Nchifukwa chiyani mbatata zimapotoza masamba?

Kuwonjezera pa tizirombo tomwe timadziwika bwino za mbatata - chiwonongeko cha Colorado mbatata , pali matenda ambiri omwe amachititsa kuchepa kwa zokolola. Matenda ena amachititsa kupotoza masamba. Tiyeni tiyankhule za zodabwitsa izi ndi njira zolimbana nazo mu nkhaniyi.

Masamba a mbatata amatembenuka - zifukwa

Gulu loyamba la zifukwa ndi matenda a tizilombo. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

1. Maonekedwe ophwanyika. Kugonjetsedwa kumaphatikizidwa ndi chigoba mu kukula, chiwerengero chochepa cha zimayambira, makwinya ndi kupotoza m'mphepete mwa masamba. Zotsatirazi ndi zotsatira za kukula kwa mitsempha yochepa.
2. Zojambulajambula. Matendawa amadziwonekera panthawi ya mbatata. Poyamba, mawanga akuda kwambiri amaoneka - necrosis wa masamba ochokera kumunsi, ndi zilonda zowopsya masamba amapotoka kufa, atapachikidwa pa zimayambira. Kwenikweni, masamba otsika amakhudzidwa, nsonga imakhalabe yobiriwira. Zizindikirozi zimakula panthawi ya kutentha kwakukulu.

Mmene mungagwiritsire ntchito ngati masamba a mbatata amawoneka chifukwa cha matendawa: kutetezedwa kwa mbatata ku matenda a tizilombo ndi nthawi yomwe imachotsa zomera zodwala pamodzi ndi tubers, udzu wamsongo, kukolola kwa nthawi yake. Monga mbeu, ndibwino kuti asankhidwe omwe amawagula m'masitolo apadera okha.

Gulu lachiwiri la zifukwa zopotoza masamba a mbatata ndi matenda a fungal:

1. Phytophthorosis - imakhudza osati masamba okha, komanso zimayambira ndi mbatata. Choyamba, mawanga achikasu ndi ofiira amaoneka pamasamba, ngati chomeracho sichichiritsidwe, tubers pa odulidwawo adzakhala ofiira ndi owuma. Njira zolimbanirana ndizoletsera, kuyambitsa zofunikira zomwe zimapezeka m'nthaka, pa nyengo yokula muyenera kukonza tchire ndi kukonzekera mankhwala.
2. Parsh - imatsogolera kupotoza masamba, mizu ya mbatata imakhala browning ndipo pang'onopang'ono kufa. Zomera zofooka zimayambitsa matendawa. Pambuyo kumera tubers, matendawa sakhudza mbande. Choncho ndi bwino kubzala kale mbatata ndikuonetsetsa kuti palibe nthaka yomwe imakhala pamtunda. Musanadzalemo, tubers imathandizidwa ndi 1.5% yankho la boric acid.

Zifukwa zotsatirazi zimapangitsa kuti mbatata zisakanike masamba akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi matenda a bakiteriya. Imeneyi ndi mwendo wakuda. Zimapangidwa panthawi yosungirako mbeu za tubers komanso nthawi ya kukula kwa mbeu. Choyamba, masamba a apical m'mapatata, ndiye pamunsi pa tsinde amasanduka wakuda ndi kuvunda. Zokha zowononga zingathandize apa: kuyambanso kumera kwa tubers, kumayambira mu njira yothetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - boron, mkuwa sulfate, manganese ndi zinki.

Nthawi zina chifukwa chake mbatata amatembenukira chikasu ndipo masamba amapotoka ndi chilala ndi kutentha kwakukulu, zomwe mungachite pa nkhani iyi: kuthirira ndi kusungunuka tchire, mukhoza kukulitsa mabedi kuti asunge chinyezi m'nthaka yaitali.