Matenda osokoneza maganizo (OCD) - kwa nthawi yoyamba angathe kuchitika mwana akafika zaka 10. Choyamba chimadziwonetsera ngati mtundu wa phobia , obsession, ndipo munthu amatha kuona kukhumudwa kwake ndi kupirira kwake. M'tsogolo, kudziletsa kumatayika, chikhalidwe chikuwonjezeka.
Matenda a Obsessive-compulsive
Matenda osokoneza maganizo kapena matenda amachititsa kuti munthu asamangokhala ndi maganizo ochititsa mantha kapena lingaliro lochititsa mantha. Matendawa akhoza kukhala chigawo chimodzi, kapena kutayirira - maganizo, kapena kukakamiza - ndi mwambo obsessions. Imaonekera mwa njira zosiyanasiyana:
- chithunzi;
- ikupita chaka ndi chaka;
- wopitirizabe.
Matenda osokoneza maganizo - zifukwa
Chirichonse chiri ndi chifukwa chake - ndipo chidziwitso ndi obsessions ndizosiyana. Akatswiri azachipatala ndi akatswiri a zamaganizo anatsindika mfundo zambiri zokhudza kuyamba kwa matendawa. Matenda osokoneza maganizo - zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa:
- kusokonezeka kwa homeostasis ndi kagayidwe kambiri ka metabolism ;
- matenda a hormoni;
- zotsatira za vuto lalikulu lachisokonezo;
- matenda opatsirana;
Zifukwa zina:
- kulera mwakhama ndi kupembedza kwachipembedzo;
- mgwirizano wovuta ndi anthu;
- kuchepetsa kupanikizika.
Matenda osokoneza maganizo - zizindikiro
Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kusokonezeka maganizo ndi izi kapena zovuta, maganizo obwerezabwereza, nkhani zomwe zingakhale zosiyana. Zizindikiro za matenda:
- chikhalidwe cha nkhaŵa zopanda nzeru, chimayambitsa malingaliro osafuna;
- khalidwe lachizoloŵezi - kusunthika kwakukulu pofuna kuthetsa nkhawa;
- kuwonjezeka kwa nkhaŵa m'malo odzaza ndi mantha;
- kuwonetsa thupi: kuwonjezeka kwa mtima, kupuma kovuta, khungu la khungu, kutukuta kozizira.
Matenda osokoneza bongo - zitsanzo
Anthu onse akuvutika ndi kutopa, kupanikizika, maganizo okhumudwitsa omwe amawombera pamutu, koma amatha kupumula bwino, mphamvuyo imachepa, munthu amathetsa vuto ndi nkhawa ngati sizichitika. Apo ayi, chirichonse chimachitika ndi zovuta zenizeni ndi zovuta, zimakhala zovuta, zimapeza mphamvu ndipo zimakhazikitsidwa "kosatha."
Matenda osokoneza maganizo - zitsanzo kuchokera ku moyo:
- Kuwopa kuwonongeka ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - munthu amawopa kukhudza zitseko, zikwangwani, zida zonyamula anthu;
- kuopa zoopsa zowopsa (kuba, kupha, kugwirira);
- Kufufuza mobwerezabwereza: ngati chitseko chatsekedwa, gasi, chitsulo, kuwala (kubwereranso kuntchito kuti mukaone);
- Zikhulupiriro - munthu sangachoke panyumba popanda mwambo wina, kuwerenga pemphero;
- malingaliro okhudzana ndi chiwerewere ndi zankhanza - munthu amapewa chiyanjano chifukwa choopa kuvulaza bwenzi.
Kusokonezeka kwachisokonezo chachikulu - zotsatira
Matenda osokoneza maganizo amakhudza moyo wa munthu tsiku ndi tsiku, malingaliro ndi zochita zowonongeka zimaphatikizapo maubwenzi ndi okondedwa, munthuyo amadzipeputsa yekha. Pakati pa anthu omwe akudwala matendawa, ambiri omwe alibe ntchito - nthawi zina amangoopa kuchoka panyumbamo, akulema chifukwa cha mantha awo. Moyo waumwini umasokonezanso.
