Mitala mwa amuna ndi akazi - zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro

Amuna amasiye - imodzi mwazochitika zofala kwambiri pakati pa anthu. Nthawi zambiri zimatha kumva kuchokera ku theka lachikazi kuti munthu ndi "woyenda" mwachibadwa. Pa mitala ya amayi imalankhulidwa mobwerezabwereza, amakhulupirira kuti iyi ndi gawo la amuna. Kodi ndi choncho?

Kodi mitala ndi chiyani?

Mitala ndi chilakolako cha munthu kuti aziyanjana ndi anyamata kapena atsikana. Lingaliro lochokera ku liwu la mitala (Greek pολύς - ambiri, γάμος - ukwati) - ukwati umene mwamuna kapena mkazi ali nawo angapo okwatirana. Mwachilengedwe, kukonda mitala pakati pa amuna kumatchedwa polygyny ndipo khalidwe logonana limathandiza kuteteza mitunduyo kupyolera mwa ana ambiri.

Munthu ndi mitala kapena amodzi yekha?

Funso, kaya munthu ndi mitala, limapangitsa chidwi pakati pa akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo ndi akatswiri a zaumoyo. Sayansi siyimapereka yankho losavomerezeka, nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti mwamuna kapena mkazi ali ndi chilakolako chokhalirabe banja lake, koma pamene chiyanjano chikhala cholimba ndipo ana akukula, mitala ikhoza kubweranso: kukwatiranso ndi ana atsopano. Amuna kapena akazi omwe safuna kuwononga banja, azikhala ndi zibwenzi zomwe zimabisika.

Zifukwa za mitala

Chimene chimasokoneza munthu ku maubwenzi angapo kapena maubwenzi. Zifukwa za mitala ndi zingapo:

  1. Kupulumuka . Kuyambira kale, anthu akhala akukumana ndi nkhondo zambiri, mliri wa miliri yosiyanasiyana, kupha anthu. Amuna amamenya nkhondo, ana anamwalira, ndipo pofuna kuti ena akhale olingalira, chibadwa cha kubereka chimadzutsa mwa kuyankhulana ndi anthu angapo palimodzi.
  2. Miyambo . Apa, chipembedzo ndi njira ya anthu amathandizira. Mkwatilo umathandizidwa mu mayiko angapo a Chisilamu, zifukwa zimayambanso kukhazikitsidwa m'mbuyomu, pamene chiwerengero cha anthu ambiri akufa. Anthu ena adakali ndi chizoloŵezi: pa nkhani ya imfa ya mwamuna, mkazi ali ndi ana amapita pansi pa chitetezo cha mbale wina, kukhala mkazi wake, ngakhale atakwatiwa panthawiyo.
  3. Chikondi nthawi yomweyo kwa ochepa . Izi zimachitikanso pamene mwamuna kapena mkazi ali pachikondi amakondana ndi wina, akuyesera kusunga banja . Nthawi zambiri izi ndizojambula pambali, zomwe zimasungidwa mobisa, kuti zisamapweteke okwatirana.
  4. Kutchuka . Muzinthu zina zamalonda, kukhalapo kwa maulendo angapo kumapatsa ulamuliro.
  5. Maganizo a maganizo . Akatswiri a zamaganizo amalankhula za mitala masiku ano monga zovuta. "Don Juan", "Casanova" akuwopa kuti akhale ndi chibwenzi, chomwe chimatanthauza udindo ndi mitala apa ndi njira yowonjezera ena "momwe ndiliri wabwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino!"

Amuna a mitala

Amuna ambiri, malinga ndi asayansi, amachokera ku chiwerengero chakuti amuna mwa magawo ochepa kwa amayi ochepa. Malingana ndi chiwerengero cha deta, kusiyana kwake ndi kochepa (50:52), koma anyamata amabadwa ofooka ndipo imfa pakati pawo ali wakhanda ndi apamwamba kusiyana ndi atsikana. Gologalamu mwa amuna - chinthu chodabwitsa pakati pa anthu omwe amathandizidwa ndi theka la anthu. Ambiri olemba mbiri ya mitala kuyambira ku Chipangano Chakale:

  1. Malinga ndi mabuku osiyanasiyana, mfumu yankulu Solomo inali ndi akazi okwana 700.
  2. Aritasasta II Wolamulira wa Perisiya wa mafumu a Achaemenid - akazi okwana 336 ndi adzakazi, ana 150.
  3. Vladimir Krasno Solnyshko - asanavomerezedwe kubatizidwa ankadziwika kuti wamkulu libertine ndipo adachita chigololo anali ndi akazi 800.

Akazi okwatira

Mkwatibwi mwa akazi ndi chinthu chosazolowereka, chodzudzulidwa ndi anthu amasiku ano ndi kukhumudwitsa mwa munthu amene ali ndi malingaliro a ku Ulaya. Lingaliro la mitala la amayi limagwirizanitsidwa ndi ziphuphu zopanda tsankho m'mbuyo mwawo. Chifukwa chachikulu, malinga ndi akatswiri a anthropologists, ndi chakuti mkazi akuyang'ana mwamuna wamwamuna wamphamvu ndi chibadwa cha mamuna kuti apitirize mtundu wake. Akatswiri a zamaganizo anagawa akazi amtundu kukhala mitundu:

  1. "Chipale chofewa" - amakhulupirira kuti "kuchuluka kuli kofunikira kuposa khalidwe." Mayi wina atatha zaka 30, yemwe nthawi ina sanapite. Zothandiza. Mwa amuna, amayamikira zopatsa: mphatso, "kuyenda mu kuwala."
  2. "Alpha-females" nthawi zambiri ndi dona wamalonda, mayi wokhwima maganizo amene amasankha anthu ocheperapo. Amatha kuthana ndi "achinyamata" angapo nthawi yomweyo.

