokolola, kuchepetsa mafuta.
9. Gene doping . Uku ndiko kusamutsidwa kwa maselo kapena maselo osakanikirana kwa thupi la wothamanga. Nthawi zambiri zamphamvu kuposa mankhwala ena onse omwe kale analipo.

Kusuta kwa othamanga

Kuthetsa masewera kumasewera nthawi za USSR. M'masiku amenewo, madokotala anapanga mitundu yonse ya mankhwala kuti azitha kupirira maseŵera. Pang'onopang'ono anapanga mndandanda wa mankhwala otchuka:

1. Erythropoietin ndi dothi loletsedwa kwa othamanga.
2. Steroid ya Anabolic monga mawonekedwe a testosterone, stanozolol, nandrolone, methenolone.
3. Kuika magazi - autohemotransfusion ndi kuikidwa magazi.
4. Zopatsa mphamvu monga cocaine, ephedrine, chisangalalo, amphetamines.

Kutaya kwa ubongo

Kuwombera ochita masewera a chess akuyimiridwa ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti ubongo ukhale wogwira ntchito, malingaliro, zojambulajambula ndi ma nootropics, zoyambazo zimakhala ndi mphamvu koma zochepa, zomwe zimakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa, zimakhala zowonongeka kwa nthawi yaitali. M'nthawi yoyamba ndi yachiwiri, mankhwalawa amathandiza kuti:

• Kulimbikitsa magazi kutuluka mu ubongo;
• kusintha ubwino wa zakudya za maselo a ubongo;
• kuchotsa mpweya wa oxygen;
• kupititsa patsogolo luso la kuzindikira;
• kukumbukira, kusamala.

Kutaya kwa chipiriro

Zachilengedwe kapena zachibadwa za doping zimathandiza kukwaniritsa zolinga zolinga. Doping mankhwala othamanga amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mawonekedwe a analeptic, kukula kwa hormones, diuretics ndi mankhwala a anabolic. Zachilengedwe zakuthupi zimayimilidwa ndi beets, mollusks, leuzeem, wort St. John's. Zonsezi zimapereka:

• kusintha kwa kupirira ndi kugwira ntchito;
• kuchotsa kutopa;
• kuwonjezeka kwa mawu;
• kukonda kukula kwa minofu;
• madzi osakaniza.

Kutsekera kumangidwe kwa minofu

Mankhwala opangira doping amathandiza kupanga minofu ya minofu, amachititsa mphamvu ndi kutentha mafuta. Doping doping mukumanga thupi imayimilidwa ndi mankhwala otsatirawa:

1. Wonyenga, amapirira chipiriro ndi 15%, amachotsa mpweya wochepa, amathandiza kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya m'magazi, amathandiza kwambiri mtima, ndi mtundu wa mtima.
2. Pentoxifylline, imachepetsa mamasukidwe akayendedwe a magazi, imachepetsa mitsempha ya m'magazi. Kusindikizidwa mu matenda a mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa ndi mankhwala.
3. Schisandra, imamveketsa kamvekedwe ka kayendedwe ka mitsempha, imapangitsa chimbudzi ndi khalidwe la kugona.
4. Potaziyamu orotate ikuphatikizidwa pakupanga mapangidwe a mapuloteni, kumathandiza kupanga minofu.

Kutaya mphamvu

Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zofunika pakukwaniritsa zotsatira za masewera ndi mphamvu ya thupi. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, othamanga amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo:

1. Actoprotectant, imawonjezera bata, imakhudza dongosolo lamanjenje, cardio-kupuma dongosolo ndi minofu minofu.
2. Amino acids amathandizira mapuloteni.
3. "Mndandanda wa makina amino acid". Zotsatira za doping zikuwonetseredwa kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ndi 10%, kubwezeretsedwa kwa glycogen mu minofu.
4. L-carnitine imapirira kupirira, imatulutsa kutopa, kupweteka, kuyaka mafuta owonjezera.
5. Methionine, imapirira kupirira , salola kuti thupi likhale ndi mphamvu.

N'chiyani chomwe chimayambitsa doping?

Kugonana kumakhudzanso gawo la maganizo, kuchititsa nkhanza, ludzu logonjetsa ndi kukwaniritsa zolinga zomwe zilipo. Koma chifukwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo amachokera ku mahomoni amphongo, amalepheretsa dongosolo la endocrine lachiwerewere la amuna, lomwe limatsogolera ku:

• kuchepetsa ma testes, ntchito yawo yamadzimadzi;
• kuchepetsa mphamvu ya umuna kukwaniritsa infertility;
• kusungidwa kwa maselo a mafuta, m'malo omwe ali ndi thupi lachikazi;
• kukula kwa mammary glands.

