Kodi zitsamba zimakula bwanji?

Chomera cha sesame, kapena, monga chimatchedwanso, sesame, ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zakale zomwe zimadziwika ndi munthu. Sesame amatchulidwa mu mpukutu wa Ebers, womwe uli ndi ndondomeko ya mankhwala azitsamba ndi zonunkhira. Malinga ndi asayansi, gumbwa iyi inayamba zaka za m'ma 1600 BC. Zopindulitsa za mbewu za sameame zinadziwika mu ntchito zawo zachipatala ndi Avicenna wamkulu. Mbewu za zitsamba, zowonjezeredwa ku zakudya zamabotolo, halva , saladi zimapatsa chakudya chisangalalo chapadera ndi kulawa, ndi kupindula thupi. Komanso kuphika, mafuta a sesame amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyama, tirigu ndi mbale zamasamba. Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri akukula, ndi ochepa chabe omwe amadziwa mmene shuga imakula.

Kodi shuga ikuwoneka bwanji?

Sesame - chomera chomera (white), chomera chobiriwira, chokongola kapena chofewa, chimakula kwambiri kuchokera ku zitsamba za masamba. Chochititsa chidwi ndi chakuti maluwawo amasungunuka kwa tsiku limodzi, ndi kudzipukutira kwa zomera, ndiyeno mapangidwe a kapule-pod ndi mbewu zing'onozing'ono zoyera, zachikasu, zakuda kapena zofiira.

Kodi samasamba ikukula kuti?

Sesame ndi chomera chokonda kutentha kwambiri, chomwe chimapezeka m'madera otentha komanso otentha kwambiri, koma mitundu yake ya zomera zakutchire siilipo panopo. Kuyambira kale, chikhalidwe chatakula ku Pakistan, India, Arabia, North Africa. Pambuyo pake, alimi a ku Central Asia, Caucasus, ndi South-East Asia akulima zitsamba. Ku Russia, mbewu zam'munda zimakhala m'madera akumidzi ku Krasnodar Territory. Kuchepetsa kumatha kukula m'madera ozungulira, koma akatswiri azaulimi akuchenjeza kuti ndizovuta. Komabe, ngati mukufuna, mukhoza kulimbikitsa zokoma pa dziko lanu. Koma kumbukirani kuti pakatikati bwalo kukula kwa mbewu sikudutsa 60 - 80 masentimita, ndipo chipatso chobala mbewu ndi chochepa.

Kodi mungamere bwanji mbewu za shuga?

Mbeu imayambira pamene kutentha kwa nthaka kumtunda kumafikira +16 ... madigiri. Chinthu chabwino kwambiri cha kumera kwa sesame ndi kutentha kwa 25% + madigiri 30. Ngati kutentha kumatsikira ku zero, mbewu imathamanga, kotero kuti chisanu chiwopsyeze, mbewu ziyenera kuikidwa ndi polyethylene. Nyengo ikakhala yozizira, zomera zimasiya, ndipo pakutha kwa masiku otentha, sesame imakula mofulumira. Nthaka yabwino ya kulima zitsamba ndi nthaka yachonde ndi nthaka yabwino, yomwe ndi loamy dothi.

Chiwembu chosankhidwa kuti chikule chitetezo chiyenera kukonzedwa: kuchotsani namsongole, kumasula nthaka ndi manyowa. Kwa feteleza, 25 g wa potaziyamu chloride ndi ammonium nitrate, 100 g ya superphosphate amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa 1 mamita. Nthawi yomweyo mbeu isanayambe kufesa nthaka. Mbewu imabzalidwa pamtunda wa masentimita awiri mpaka 3, ndikusunga pakati pa mizere yayitali ya 0.5 - 0.7 mamita Pa 1mm, 0,5 - 1 g ya inoculum imafunika. Pamene mbeu za sitsamba zimayamba kumera, m'pofunikira kupanga kupatulira, kotero kuti mtunda pakati pa mphukira suli 6 cm.

M'tsogolomu, kusamalira nthawi zonse kumayenera kuchitidwa ndi kuthirira nthawi, kupalira ndi kumasula. Pamene sitsamba zimayambira, ndiye kuti mbewuyo sichitha mantha chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chinyezi. Popeza kuti masambawa ndi olimba kwambiri komanso masamba akuluakulu amatsutsana ndi mphepo, kubzala mbewu za sitsami zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitetezo cha zomera zosagonjetsedwa ndi chilala, kubzala mbewu mitsinje ingapo.

Kukolola mbewu za saga

Kumayambiriro kwa autumn masamba a zitsamba amayamba kutembenukira chikasu ndi kugwa, ndipo kapsule ndi mbewu zimalira ndi kutembenukira bulauni. Ichi ndi chizindikiro choti ndi nthawi yokolola. Chotsani pods chiyenera kukhala cholondola kwambiri, chifukwa pamene muwakhudza, bokosi limatsegula ndipo mbewu zimatuluka. Kuchokera pa 1 m² mukhoza kusonkhanitsa mpaka 200 g ya mbewu za sitsame.