Anthu oterewa

Nthawi zina phobias imasokonezeka ndi mantha, popanda kuganiza kuti mawu awa sali ofanana ndi lingaliro lomwelo. Ndipo zifukwa za maonekedwe awo ndi zosiyana kwambiri. Maziko a maonekedwe a phobia ndi ofunika kwambiri ndipo ndi zovuta kuti munthu athetse. Amadziŵa kuti nthawi zina amakumana ndi mantha opanda nzeru, koma sazindikira chifukwa chake.

Mwa kuyankhula kwina, phobias ya munthu imasonyezedwa mwamphamvu obsessions. Iwo amawonetsedwa muzochitika zina ndipo anthu sangathe kuwatsimikizira moyenera, iwo alibe nzeru. Phobias ndizofala kwambiri masiku ano. Anthu amaopa njoka, amalankhula pagulu, agalu, otsekedwa kapena malo otseguka. Kuli komweko, kutanthauza kupeza uthenga wabwino.

Zizindikiro za phobia zimaphatikizirapo pamene munthu amapewa zinthu zina, zinthu, muzomwe akukumana nawo, zosangalatsa kapena mantha. Chizindikiro cha mantha aakulu chimaonekera nthawi yomweyo, nthawi zambiri chimayamba mantha, kuthamanga kumakhala kobwerezabwereza, magazi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi zimatuluka, mutu ukhoza kuyambira, nthawi zina munthu akhoza ngakhale kutaya mtima.

Zizindikiro zina za phobias ndi izi:

• maonekedwe a spasms pammero, zizindikiro zonse za matendawa zimawoneka;
• thupi limawoneka ngati mlendo, munthuyo, ngati kuti, amalephera kukhala nalo, kusintha kwake kosasinthika n'kotheka;
• kusokonezeka thupi;
• kusanza;
• Kutaya mphamvu pazochitika komanso payekha, chiyeso.

Kodi phobias ndi chiyani?

Phobias amagawidwa kukhala zamoyo mogwirizana ndi phunziro, chinthu choopa anthu:

1. Kuopa malo. Kwa mtundu uwu wa phobia ndi kuphatikizapo claustrophobia (mantha ozungulira malo), agoraphobia (mosiyana - mantha a malo omasuka).
2. Kuthandizana ndi anthu - mantha omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi moyo waumphawi, umoyo wa anthu, monga mantha a anthu, mantha a kuphwanyidwa, kuopa kulankhula ndi anthu ena. Izi zikuphatikizanso mtundu uwu wa chizolowezi, monga mantha a kutayika wokondedwa.
3. Gulu lachitatu - kuopseza - kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mantha yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi matenda, mwachitsanzo, mantha a khansa, psychophobia - kuopa kukhala ndi matenda a maganizo.
4. Kusiyana kwa phobias. Izi zikuphatikizapo, mwachitsanzo, kuopa kulumbirira mokweza pamalo ammudzi.
5. Kugonjetsa matendawa ndi mantha a imfa.
6. Phobias amawopa pozunza okha kapena anthu apamtima.
7. Zoopsya zosiyanasiyana za zinyama.
8. Ndipo potsiriza, phobophobia ndi mantha a mantha.

Kuchiza kwa phobias

Ndipotu, pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya anthu padziko lapansi amakhudzidwa ndi phobias. Mwachitsanzo, ku US, makamaka amayi amavutika ndi iwo, osati amuna. Ndizosatheka kupirira nokha ndi vutoli, choncho, ngati zizindikiro za mantha aakulu zikuwonekera, nkofunika kukaonana ndi katswiri. Monga lamulo, njira zazikulu zothandizira odwala phobias ndi mankhwala ndi psychotherapy.

1. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Wodwalayo amatchedwa mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito psychotropic omwe amalepheretsa kugawidwa kwa serotonin. Motero, amachititsa serotonin mu ubongo, zomwe zimathandiza kulimbana ndi kuvutika maganizo komwe kumachitika motsutsana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu ena. Zotsatira za mankhwalawa ndi pafupifupi 50-60%, kupatulapo, wina sayenera kuiwala za zotsatira za mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mwayi wowagwiritsa ntchito.
2. Psychotherapy. Mankhwala a phobias a munthu amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya psychotherapy, koma ndi phobias omwe amaonedwa kuti ndi ovuta kwambiri kuchiza ndikusowa mwapadera. Thandizo, monga lamulo, limatenga nthawi yaitali, chifukwa kuti likhale lopambana, choyamba ndikofunikira kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa mantha.