Mitundu ya mitala

Goloka ndi chinthu chodziwika bwino kwa nyama, ndipo munthu, monga gawo la chirengedwe, amayamba kutsata maonekedwe ake. Gologalamu imagawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:

  1. Polyandry ndi mtundu wosakwatiwa waukwati, kumene mkazi ali ndi amuna angapo. Wachibale wovomerezeka - mtsikana akwatira abale, ukwati uwu umakulolani kugwiritsa ntchito malo odyera popanda kugawanitsa. Mkwati wamkazi, monga mtundu wa chiyanjano, umachitika m'maiko okwana 50 ndi ovomerezeka mwalamulo m'mayiko:
  • Polygyny ndi mitala, yofala m'mayiko akummawa. Mwamuna saloledwa kukhala ndi anthu okwatirana 4, zambiri zimaloledwa kwa olamulira okhawo. M'mayiko amenewo kumene polygyny imafala, amuna ambiri amasankha kukhala ndi mkazi mmodzi - izi zimayambitsa zifukwa zachuma, sikuti aliyense angathe kuthetsa "banja lalikulu".
  • Gulu lachigwirizano - Amayi ndi abambo angapo amagwirizana m'banja, amapanga famu yamtundu umodzi, amabweretsa ana ogwirizana. Mtundu uwu wa ukwati unasungidwa ku zilumba za Marquesas.
  • Mitala - zopindulitsa ndi zonyansa

    Goloka kuchokera kumaganizo ndi zokhudzana ndi maganizo ndi okongola kwa amuna ndipo ali ndi ubwino ndi ubwino wambiri kusiyana ndi kugonana kwaokha, ndipo pali zochepa zochepa. Nanga ndi zenizeni? Ubwino wa mitala:

    1. Mwamunayo ali ndi chidaliro, akuzunguliridwa ndi halo yachinsinsi. Azimayi amazindikira kuti amafuna "mwamuna" ndipo izi zimakopa iwo.
    2. Chisamaliro, chikondi ndi chikondi zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi akazi kapena osocheretsa.
    3. Zokhumudwitsa zosankha zimatha, pamene mukufuna kusankha mnzanu wina wa moyo.
    4. Kusiyana kwa mitundu ya jini: ana ochokera "akazi" osiyanasiyana amapereka "mbiri m'mbiri".
    5. Pamene mukugawanikana ndi mmodzi, otsalira otsala.

    Maminitsi a mitala:

    Goloka mu Chikristu

    Ukwati wa mitala umatsutsidwa ndi chikhulupiriro chachikristu ndipo amavomerezedwa. Baibulo liri ndi zitsanzo za mitala. Abambo Oyera amafotokozera izi mwa kugwa kwa munthu, chifukwa Mulungu anapanga mgwirizano umodzi pakati pa Adamu ndi Hava m'munda wa Edene. Chipangano Chakale ndi "chozizwitsa" ndi mgwirizano wa mitala komanso mu Chipangano Chatsopano, malinga ndi ziphunzitso za mtumwi woyamba Paulo, ukwati ndi chinsinsi chopatulika cha anthu awiri: "Mwamuna akhale womvera kwa mkazi wake, ndi mkazi kwa mwamuna", ena onse ndi chigololo ndi tchimo.

    Mitala mu Chiyuda

    Mwa Ayuda, chochitika cha mitala - mitala inali yofala kuyambira kale. Akazi ochepa amatha kupeza ndalama zokhazokha. Torah - Malemba Opatulika a Ayuda adalangizidwa kukhala ndi mkazi wachiwiri ngati woyamba anali wosabereka kapena wofooka. M'zaka za zana la 11, Rabbi Meyer Gershom adalamula lamulo la zaka 1,000, zomwe zinkafuna kuti mkazi ndi mkazi azilekana popanda chilolezo. Ayuda amakono a kubwezeretsa mitala kuti athetsere mkhalidwe wa anthu mu Israeli, malinga ndi iwo, nyengo ya zaka 1000 yatha.

    Mitala mu Islam

    Golo limodzi pakati pa Asilamu ndilofala ndipo likufala, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yakale ya moyo. Kufalikira kumadera kumene kuli amayi ambiri. Kodi mitala ndi chiyani pakati pa anthu amisilamu:

    Korani imati:

    Mitala mu dziko lamakono

    Mwamuna wa mitala ndi chikhumbo chokhazikitsidwa lero, koma amayi samatsamira pambuyo pa theka lachilendo pofuna kupeza chithandizo kwa iwo eni ndi ana awo, kuyesera njira zosiyanasiyana za maubwenzi. Gololo ndi kusankha kwa munthu aliyense ndipo mukhoza kuthana ndi izi mosiyana ndi: ndi kukayikira ndi kunyalanyaza, mkwiyo, ndipo mukhoza kuvomereza kuti ngati chilengedwe chiripo, ndiye pali zifukwa. Amuna ndi akazi omwe ali ndi chiyanjano ndi mgwirizano wamodzi wokhawokha ndipo omwe amayamikira nthawi zonse si ochepa, munthu amakhala ndi chisankho nthawi zonse.