Chithandizo cha hepatitis C ndi vuto lenileni, lomwe lasinthidwa kwa nthawi yaitali ndi asayansi padziko lonse lapansi. Chaka chilichonse chiwerengero cha milandu chikuwonjezeka, choncho munthu aliyense wathanzi ayenera kudziŵa zambiri zokhudza matendawa, njira zake zowunikira, mankhwala ndi kupewa.
Kodi hepatitis C ndi chiyani?
Malingana ndi ziwerengero, nthawi zambiri, matenda a chiwindi a mtundu wa C amapezeka mwa amayi aang'ono, ndipo matendawa amapezeka mwadzidzidzi pamene apeza ziwalo zina pa zifukwa zina. Chifukwa chakuti matendawa "amawuluka" osadziwika, akuyenda ndi zizindikiro zosadziwika, pang'onopang'ono amawononga kuopsa kwake, amatchedwa "wakupha munthu wokondedwa."
Chiwindi cha matenda a chiwindi ndi matenda a chiwindi, omwe maselo a chiwindi amakhudzidwa kwambiri. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, matendawa amachititsa kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kagawo, mbali imodzi imagonjetsa ziwalo zina zamkati ndi machitidwe: impso, mapapo, mitsempha ya mitsempha, hematopoiesis, chitetezo cha mthupi. Wothandizira mankhwalawa ndi kachilombo kochokera ku banja la flaviviruses, lomwe limasintha nthawi zonse. Pali mitundu khumi ndi iwiri ya ma genotypes, ndipo mu thupi la munthu wodwala, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mpaka 40 magulu a mutant akhoza kuwerengedwa nthawi imodzi.
Chiwindi cha matenda a chiwindi (C)
Gwero la matenda ndi munthu amene ali ndi vuto lachilendo kapena lachilendo la matenda, komanso wothandizira matenda. Matenda a hepatitis C makamaka kudzera mwazi ndi zigawo zake. Kuphatikiza apo, mwa amayi ochepa, odwala, matendawa amapezeka kumaliseche, kumaliseche, kumaliseche, mimba. Kawirikawiri, matenda a parenteral amapezeka pakakhala osakwanira kutsata ndondomeko zoyenera ndi zaukhondo pazochitika izi:
- kuponderezedwa kwachipatala, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito singano, syringes, scalpels;
- hemodialysis, kuikidwa magazi, opaleshoni ya ziwalo zopereka;
- ntchito zambiri za singano imodzi ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo;
- misonkhano yamazinyo;
- zojambula;
- thandizo la ovala tsitsi;
- manicure, pedicure mu saloni;
- chojambula;
- njira zoboola;
- kugwiritsa ntchito ubweya wa mano, wina ndi luso.
Kuonjezera apo, pali njira zogonana zokhudzana ndi chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV, chiopsezo chomwe chimawonjezeka ndi kusintha kwafupipafupi kwa ogonana nawo, kugonana kosatetezeka, kugonana koopsa, kugonana pa nthawi ya kusamba. Ponena za kufala kwa kachilombo ka HIV kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mayi pamene ali ndi mimba ndi kubala, mwayi umenewu ulipo, koma uli wochepa ndipo nthawi zambiri umagwirizanitsidwa ndi gawo la mthupi. Kutaya zonyansa kupyolera mu mbale, chakudya, madzi, pa zokambirana, kutsokomola, kumpsyopsyona ndi kuvomereza.
Chiwindi cha chiwindi C - nthawi yopuma
Pamene kachilombo ka hepatitis C kamalowa m'thupi, nthawi yomwe imakhalapo pakati pa nthawi ya matenda ndi maonekedwe a zizindikiro zoyamba zimasiyana komanso zimasiyana malinga ndi chiwerengero cha maselo okhudzana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuyendetsa kwa chitetezo cha thupi, chitetezo cha thupi, ndi zina zotero. Nthawi yaying'ono yotengeka ingakhale pafupifupi masabata awiri, motalika kwambiri - masabata 26. Kawirikawiri nthawi iyi ili pafupi masiku 50.
Ndi angati omwe ali ndi chiwindi cha C?
Matenda a chiwindi, omwe amadziwika bwino kwambiri ndipo sanalandire chithandizo choyenera panthawi yake, mosakayikira amachititsa kuti chiwindi chiziwopsa. Popanda kuika thupi, izi zimayambitsa zotsatira zakupha 20-30 patatha zaka. Pamene munthu ali ndi zizoloŵezi zoipa, amatsogolera moyo wonyansa, amadwala matenda ena, nthawiyi yachepetsedwa kwambiri.
