Polima mphesa, ntchito yaikulu yomwe akukumana ndi wamaluwa ndi kupereka zofunikira pa kukula ndi chitukuko cha zitsamba kuti mupeze zipatso zabwino kwambiri za zipatso zokoma ndi zathanzi. Kuchiza kwa mphesa ku matenda pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira kumaphatikizapo miyeso yambiri yolimbana ndi matenda ndi bowa.
Maganizo a kasupe processing wa mphesa ku matenda
Choyamba kukonza
Yoyamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mphesa m'chaka imachitika ndi mkuwa sulfate atachotsa chophimba, chimene chomeracho chinapangidwa m'nyengo yozizira. Pokonzekera yankho lolimbana ndi matenda a fungal 200 g zamkuwa sulphate imadzipiritsidwa mu 10 malita a madzi. Kwa zomera za vitriol, muyenera kutenga 2 peresenti. Anakumana ndi wamaluwa kukonzekera chisakanizo cha njira ya mkuwa sulfate ndi laimu mkaka. Pofika pamapeto pake, 100 g ya vitriol yamkuwa imapangidwa m'mbiya imodzi. Kuti makoswe a mankhwalawa asungunuke bwino, ayenera kudzazidwa ndi madzi otentha. Ngakhale Bordeaux madzi (otchedwa vitreous solution) amadzimadzi, mu thanki lina limy mkaka wakonzedwa kuchokera 100 g wa quicklime (kapena 150 g wa laimu slaked) ndi 10 malita a madzi. Njira yothetsera mchere sulphate imatsanulira mu mkaka wa mandimu. Kuti mawonekedwewo samasinthasintha pa kupopera mbewu mankhwala ndi kusunga mankhwala, zimalimbikitsa kuwonjezera sopo kapena glycerine.
Kusintha kwachiwiri
Pamaso maluwa, yachiwiri processing wa chikhalidwe ikuchitika. Kumadera akummwera kwambiri nthawi imeneyi imakhala pa 20 April, m'madera otentha a nyengo - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo pokonza mphesa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwalawa: Ridomil, Golden Sparkle, Topaz, Theovid-Jed.
Zotsatira zochititsa chidwi zimapangitsa kukonza mphesa Gibberellin - kayendedwe ka chilengedwe cha chitukuko cha zomera. Chinthu chachikulu pakukonzekera ndi gibberella - bowa, chomwe chimayambitsa zamasamba. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mugwiritse ntchito malangizo otsatirawa pokonzekera yankho: choyamba muzimasuka ndi mowa pang'ono, ndikuwongolera ndi madzi. Zipatso zazitsamba zakulungidwa mu chidebe ndi yankho, kudutsa zomera zonse. Chifukwa cha Gibberellin, zipatso zambiri zakhazikika, kukula kwa magulu kumalimbikitsa ndipo kukula kwa zipatso kukuwonjezeka. Mofananamo, zimakhudza Gibbersib, Cveten, Bud, Ovary, Gibberross ndi mankhwala ena ochokera ku mndandandawu. Nkofunika musanagule mankhwala kuti muwone ngati chidacho chili ndi gibberellic acid kapena salt.
Zotsatira zamakono
Pogwiritsa ntchito magulu a mphesa, mankhwala amapangidwa motsutsana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mitengo imatulutsidwa ndi Oxychom, Quadrice, Mospilan. Mukhozanso kuthandizira mphesa ndi Gibberellin, makamaka ngati zipatso za zomera, zomwe zimapezeka pa webusaitiyi, zimatha kugaya.
Zokonzedwanso kwa mphesa zothandizira mphesa
Anthu omwe sakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, ali ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakhala ndi poizoni.
Trichodermine Nkhumba zotchedwa saprophyte, zomwe zimapezeka pakukonzekera, zimatulutsa zinthu zakutchire m'nthaka kukhala mankhwala a nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, zomwe zimapangitsa dziko lapansi kukhala lopindulitsa. Kuwonjezera apo, trichoderma imaletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a mphesa, kuphatikizapo miyendo yakuda, nkhanambo, zozizira kwambiri, powdery mildew . Ndikofunika kuti kukonzekera kopanda poizoni kungasakanike ndi feteleza ena.
Phytosporin
Pamtima mwa mankhwala ndi udzu wa udzu umene umapangitsa tizilombo towononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikulepheretsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya. Fitosporin sichisoni tokha, zipatso zikhoza kudyedwa tsiku lotsatira, zitatha kuchapa. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina yokonzekera pogwiritsa ntchito bacillus ya udzu - Phytodor. Pokhapokha atapatsidwa kuti ali ndi mabakiteriya omwe ali owuma spores, yankho liyenera kukhala lokonzekera 1 mpaka 2 maola asanayambe kupopera mankhwala.
Njira yabwino yodziwonetsera nokha ndi zamoyo zina: Planzir, Pentafag-S, Boverin, Guapsen.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti processing ya mphesa, monga, ndithudi, zomera zina, ndi bwino kuthera madzulo.