Kuthamanga kuntchito - pitani kapena mukakhale?

Zochitika izi, monga mobbing, zimamvekedwa ndi anthu omwe nthawi ina anakumanapo kapena tsopano akukumana ndi mavuto ake. Uku ndiko kusokonezeka maganizo kwa munthu wosafunidwa kuntchito ndi anzanu ambiri kapena mtsogoleri wothandizira. Kodi pali chitetezo mukamazunza? Pofuna kuthana ndi mdani, muyenera kuzidziwa mwayekha.

Kuthamanga - ndi chiyani?

Kugwira ntchito mu gulu kumabweretsa kukhutira ndi kumangokhalira kufuna kapena kumagwirizanitsa ndi maganizo okhumudwa, pamene malingaliro ake okondwa amaloweka mwamsanga pomwepo. Okondedwa antchito, omwe aliyense amamvetsera maganizo ake, akhoza kuchita zinthu zochititsa chidwi, zochititsa mantha kwa anzake osauka. Mu psychology, chodabwitsa ichi chimapatsidwa nyengo yake. Kukumana ndi vuto la maganizo kuchokera kwa anzako ambiri kapena gulu lonse ndi cholinga chokhala ndi wogwirizana popanda kuchotsedwa ntchito kuchotsedwa ntchito.

Kusokoneza - maganizo

Anthu omwe adakhumudwa kwambiri kuntchito sadzafunikanso kufotokozera zomwe zikugwirira ntchito. Kukumbukira za nthawi ino ya moyo kumawatsogolera ku mantha. Kwa watsopanoyo kuntchito, anzako akuyang'anitsitsa moyang'anitsitsa, akukhudzidwa ndi zenizeni za mbiri yake. Pambuyo pofufuza zofunikira zake zonse ndi kupindula kwa moyo popanda izo, zotsatira zake zowonjezereka zikugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Izi zimachitika m'magulu omwe magulu osokoneza bongo ndi osokonezeka sakuyimidwa ndi bwana, ndipo wogwira ntchito pakati pa olamulira amakhala mtsogoleri, yemwe amadziona yekha wokongola, wokongola, wodalitsika, waluso. Ndipotu izi sizikhoza kusonyeza chenichenicho, koma momwe munthu amadzichitira yekha, mtima umenewu umakumana ndi ena. Ngati "wotayika" amanyansidwa ndi ulemu wake, amadana naye - mapulogalamu awa anthu oyandikana nawo ntchito zomwe zimamuchititsa manyazi kwambiri. Ili ndilo lamulo losalephereka la maganizo. Maganizo a maganizo amavumbulutsidwa motere:

1. Mnyamatayo akugona pakhomo pa "chikwapu chakukwapula" ndi kukambirana momvetsa chisoni za zofooka ndi zenizeni pokhapokha palibe.
2. Nsanje zachinyengo komanso zosadziwika.
3. Kusokoneza zolakwika zakunja, zizindikiro za kulankhula, ulemu, makhalidwe ovala.
4. Kujambula zochitika zapakhomo pamene wogwira ntchito wosavomerezeka amaikidwa pamalo osadziwika, ndipo izi zimachitika pamaso pa akuluakulu a boma.
5. Zinthu zovulaza, zolemba, makompyuta kuntchito, zomwe zimakopa kwambiri a manejala.
6. Mawu onyoza onena za okondedwa ndi okondedwa awo "ozunzidwa" a anthu.
7. Kuthetsa mphekesera ndi miseche kumbuyo kwake.
8. Madandaulo nthawi zonse kwa akuluakulu kuti watsopanoyo sangathe kupirira ntchitoyi.

Ndipotu, pali njira zambiri zochitira manyazi ndi kunyoza munthu, choncho chinthu choopsa kwambiri kupeza ntchito yatsopano ndi ubale wosagwirizana ndi mtsogoleri wa gulu. Amalimbikitsa wina aliyense kuti azizunza ndi kuchititsitsa manyazi. Omwe ayimilira ayesetse kuti asapatuke ku misala yonse, kuti mkwiyo wa "narcissus" -mwamba usagwedezeke. "Mbuzi" zimamveketsa kuti azikhala chete ndi kuvomereza modzichepetsa pogwiritsa ntchito chisankho chilichonse cha mtsogoleri.

