Dahlias - kubzala ndi kusamalira, malingaliro akukula

Chokongoletsera chenicheni cha munda ndi dahlias, kubzala ndi kusamalira maluwa okongola sizimayambitsa vuto linalake lapadera, koma ali ndi zovuta zawo. Zomera zimagwirizana bwino ndi nyengo za dziko lathu. Amachokera ku banja la astroves, lolemekezedwa ndi botanist wotchuka wa Petersburg Johanna Georgi.

Kodi dahlias amawoneka bwanji?

Dahlias wa maluwa ndi a zomera za tuberous, mtundu wazitali wa mamita 30 cm, mitundu ikuluikulu imatha kufika mamita awiri. Madenguwa ndi okongola kwambiri, okhala ndi mapaundi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana - yoyera, yonse yofiira, yofiira, yofiira, yachikasu. Nthawi zambiri zimatha kuwona hybrids zamitundu iwiri ndi motley. Nthawi zambiri poyera nthaka wamkulu osatha mitundu, koma nthaka gawo la chitsamba awo yophukira akufa mpaka muzu khosi. Dahlias - ndondomeko yowonjezera:

• Chomeracho chili ndi phesi lachitsulo chomwe chili pafupi ndi masamba okhala nthenga;
• mitundu imasiyana mosiyana ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa okongola a mitundu yambiri. Mphukira yaing'ono imakhala yaikulu mpaka masentimita 10, mu zimphona kukula kwa dengu loposa 25 cm.

Dahlias - mitundu

Malinga ndi ndondomeko za rosettes dahlias zimagawidwa mu mitundu yotsatirayi:

• Mitundu ya Nymphy terry imakula mpaka masentimita 70-130, ali ndi madengu ofunda osapangidwe 7-20 cm kudutsa, ofanana ndi maluwa a madzi;
• Dahlias yosavuta kwambiri imatha kufika masentimita 45 mpaka 60 mu msinkhu, mapaundi awo amkati pakati ndi mzere umodzi wa rosettes m'mphepete mwa mawonekedwe a masentimita 10;
• Mtundu wa mtundu wa cactus ndi chomera cha masentimita 90-150 mu kukula kwake, kuphatikizapo mapulogalamu awiri ophatikizana amakhala ophwanyika, ophimbidwa pamtambo wamkati 8-25 masentimita;
• pompon dahlias amatha kulemera kwa masentimita 90-120, madengu a terry ali ndi mawonekedwe a mpira masentimita asanu;
• Maluwa ooneka ngati Pion ali ndi mapaipi omwe ali pakati ndi mizere yambiri yapamwamba kwambiri. Mtundu wa corolla - wofiirira, wofiirira, wofiira;
• Mitundu ya globular ili ndi kutalika kwa 90-120 masentimita, madengu obiriwira a 8-15 masentimita amapangidwa pa mphukira;
• Mitundu ya kolala ndi shrub mpaka masentimita 120. Maluwa awo amadziwika ndi mtundu wosazolowereka. Zili ndi mbali yapakati pambali (kapezi, chikasu, zofiira), pamwamba pake ndizochepetseka, zopotoka, zabwino kwambiri;
• Mitundu ya animeyo mpaka 90 cm yapamwamba imakhala ndi zofiira, violet-chikasu, maluwa a bronze ndi mamita 10 masentimita.

Momwe mungabzalitsire dahlias?

Kuti mukhale ndi dahlias zokongola mumunda, mutabzala ndikusiya inu muyenera kusankha malo abwino. Kukonzekera dothi:

• nthaka pa siteti iyenera kukhala madzi okonzeka, okonzedwa bwino, ochepa mphamvu kapena osalowerera;
• mu kugwa pakukumba, malowa amapindula ndi kompositi - 3-5 makilogalamu pa 1 m ² ;
• M'chaka, kusamalira nthaka kumaphatikizapo mobwerezabwereza kupota ndi kompositi ndi phulusa.

Ikani tchire bwino mu penumra yowala, kumene nyengo ya maluwa idzakhala yayikulu. Malo otsetsereka ndi abwino kusintha chaka chilichonse, musagwiritse ntchito malowa pambuyo pa asters. Mkhalidwe wofunikira ndi msinkhu wambiri wa chinyezi. Mukamabzala ndi zofunika kukonza ngalande yosanjikiza ya njerwa yosweka. Maluwa a maluwa amayamba kuwonongeka, choncho sayenera kuikidwa m'mapiri. Kubzala dahlias pansi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mababu okonzeka kapena mbewu. Poyambirira, muyenera kuthana ndi ndondomeko ya kukumba ndi kusunga mizu.

