Makhalidwe athu ndi nkhani yophunzira ndi akatswiri a maganizo a chiyambi cha chitukuko cha sayansi. Zambirimbiri, kapena mazana a kuyesa kupanga kagulu ka mtundu wa umunthu wa munthu sizinapangitse njira imodzi yolondola yolingalira. Zotsatira zake, takhala tikufika pamtima kuti timasokoneza lingaliro la umunthu , khalidwe , umunthu, ndi zonsezi zomwe timazitcha monga momwe tikukondera. Tiyeni tifotokoze mofatsa pang'ono mukutanthauzira kwa mitundu yayikulu ya khalidwe ngati osati pa msinkhu wa psychology, ndiye mwachindunji pazokha zawo pa lexicon.
Kodi chikhalidwe ndi chiyani?
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi tanthauzo. Khalidwe ndilo khalidwe labwino kwambiri, lomwe ndilo, zomwe timachita mwadzidzidzi, ndi zochita zathu sizitsimikizirika za mtundu wa khalidwe. Chikhalidwecho chimadziwonetsera kudzera mwa kuzindikira mwakuya kwa zolinga , mosiyana ndi khalidwe lachibadwa, khalidweli limapangidwa ndi kulimbidwa. Makhalidwe ndi mtundu wa khalidwe zimakhudzidwa ndi chikhalidwe, chikhalidwe, moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi makhalidwe osadziwika a chikhalidwe ndi thupi.
Mafananidwe a khalidwe akhoza kudzipatulira, kutero, ndi kusagwirizana, zomwe zimabweretsa mawu otsutsana - "osapota." Munthu wosalimbikitsa satsatira moyo wake, koma mwadzidzidzi, mwa chifuniro cha anthu ena, akuyandama ndi kutuluka kwake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, moyo wa munthu wotere, udindo wapadera sumasewera ndi makhalidwe ake, koma ndi zochitika zina.
Mitundu ya khalidwe
Malongosoledwe mwatsatanetsatane a mitundu ya khalidwe mu psychology anaperekedwa ndi Kretschmer, katswiri wa zamaganizo wa ku America. Ngakhale kuyesedwa kunapangidwa ndi akatswiri ena a maganizo aumwini - Sheldon, Fromm, Personally, Leonhard.
Kretschmer anagwirizanitsa chikhazikitso cha thupi ndi mtundu wa umunthu, ngakhale, monga patapita nthawi, izi zinali chabe kulingalira bwino, chifukwa wolembayo analibe chithandizo cha sayansi ndi kuyesera. Kotero, tiyeni tiyang'ane pa maumboni a thupi:
- mtundu wa asthenic - khungu lofewa, kupyapyala, mapewa ang'onoang'ono, minofu yopanda bwino;
- Mtundu wothamanga kwambiri, chifuwa, minofu yabwino, sing'anga kapena pamwamba pa kukula;
- mtundu wamapikisano - khosi lalifupi, mutu wamphamvu, ndi kunenepa kwambiri.
Mitundu itatuyi inagawidwa muwiri, malinga ndi momwe zimayendera matenda.
Pali schizotimics ndi cyclotomics. Schizotimics ndi anthu omwe amatha kukhala ndi schizophrenia. Mtundu uwu waumalingaliro umatengedwa kuti ndi othamanga ndi anthu a asthenic. Schizotimics amasiyanitsidwa ndi anthu amitundu yambiri, achinyengo ndi malingaliro. Amakonda kukamba zapamwamba, osasonyeza mtima, amaoneka owuma, ozizira komanso osiyana.
Cyclotimics ndi anthu omwe, ndi matenda a maganizo, amapezeka kawirikawiri ndi manic-depressive psychosis. Mu moyo iwo ali mtundu wamapikisano - kucheza, ocheza nawo, osangalatsa komanso kusonkhana mwachikondi.
Zigawo zina zonse zinali zochokera pachiyambi cha Kretschmer. Zinaoneka kuti anthu enieni omwe ali ndi dongosolo linalake amakhala ndi vuto linalake la maganizo limene limayamba pamene khalidwe linalake limapangidwira khalidwe la munthu.
Kodi zimakhala bwanji kuti thupi lathu loyera limakhala ndi chigamulo cha matenda a schizophrenia kapena matenda a manic-depression? Ayi. Zogwirizanitsa zimalandira matendawa, chifukwa mwa mphamvu ya aliyense wa ife kuti tigwirizane ndi kusintha kwa mgwirizano wa psyche ndi mkhalidwe wokwanira wa khungu.