Matenda osokoneza bongo - mankhwala
Mmene mungachiritse matenda osokoneza bongo - ku funso ili, akatswiri a maganizo a anthu amakhulupirira kuti nthawi zambiri sadziwa chifukwa chimene chimachititsa kuti matendawa akhululukidwe kapena kuchiritsidwa "kosatha" - sizingatheke. Pamene zinthu zonse zapanikizika zimadziwika, adokotala amapereka mankhwala ovuta: mankhwala ochizira mankhwala komanso chithandizo chamaganizo cha nthawi yaitali. Matenda osokoneza maganizo amachitidwa bwino ngati munthu akulephera kudalira zotsatira zayekha za matenda, kupeŵa mikwingwirima yosokoneza.
Matenda osokoneza bongo - mankhwala kunyumba
Zowonongeka kapena zopondereza zimakhala zovuta kudzilungamitsa - izi ndizochitika mukamafuna chithandizo kuchokera kwa katswiri ndizolondola. Munthu amadzikakamiza kuti akhale mzungukali wochokera ku chiwonongeko ndikulephera ndikuyamba kudzida yekha chifukwa cha zofooka zomwe amasonyeza komanso kusowa kudziletsa. Koma musataye mtima, ngakhale kuwonongeka kukuchitika. Pa chitsanzo cha kudya kwambiri, komwe kumakhala kofala pakati pa akazi ndi abambo, nkotheka kulingalira njira zothetsera matenda osokoneza pakhomo.
Kudya mopambanitsa - momwe mungamenyere nokha, masitepe:
- ntchito ndi kuganiza - zitsimikizo ;
- Kutaya zakudya zopweteka - chakudya chokonzedwera, chapamwamba kwambiri cha mafuta m'thupi chiyenera kuchotsedwa mopanda pake ku zakudya;
- zochita zolimbitsa thupi - zochita zolimbitsa thupi zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamapanikizidwe komanso amachulukitsa chiwerengero cha endorphins;
- kusunga diary - ziyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zonse zomwe amadya patsiku - zimathandizira kuti zisanthule ndikukonzekera mwadzidzidzi kuchuluka kwa chakudya ndi zakudya zomwe zimadya;
- Zomwe zimapuma ndi kusinkhasinkha.
- kugona kwathunthu.
Matenda osokoneza bongo - kuchipatala
Kusokonezeka kwaumunthu wodetsa nkhawa - matenda sakusowa chithandizo chachipatala pokhapokha ataphatikizidwa ndi umunthu wa munthu, schizotypic, makhalidwe a paranoid, ndiye kuti maphunzirowo ndi ovuta kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, kuchipatala kumawonetsedwa. Matenda osokoneza bongo - machenjerero otsogolera odwala akuphatikizapo:
- Psychotherapy . Kulingalira-khalidwe labwino kumakulolani kuti mufufuze zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa nkhawa ndi mantha ndi kuphunzira momwe mungayendetsere dziko lanu. Wodwalayo akudziwidwa ndi zochitika zenizeni kapena zamaganizo, ndipo mothandizidwa ndi wothandizira amaphunzira kusokoneza yankho lake, kupanga njira yatsopano ya khalidwe. Kutalikirana kwakukulu ndi kukhumudwitsa, khalidwe latsopano limakhazikika. Mwadzidzidzi, popanda mankhwala osokoneza bongo, psychotherapy sizothandiza kwambiri kuchiritsa OCD.
- Pharmacotherapy . Matenda osokoneza bongo amachititsa kuti thupi la munthu lisamagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mankhwala nthawi zina - njira yokhayo yothetsera vutoli. Mankhwala osankhidwa pa chithandizo cha OCD:
- Mankhwala opatsirana opaleshoni (Clomipramine, Lithium, Buspirone);
- mankhwala otchedwa serotonin reuptake inhibitors (sertraline, fluvoxamine, fluoxetine).