Kodi mungamange bwanji dahlias ndi tubers?

Momwe mungabzalitsire dahlias ndi tubers:

1. Mu April, mizu imakonzedwa - yothira pa zouma zouma, chotsani malo owonongeka, kudula zigawo ndi greenery.
2. Mitundu ya tubers imabzalidwa m'chombo ndi peat kapena michere yosakaniza, kuti ikhale ndi masentimita 2-3 pamwamba, ndipo ikhale masabata awiri kutentha kwa 18 ° C ndi kuwala kowala.
3. Pamene masamba amawonekera, mababu amadulidwa, kotero kuti pa chidutswa chilichonse pali ovary ndi mizu.
4. Iwo amamerabe mu bokosi mpaka mphukira ifika pa masentimita 10, kenaka ikabzala pansi.
5. Dzenje la dahlias ndilofunika 40x40x40 masentimita, ikani kompositi wopumula pansi.
6. Lukovychka imayikidwa kuti mizu ya mizu ikhale masentimita angapo apamwamba kuposa nthaka.
7. Mutabzala, mbande zimamwe madzi ndi madzi ozizira ndipo zimakhala ndi makungwa opangira.
8. Pamapanga apamwamba, mabowo amasungidwa pafupi ndi mabowo, kotero kuti zofooka zimayambira sizimatha mphepo.

Momwe mungabzalitsire dahlias mu mbewu za masika?

Mothandizidwa ndi mbewu, chaka chimodzi ndi mitundu yosatha ikhoza kukula. Momwe mungabzalitsire dahlias m'nthaka kumapeto:

1. Zida zamapulasitiki zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi. Mbeu m'masiku oyambirira a Epulo inafalikira pa mchenga wa calcined, wakuwaza, wothira, wophimbidwa ndi cellophane.
2. Pa kutentha kwa mbeu 25-17 ° C kumera kwa masiku khumi, kenaka kuikidwa miphika yosiyana.
3. Monga mankhwala osakaniza ndi abwino - mlingo umodzi wa peat ndi mchenga ndi masamba awiri. Masiku atatu asanasankhe , nthaka imatulutsidwa ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate.
4. Pambuyo pake, mbande imathiriridwa ngati gawo lapansi liuma, pambuyo poti lizitha kukhazikika pansi.

Kodi kudzala dahlias panja?

Maluwa amaikidwa pamtunda kumapeto kwa mwezi wa May kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June, pamene dahlias atha kale kubzalidwa bwino - dziko lapansi lawotchera, zoopsya za chisanu cha masika zatha. Amaluwa ena amawabwezera nthawi yoyamba. Komano muyenera kusamala mababu kapena mbande ndi mulch (utuchi, peat) kuchokera kotheka kuti chisanu chikhoza kuwawononga. Ngati mubzala mbewu mochedwa, maluwa amtsogolo akhoza kufika ku nyengo yotentha kwambiri ya chilimwe ndipo madengu amatha kutentha mwamsanga.

Dahlias - chisamaliro ndi kulima

Kuti dahlias adziwe maluwa okongola komanso okongola, kubzala ndi kusamalira kumatanthawuza ulimi wothirira, feteleza, kuchotsa namsongole. Kubzala nthaka kumachitika ngati namsongole amakula. Kuchotsa kutsekula kumatha kutayidwa, pamene kukula kwa dahlias kuli kosavuta ngati mumadutsa m'deralo ndi maluwa. Udzu wouma ndi utuchi zidzathandiza kulimbana ndi slugs ndipo panthawi yomweyo zidzalola nthaka kuti iume ngakhale m'masiku otentha. Kumapeto kwa September - oyambirira October, dahlia tubers ayenera kukumba. Kusamalira mizu m'nyengo yozizira:

• Masiku angapo asanafufuze mphukira amachotsedwa ku chitsamba ndikuphimba ndi zojambulazo, kuti chinyontho chisagwidwe;
• m'nyengo yozizira achoka 5-10 masentimita a tsinde pa mizu;
• Mitundu ya nkhumba imakumbidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 30, mafoloko amachoka pansi, amatsuka mababu ndikuwaika kuti awume;
• zopanda mawonekedwe pa iwo amazaza ndi makala;
• Sungani chinthu chodzala pa 3-5 + C mu malo okwanirira mpweya wabwino mu chidebe ndi mchenga wouma kapena utuchi mpaka masika.