Kumangirira ndi Kumenya

Malingana ndi chiyambi cha America, nthawi zambiri mumasokonezeka. Kuthamanga kumasulira kumatanthawuza "khamu", kunyoza - "wolakwira, wotsutsa". Ngakhale kuti, mwa kutanthauzira kwina, kutengedwa kuchokera ku Wikipedia, kuponderezana ndi mantha okhudza maganizo onse kapena gawo lake. Komano zikutanthauza kuti palibe kusiyana pakati pa mau awiriwa. Chifukwa chake, anthu ambiri amakonda kuchita 1:

1. Kukumana ndi chizunzo cha "wozunzidwa", momwe onse ogwira ntchito kapena ogwira nawo ntchito amathandizira.
2. Kulira ndi khalidwe laukali kwa munthu wosafunidwa ndi wogwira ntchito limodzi ndi chiyanjano cha anzake.

Mu gulu la anthu ogwira ntchito limodzi, mukhoza kusamala zochitika - boss. Izi ndizopanikizika m'maganizo kwa ochepa, oyambitsidwa ndi mtsogoleri. Kawirikawiri zimachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a zooneka bwino m'ntchito, zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi woyambitsa. Pozindikira kuti akhoza "kukhala pansi", mkulu akuyang'ana njira zothetsera wogwira ntchito waluso. Pamene wotsogolera akukumana ndi zovuta zochepa, izi zikuwonetsedwa potsutsidwa kutsutsidwa. Ngati wina ayamba kulankhula mopanda tsankho ponena za munthu wake, ndiye nthawi yomweyo amayamba kupeza "zithumwa" zonse za bossing.

Kuthamanga - Mitundu

Munthu wodwalayo, yemwe amamenyana nawo, amachitidwa nkhanza kwambiri. Pamene anzake akum'tsutsa, amamverera kuti alibe chitetezo komanso kusungulumwa. Kuwongolera zina zonse zomwe "wogwidwa" ayenera kutengeka mwachangu zimapezeka kwa wogwira ntchito wodalirika. Izi ndizomwe zimapangika.

Pamene mtsogoleri sayenera kuchita khama ndi kukhumudwitsa anzake kuti "chisokonezo" chiyenera kulangidwa - kunyozedwa ndi kutsutsidwa kumachokera pamwamba - mwachindunji kuchokera kwa akuluakulu. Wothandizira kwambiri mu timuyi akhoza kungotuta "zopanda pake" ndikupitiriza kuonjezera vutoli mu gululo. Chodabwitsa ichi chakhala ndi dzina - zowoneka mozungulira.

Zifukwa za Mobbing

Nthaŵi zambiri wogwira ntchito osayenera amachititsa kuti anthu azivutika. Izi zimachitika mwachindunji kapena mwachindunji pa mbali yake (malingana ndi chikhalidwe cha khalidwe ndi kusankha njira "zoyendetsera", mungadziwonetse bwanji nokha kuchokera kumbali yabwino). Zifukwa zogwirira ntchito ndi izi:

1. Kusiyanitsa ndikusiyana ndi misala (zosachita zachilendo, zopambana zazikulu, mpikisano ndi kupambana kwa munthu mwini). Chofunika kwambiri kuti munthu asamapanikizidwe ndi chilakolako choyamba cha mnzake wogwira bwino ntchito.
2. Kunyalanyaza misonkhano, maphwando a magulu.
3. Kulumikizana ndi makhalidwe a khalidwe la "wodwala" (kuvulaza, kugwedeza, kuwomba, kulakalaka kulowa mu mpira, kubisala ngodya, kuti asamayang'ane konse).

Kusokoneza - zizindikiro

Kwa nthawi yoyamba mawu akuti mobbing - anatchulidwa ndi katswiri wa sayansi ya zakuthambo Konrad Lorentz. Iye adawona zizoloŵezi za zoweta ndipo adawona kuti, mmalo mothaŵa chirombo, adamuukira ndi gulu. Katswiri wa zamaganizo Hantz Leiman chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 20 adapanga maphunziro ofanana pakati pa anthu ogwira ntchito mu timu. Chofunika kwambiri cha kugwidwa ndi khalidwe lachiwerewere, lachiwerewere la gulu la anthu ogwira ntchito imodzi. Pali mitundu makumi asanu ndi iwiri ya khalidwe ili. Zazikulu ndi izi:

• kudzipatula;
• kutsutsa nthawizonse;
• zabodza zabodza;
• kunyoza;
• Zomwe zimagwedezeka (kutsanulira gulu pa chofunikira chofunikira, phulani mpando, wodzitcha mwansanga khofi pa zovala, ndi zina zotero).

