Kuthirira mphesa

Amaluwa ena nthawi zambiri amadzifunsa ngati kuli koyenera kuthirira mphesa kuonjezera, ngati kale amatanthauza mesophytes, ndiko kuti, chomera chikukula mumkhalidwe wambiri. Inde, ndikofunikira, chifukwa zimakhudza mphesa: zimapangitsa kukula bwinoko ndikutsimikiziridwa kuti ziwonjezere zokolola zawo.

Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chofunika kwa mphesa kumadalira:

• dera la mphesa kulima ;
• zosiyana siyana;
• chikhalidwe cha mbewu yokha;
• kukonza sayansi;
• njira zothirira.

Mitundu ya ulimi wothirira:

1. Ndalamayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ipange chinyezi pansi, zomwe zingachepetse mwayi wa kuzizira ndi kuonjezera chisanu chotsutsana ndi ziwalo zapamwamba za mphesa, ndi kupereka chinyezi ku tchire kwa nthawi yoyamba ya kukula pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira.
2. Kubzala - kumachitika pobzala chitsamba.
3. Kuthirira mbande zazing'ono - chaka choyamba mutabzala.
4. Zamasamba - malinga ndi momwe mbeuyo imakhalira (yotsimikiziridwa ndi masamba) imadalira nthawi zambiri zomwe zingakhale zofunikira kuthirira mphesa.

Maganizo a kuthirira mphesa

1. Kusamba madzi kosatha. Imachitika mu kasupe ndi m'dzinja. Kawirikawiri pakati pa mwezi wa October dothi lakhala litayima kwinakwake kwa mita imodzi. Choncho, kuthirira komaliza kwa mphesa, komwe kumatulutsidwa mutatha kukolola kupita ku tsamba kugwa, kumathandizira kukonzekera zomera nthawi yozizira . Ngati nyengo yozizira imakhala yosauka mvula, ndiye kuthirira kotere kumayenera kuchitika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, kutsegula kwa diso: kuthirira madzi ozizira kumachepetsa kutsegula kwa maso, zomwe zimateteza chitsamba kuchokera kumapeto kwa frosts, ndipo kuthirira madzi otentha kumadzutsa kudzuka. Madzi onse opatsirana kuthirira ndi kuthirira madzi okwanira 200-300 malita pa chitsamba cha mphesa ndi malo odyetsa a 4-5 m2, ngati ulimi wothirira umachitika pa mizere, izi ziyenera kuwonjezeka kawiri kapena katatu.
2. Kubzala kuthirira . Mukamabzala mbeu m'dzinja, mitsuko yoyamba 1 mpaka 2 ya madzi wamba imathiridwa mu dzenje lakudzala, kuyembekezera mpaka itayamwa bwino, ikani chitsamba, hafu yadzaza ndi nthaka ndikutsanulira madzi okwanira 1 mpaka 2. Mukamabzala m'chaka - choyamba muyenera kutsanulira madzi otentha, kenako mutentha.
3. Kuthirira kamera kakang'ono . M'chaka choyamba mutabzala achinyamata mphesa ayenera kuthirira 1 nthawi mu masabata awiri isanayambe kwa August. Kuthirira sikukuchitika pansi pa thunthu la chitsamba, koma kutsanulira 4-5 zidebe zamadzi 4-5 m'mabowo, anafukula kuzungulira mchenga pamtunda wa masentimita 30 mpaka 50. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri kwa kuthirira madzi. Onetsetsani kuti zitsimikizirani kuti mizu siimatha, ndipo ndi yoopsa.
4. Kusamba kwa masamba . Dalira nthawi ya kukula kwa mphesa, chifukwa imayenera kuthirira pamene masamba amawombera, pambuyo maluwa komanso nthawi yakucha.

Pakuti nyengoyi imachitikizidwa kangapo:

• kuthirira koyamba - pambuyo pa maluwa;
• Yachiwiri ili mu June, pamene zipatso zimakhala kukula kwa nandolo, i.e. pamaso pa maonekedwe a mtundu ndi kuchepetsa zipatso;
• lachitatu - mu theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa Julayi mu buku lofanana ndi lachiwiri, koma pasanathe milungu itatu isanakwane.

Ndi liti pamene mungaleke kuthirira mphesa?

• pamaso ndi pa maluwa;
• milungu ingapo isanafike nthawi yokolola (mu August ndi kumayambiriro kwa September).

Kodi ndibwino bwanji kuti mumwe mphesa?

Pofuna kuthirira mphesa bwino, muyenera kutsatira malamulo:

1. Yambani kuthirira mphesa pamene udzu umayamba kuwuma pozungulira.
2. Mukamabzala baka m'mizera, kuthirira kumatheka pa mizere, ndipo pamtunda uliwonse - kupanga ponseponse pakhomo kapena pamabowo.
3. Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso ndi koipitsitsa kuposa kukwanira.
4. Pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse mwachiyero m'pofunika kutsanulira 5-7 ndowa zamadzi.
5. Madzi ayenera kukhala madzulo, kutenthetsa dzuwa ndi madzi.
6. Musamamwe madzi kuchokera ku madzi ogwiritsa ntchito payipi kuchokera pamwamba pa tchire tsiku lililonse pamodzi ndi maluwa;
7. Musamamwe madzi molunjika kuchokera ku chitsime.

Ngati mphesa zidzakhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera, ndiye kuti mapeto a mphukira adzakulungidwa, ndipo mugwa mudzapeza zokolola zabwino.