Maluwa a dahlia - mbali za kuthirira

Kusamalira dahlias kumaphatikizapo kutsirira kwaulere 1-2 pa sabata (ngati palibe mvula). Koma simungalole kutaya kwa chinyezi mu babu ya chomera, mwinamwake chidzachititsa kuwonongeka. Madzi ayenera kukhala kuti madzi amweke nthaka mpaka masentimita 30 - izi ndi zokwanira kuti maluwawo alandire mlingo woyenera wa madzi opatsa moyo. Kutentha kwakukulu kuti kusungira chinyezi kumathandizira kukwera phiri. Musanayambe kuthirira nthaka ndi mulch kuchokera pa tsinde ayenera kuchotsedwa, mutatha kutsuka - kachiwiritsaninso mbewu.

Kodi kudyetsa dahlias?

Pa kuthirira ndi kosavuta kupanga feteleza pansi pa chitsamba. Kodi mungasamalire bwanji dahlias pankhani ya kuvala:

1. Pakatha milungu iwiri yokha ya nyengoyi, chikhalidwe chimakhala ndi umuna, kusinthanitsa mchere ndi zofunikira zamoyo - ammonium nitrate (15 g pa m ² ), mullein kulowetsedwa 1:10 kapena zitosi za mbalame 1:20.
2. Pakubwera kwa impso zazing'ono, ndikulimbikitsanso kuwonjezera superphosphate ndi mankhwala a potaziyamu m'nthaka pa mlingo wa 30 g pa ndowa ya madzi - izo zikwanira zitsanzo 8.
3. Feteleza ndi zophweka kupanga - pamphepete mwa chitsamba dzenje limapangidwa, nyambo imayikidwa mmenemo, madzi ndi owazidwa ndi dziko lapansi.

Kodi iwo amawombera dahlias?

Pa nthawi yonseyi, m'pofunikira kuthetsa masamba osweka, kuti asayambe kuoneka kwa atsopano. Pamwamba kwambiri, ndi bwino kutsitsa njira zowonongeka, pa tchire chokwanira chomwe sichinachitike. Kutulutsa masamba pa mlingo wa 30-40 masentimita kuchokera muzu bwino kusintha kwa mpweya pakati pa zimayambira. Kuti mukhale ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya influrescences ya dahlias, kukula kumaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwa masamba owonjezera. Mu chitsamba chimodzi nthawi yomweyo musasiye mabasiketi awiri ndi mphukira zitatu. Izi zidzatenga lalikulu ndi zokongoletsa maluwa.

Maluwa dahlias - matenda ndi tizirombo

Dahlias a maluwa, kubzala ndi kusamalira zomwe zikuchitika molingana ndi agrotechnics, odwala pang'ono. Koma nthawi zina amatha kugwidwa ndi tizirombo kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Matenda, majeremusi ndi njira zolimbana nazo:

1. Zilonda za akangaude , nsabwe za m'masamba ndi mbozi ndizoopsa zowopsa kwa chikhalidwe. Kusamalira dahlias kumatenga, pakamawoneka, tchire kamodzi pa sabata madzulo amatsanulira ndi decoction wa zamanga kapena celandine. Mkaka wa sopo ungagwiritsidwe ntchito ku nsabwe za m'masamba. Ngati pali mavitamini ambiri, mankhwala ophera tizirombo amafunika.
2. Nsomba zazing'ono zimakopa kwambiri slugs, zomwe zimawopsya iwo m'nyengo yamvula. Pofuna kupewa, dothi lozungulira kuthengo limatha kusakanizidwa ndi fumbi kapena fodya wowawasa.
3. Ngati pali waya wambiri mu nthaka, chlorophos imalowa mkati mwake ndi rakes.
4. Mafilimu opangidwa ndi mafilimu chifukwa cha mavairasi samachiritsidwa. Pofuna kupewa matenda a zomera zina, chitsamba chokhudzidwa chiyenera kukumba ndikuwotchedwa pamodzi ndi mizu.