Maphunziro otsogolera akugwiritsidwa ntchito

Ngati watsopanoyo akuchita chinachake chosagwirizana ndi "mtsogoleri", phokosoli likuyamba kukula. Poyamba, izi ndi zoyesayesa (sizidziwika kuti ndi chiyani china chomwe "chiwonongeko" chidzayankha). Ngati palibe kukana kapena kuchepa, chiwawa cha anthu a "ng'ombe" chikukula. Zotsatira za magawo otukuka a gululi zikuwoneka ngati izi:

1. Kusangalala ndi miseche kumbuyo kwake.
2. Mawu ochenjeza.
3. Kuwopsya, kutsutsa mwamphamvu (makamaka antchito omwe akugwira ntchito mu "show" iyi, zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zimaperekedwa mwa kusokoneza).
4. Kuzunzika kwa thupi (kumenyedwa pobwerera kunyumba madzulo, kukwiyitsa kugwa kwa sitepe, kutentha ndi zakumwa zotentha, ndi zina zotero).

Kodi mungadziteteze bwanji kuntchito?

Kusanthula mosamala za momwe zinthu zilili panopo komanso kubereka maganizo kwa zochitika zomwe zingatheke kungathandize kupewa zopusa. Tiyenera kufufuza momwe mtsogoleri akunenera za kuwonetseratu kuntchito. Ngati ali ndi chipiriro, okoma mtima, kulemekeza anthu, ndi bwino kumupempha nthawi yomweyo kuti amvetsetse vutoli.

Kusungulumwa pamsonkhanowo kwaimitsidwa "muphuphu". Ngati izi sizikuthandizani, ndiye kuti tiyese kunyalanyaza zolakwika mu adiresi yathu ndipo tisamaone olakwira. Amayembekezera kuti angachitepo kanthu. Ngati kulibe, "osaka" amadandaula, ndipo amafunafuna "nsembe" ina. Ogwira ntchito yosuta ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri.

Kuthamanga kuntchito - pitani kapena mukakhale?

Chinthu chomvetsa chisoni chotsiriza: kuchoka pamalo odedwa ndi ntchito. Vuto la kusokoneza gululi limakulepheretsani kukhala ndi mphamvu zamakhalidwe komanso zakuthupi. Kufooka kwa mantha kumatha kufika poti wodwalayo amawopsedwa ndi dzimbiri, kusowa tulo kumamuzunza , pali mantha kwa moyo wake. Choncho, ndibwino kusintha ntchito kusiyana ndi kuyesa kusintha maganizo, kwachabechabechabe.

Koma panthawi yomweyi ndikofunikira kulingalira zolakwika zomwe zapitazo ndikuganiza pazochitika zomwe zisanachitike. Ngati "wozunzidwa" akupitirizabe kulimbana ndi malingaliro olakwika, koma "akadakalipo," kugwedeza kungachititse kuti munthu adwale kwambiri ndi kudzipha. Vuto, momwe mungakanire kusokoneza, pakali pano silingathetsedwe m'dzikoli.

Kukumana kuntchito - momwe mungamenyere?

Chinthu china ndi pamene kugwira ntchito kuntchito kumachitika ndi chivomerezo cha mutu. Apa "wogwidwa" amakhala yekha yekha. Chinthu chosayembekezereka chochita ndikutsegula mtsogoleriyo molakwika, pogwiritsa ntchito chida chake. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kuthetsa maubwenzi mu gulu. Mtsogoleri ndi amene ali ndi ubwino wambiri pankhaniyi.

Kodi mungatani kuti mukhale osamala?

Mosiyana ndi mantha owonekera, omveka bwino, amatha kupititsa pang'onopang'ono. Kawirikawiri ndizokhalitsa paokha ndikumanyalanyaza zomwe apindula amachita. Amapulumuka pang'onopang'ono, koma mwachifundo. Zimachitika pamene akunyozedwa ndi kutsutsidwa kwa ochotsedwa akupangidwa ndi mtsogoleri ndi wogwirizana naye, popanda cholinga chomukhumudwitsa. Ngati njira zotchulidwa pamwambazi sizikuthandizani, mukhoza kukhala anzeru ndikupanga kanema kujambula pa foni kapena kulemba zokambirana pa zojambula. Ichi ndi chida champhamvu kwambiri chotsutsa ozunza.

Mabuku okhudzidwa

Kuwopsya kwa maganizo kungachititse kuti munthu wathanzi akhale munthu wolumala kapena kuti afe imfa isanakwane - izi ndizoona, zomwe zimachitika nthawi ndi nthawi ndi ofalitsa. Kuzindikiritsa nkhaniyi, kudziwa za kufunika kwa maganizo, kuthekera kosazindikira zinthu zomwe zidzakuthandizani kusiya kulepheretsa gulu. Mabuku othandiza:

1. Aijah Myron "Chifukwa chiyani ine? Mbiri ya khungu loyera. "
2. Morrin Duffy, Len Sperry "Kuzunzika kuntchito ndi njira zothetsera izo."
3. Krista Kolodey "Psychoterror pa malo ogwira ntchito ndi njira zokugonjetsa izo".