Feteleza wa adyo m'dzinja

Ngati chilimwe wokhala akudziwa kuti m'dzinja feteleza kwa adyo ndi zochepa kuposa kukula nyengo, ndiye angathe kuyembekezera zabwino zokolola. Kuwonjezera apo, m'pofunika kuganizira zokolola zoyenera za mbeu, chifukwa chomera izi ndizofunikira kwambiri.

Kodi feteleza amafunikira chiyani mutabzala adyo mu kugwa?

Kuyambira kukonzekera bedi kwa adyo zofunikira kuchokera pakati pa chilimwe. Pakatikatikati mwa mwezi wa July, nthaka ya adyo, yomwe idzabzalidwa kugwa, iyenera kukhala yaulere ndipo feteleza yake yoyamba ikhoza kuyambika pakalipano. Ntchitoyi iyenera kuchitika malinga ndi ndondomeko yotsatirayi:

1. Kutulutsidwa kwa nthaka kuchokera ku mbewu zapitazo. Ndi bwino kubzala yozizira m'malo omwe kabichi, zukini, ndi nkhaka zimakula.
2. Kufukula kwakukulu kwa dziko lapansi ndi Kuwonjezera kwa kachiwiri manyowa (humus) kapena kompositi ndi nkhuni phulusa. Ngati mutachita izi mwamsanga musanadzale adyo, ndiye kuti muli ndi mwayi waukulu wolowera mitu chifukwa chakuti nthaka idzakhala yosasunthika, osati yosweka.
3. Khalani kuthirira ndi kuchotsa namsongole - musati mudzule udzu kuti mupatse mwayi wokhala nokha feteleza omwe akufunira adyo.

Popeza adyo amakonda nthaka yochuluka ya zakudya, zimakhala zovuta kukolola bwino m'munda wa masamba osavomerezeka. Koma osati kuvala adyo pokhapokha panthawi yoyambilira nthawi yobzala ndikofunikira. Chofunika kwambiri ndi acidity ya nthaka. Pakuti adyo, sayenera kulowerera ndale. Ndichifukwa chake, chifukwa cha kusadziŵa, kutentha kwa humus kapena phulusa sikungathandize kuti nthaka ikhale yopangidwa, komanso imapweteka.

Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ziyenera kukumbukira kuti ngati mbewu yomwe idakwera pa bedi pamaso pa adyo isamalidwe mwamsanga m'nyengo yamasika ndi chilimwe, ndiye kuti yophukira feteleza ikhoza kuikidwa mochepa.

Mankhwala feteleza pansi yozizira adyo mu autumn

Kuonjezera pa zinthu zomwe zimayambira, kukula kwa adyo kumakhudzidwa ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana. Choncho panthawi yophukira kudula mano m'nthaka ayenera kuwonjezeredwa:

1. Feteleza okhala nayitrogeni - ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate, calcium ndi sodium nitrate. Nayitrogeni imayendetsera bwino pakati pa gawo la mbeu ndi mitu yake.
2. Phosphoric-potash feteleza - superphosphate , potaziyamu mchere, potaziyamu-magnesia, ufa wosalala, potassium carbonate. Kukonzekera kotereku kumawonjezereka zokolola za adyo, nyengo yozizira yochepetsera komanso kuchepetsa matenda.

Dziwani kuti kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni kwa feteleza phosphate ayenera kukhala 1: 2. Ndi bwino kusamera kuposa kupitirira mankhwala osadziwika bwino. Kukonzekera zamakono kwa dzinja kumayambira makamaka mu youma mawonekedwe, popanda dilution ndi madzi, chifukwa pang'ono ingress m'nthaka.