Pakati pa tsitsi lazimayi limapezeka pamutu monga mwa mtundu wamwamuna ndi tsitsi, tsitsi limapezeka pamaso, chifuwa, mimba, mawu amayamba kukhala ovuta, otsika, kusamba kwachisokonezo kumasokonezeka, chiberekero chimagwedezeka, kutsekedwa kwa zilonda zam'thupi ndi ntchito yobereka kumawonjezeka. Kuwonongeka kwa doping pakati pa abambo ndi amai kumawonetseredwa kuwonjezeka kwa mlingo wa kolesterolini, maonekedwe a atherosclerosis, chitukuko cha ischemia, chiwonongeko cha chiwindi.

Kodi mungapange bwanji?

Ngati mukufuna kupanga pakhomo popanda ndalama zina, mungagwiritse ntchito maphikidwe awa:

1. Mphamvu zakumwa. Zimamveka komanso zimalimbikitsa. Brew madzi otentha ma tiketi atatu a tiyi mu 200 ml madzi. Pambuyo pa mphindi khumi, perekani yankho mu pulasitiki pansi pa botolo la lita imodzi, mudzaze madzi ena ozizira. Onjezerani madontho 20 a ascorbic acid, agwedezeni, muyikeni mufiriji. Pazochita zolimbitsa thupi, tengerani zakumwa m'zigawo zing'onozing'ono.
2. Imwani popanda khofi. Tengani botolo, tsitsani mmalo mwake theka la lita imodzi ya madzi a mchere, sungunulani mkati mwake makapu pang'ono a uchi, onjezerani madzi a mandimu imodzi, 0.15-0.30 g ya succinic acid , 10-20 madontho a mowa tincture a adaptogen. Chakumwa choterocho chidzakupatsani inu mphamvu, kuwonjezeranso kumalimbikitsa ndi kulimbikitsa.

Kutaya - mfundo zochititsa chidwi

Kwa nthawi yoyamba idadziwika za doping pamaseŵera a Olimpiki mu 1960. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo amaonedwa ngati vuto lofunika kwambiri pa masewera amakono ndipo limaphatikizapo mfundo zambiri zosangalatsa:

1. Pakati pa mpikisano woponya mfuti, othamanga amatenga mankhwala omwewo monga madokotala opaleshoni panthawi ya opaleshoni kuti manja awo asagwedezeke.
2. Pamene kuyendetsa doping ndilololedwa kwa othamanga azimayi kumatengedwa ngati kuyesedwa kwa mimba, chifukwa asayansi anaphunzira kuti izi zikhoza kuwonjezera mphamvu zina.
3. M'zaka za m'ma 1990 zapitazo, asayansi anatenga magazi kuchokera kwa othamanga, adawadodometsa, kenako adatsanulira mkati mwa mpikisanowu. Zimenezi zinathandiza kusintha magazi, kuwonjezera chipiriro. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, palibe amene angadziwe zochitika zoletsedwa.
4. Kumapeto kwa zaka makumi awiri ndi makumi awiri, zinatsimikiziridwa kuti pafupifupi oseŵera onse ochokera m'gulu la weightlifting anapambana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Ochita masewera amapezeka mu doping

Mbiri ya masewera a padziko lonse inakumbukiridwa ndi othamanga omwe anagwidwa ndi doping:

1. Ben Johnson . Mbalame yotchedwa Sprinter ya Canada, yomwe inapambana mpikisano wa 1984, inapambana chizindikiro cha mamita 100 kuposa masekondi khumi, kawiri konse inaphwanya mbiri ya dziko. Mu 1988 anagwidwa, osayenera kukhala ndi moyo.
2. Lance Armstrong , adakhala mpikisano wazaka zisanu ndi ziwiri mu maulendo a "Tour de France", atatha nthawi yaitali akulimbana ndi khansa. Mu 2012 iye anaweruzidwa ndi wosayenera pa moyo. Champion anakakamizidwa kubwezera mphoto zonse, maudindo, koma ngakhale izi sizinalepheretse kukhala nthano.
3. Yegor Titov . Wolemba mpira wa ku Russia, amene nthawi yake ankasewera mbali ya "Spartacus", ndiye "Khimki", ndi "Locomotive". Mu 2004, iye anali wosayenera chaka chimodzi. Malingana ndi akatswiri ambiri, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa Titov mu timu, timu yomweyo inachita mosapindula. Tsopano Titov akugwira ntchito yophunzitsa.