Kolifulawa ndi chomera cha pachaka. Wakhala wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa agronomists amateur chifukwa chothandiza katundu: umaphatikizapo mavitamini monga folic acid , potaziyamu , calcium, vitamini C. Choncho, anthu ambiri amayesetsa kukula pa chiwembu chawo.
Popeza kolifulawa ndi chomera choyambirira, m'pofunika kuti muzisunga mosamala zinthu zomwe zimalima.
Kolifulawa: Kukula ndi Kusamalira
Mbewu zolifulawa zotsatirazi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi nthawi ya kucha:
- oyambirira: mitu ikuwonekera patatha masiku 90 kuchokera pakukula;
- Kawirikawiri: maonekedwe a mitu yoyamba amatha kuwona patatha masiku 120;
- mochedwa: nyengo yokula ya zosiyanasiyanazi ndi miyezi inayi.
Kolifulawa ndi chikhalidwe cha photophilic. Komabe, muyenera kuteteza zomera ku dzuwa, mwinamwake mitu yake idzawonongedwa. Kuti apeze mitu yabwino amayenera kutetezedwa. Pali njira zitatu zochitira izi:
- phulani pepala la chingwe pamwamba pa mutu;
- kumanga masamba awiri awiri;
- malo okhala ndi pepala, masamba akulu.
Chifukwa cha kufookera kwa mizu, kolifulawa ikufuna nthaka: imakula bwino muzandale kapena pang'ono padziko lapansi. Choposa zonse, chimakula pa loam kapena m'nthaka yokhala ndi zinthu zambiri zamtundu.
Kolifulawa amakonda madzi ndipo salola kuleza chilala. Choncho, ayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse. Nthaka itangotha kuthirira, nthaka imasulidwa. M'nyengo yotentha, m'pofunikira kupopera masamba a zomera kuti achepetse kutentha pafupi nawo. Pankhaniyi, ngati kutentha kumakhala pamwamba madigiri 35, kupopera mbewu kumaphatikizapo mphindi khumi ndi zisanu.
Kolifulawa: kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Kulima kolifulawa kumafuna kukonzekera nthaka: mbande ziyenera kubzalidwa m'nthaka kusakaniza kopangidwa ndi peat, mchenga ndi kuzungulira.
Kuti mbeu izimbe, ndikofunikira kusunga kutentha kwa chilengedwe pa madigiri 2-5 ndikuwaza nthaka ndi madzi. Mitengo yoyamba imayamba kufesedwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March, mitundu yochedwa - mu April.
Munda wa momwe mbewu zimamera, ulamuliro wa kutentha umasungidwa pa madigiri 20-25. Mwamsanga pamene mphukira yoyamba ikuwonekera, imatsitsa mpaka madigiri 10.
Patapita sabata, kutentha kwa nyengo ya dzuwa kuyenera kukhala madigiri 17, mu mitambo - madigiri 14, usiku - madigiri 9. Ngati kutentha kumakhala pamwamba pa madigiri 20, izi zidzatsogolera kumangidwe koyambirira kwa mitu.
Ali ndi zaka 14, zimamera.
Pafupifupi masabata awiri musanayambe kubzala mbewu, munthu ayenera kuyamba kukwiyitsa chomera kuti adziwombe, kutentha ndi dzuwa.
Oyambirira mitundu ya kolifulawa chodzala kumayambiriro kwa May, mochedwa mitundu - May 10-20.
Mtunda pakati pa zomera pa kama ukhale 1 masentimita, pakati pa mizere - 3 masentimita.
Patapita masiku khumi mbande zitabzalidwa pansi, nkofunika kupanga feteleza yoyamba: nitrofoska ndi mullein ndizofunikira monga feteleza. Chakudya chachiwiri chikuchitika patatha milungu iwiri mutabzala. Panthawiyi, mutu woyamba wa kabichi, kukula kwa mtedza, kawirikawiri umawonekera. Patapita masiku 10, iwo amapereka chakudya chachitatu.
Mukhoza kukonza kulima kolifulawa mu wowonjezera kutentha. Ndikofunika kuti mukhale ndi chinyezi chabwino kwambiri cha kutentha ndi kutentha momwemo kuti musamakhetse mitu ya kabichi. Kumayambiriro kwa February, iwo amapanga mbande kuchokera ku mbewu zoyambirira. Ndipo kale kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April iwo amapanga malo otentha. Ngati palibe wowonjezera kutentha, ndiye kuti n'zotheka kubzala mbewu pamtunda ndikuphimba ndi filimu ya polyethylene.
Kulima kolifulawa mu mbewu zopanda mbande kumalimbikitsa kukula msanga kwa mbewu ndi mapangidwe oyambirira a mitu. Njira yamakono ya kulima kolifulawa ku mbewu yofanana ndi yobzala mbande pamalo otseguka.
Kolifulawa ndi mankhwala omwe si othandiza kokha, komanso okoma. Komabe, ndikovuta kwambiri kwa chilengedwe. Choncho, m'pofunika kuganizira zenizeni za kukula kolifulawa:
- mitu yamthunzi;
- kuthirira;
- kumasulidwa kwa nthaka;
- chidutswa;
- zovala zapamwamba.
Ndi kulemekeza kwathunthu pa zikhalidwe zonse za kulima ndi kusamalidwa, nthawizina ngakhale wamaluwa wamaluwa angakhale ndi zopinga. Kuti bwino kukula kolifulawa m'munda wanu ndikofunika kutsatira malangizo ake kulima.