Ngati matendawa amapezeka mu sitepe yosatsegulidwa, chithandizo choyenera cha hepatitis C chikuchitika, malamulo onse a zachipatala amachitika, ndiye kuti kuthekera kwa machiritso ndi kubwezeretsa chiwindi ndi ntchito yabwino. Kuganizira zamakono zamakono, zowonongeka zimakhala 60-90%, ndiko kuti, ndi chithandizo chamoyo, kuyembekezera kuti munthu amene ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV amakhala ndi moyo wofanana ndi umene unanenedweratu kwa anthu ambiri.
Chiwindi cha chiwindi C - zizindikiro
Zizindikiro zoyambirira za kutentha kwa chiwindi cha matenda a hepatitis C nthawi zambiri zikhoza kulakwitsa chifukwa cha chiwonetsero cha kutsekula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- kuwonjezeka pang'ono pa kutentha kwa thupi;
- mutu;
- ululu wa musculo-articular;
- kufooka kwakukulu;
- kuwonongeka kwa chilakolako;
- chisokonezo;
- kusokonezeka m'mimba.
Kwa odwala ambiri, ngakhale mawonetseredwe awa salipo, kotero iwo sakudziwa za matendawa kwa nthawi yaitali. Patatha masabata angapo, zizindikiro zotere za chiwindi cha hepatitis C zikutheka kuti:
- mdima wa mkodzo;
- kuwunikira kwa zinyansi;
- khungu ndi khungu la maso;
- kuthamanga kwa khungu ndi kuyabwa;
- chobvala chachikasu pa lirime ;
- kusokonezeka mu hypochondrium yolondola.
Matenda a chiwindi amatha kudandaula ndi zizindikiro zosokoneza:
- kutopa nthawi zonse;
- kufooketsa kwachangu;
- kuwonjezeka m'mimba ya mimba motsutsana ndi msinkhu wa kulemera kwakukulu;
- kusinthasintha, kusokonezeka.
Chiwindi cha chiwindi C - Kuzindikira
Kudziwa kukhalapo kwa matenda m'thupi kungakhale, pambuyo poyezetsa magazi pamatenda pogwiritsa ntchito njira izi:
- polymasi chain;
- immunoenzymatic njira.
Kuonjezerapo, kuti azindikire chiwindi cha C, ndizotheka kudzipenda yekha. Kupyolera mu kuyesa mwamsanga kunyumba, komwe kungagulidwe pa pharmacy, kupezeka kwa ma antibodies ku kachilombo ka hepatitis C kumatsimikiziridwa. Izi zimafuna kupotoza chala, kusonkhanitsa pang'ono magazi, kuigwiritsa ntchito pa chidutswa chapadera ndi kuwonjezera reagent (zonse zomwe mukufunikira zikuphatikizidwa). Zotsatira zimadziwika patapita mphindi khumi.
Ngati kafukufuku wodwala matenda a chiwindi amatsimikizira kuti matendawa ndi ofunika, maphunziro amapatsidwa kuti adziwe momwe chiwerengero cha matendawa chikuyendera, kuyesa kuchuluka kwake kwa chiwindi, kuzindikira zovuta, zomwe zikuluzikuluzi ndizo:
- kuyesa magazi ambiri;
- zosavuta ;
- coagulogram;
- Ultrasound ya ziwalo za m'mimba;
- chiwindi cha chiwindi .
Chiwindi cha chiwindi C - mankhwala
Mmene angachiritse matenda a chiwindi a mtundu wa C, malinga ndi ndondomeko yotani, amadziwitsa dokotala atatha kupeza njira zogwiritsira ntchito matendawa ndikudziwitsanso mtundu wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Odwala ayenera kuganizira kuti chithandizo cha hepatitis C ndi chautali komanso chamtengo wapatali. Pali mapulogalamu apadera a boma omwe angapereke mankhwalawa, omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi magulu ena odwala. Mankhwalawa amawathandiza kuchotsa kachilombo ku thupi, kulimbikitsa chitetezo chokwanira, kupewa zovuta.
Kodi matenda a hepatitis C amachiritsidwa?
Madokotala amanena kuti n'zotheka kuchiza odwala omwe ali ndi "kachilombo ka HIV" ngati matendawa akupezeka nthawi. Pamene matendawa amatha zaka zingapo, mwayi wochiritsidwa ndi wochepa, koma ngakhale m'matendawa n'zotheka kukwanitsa kubwezeretsedwa, kusunga chiwindi ntchito, kuteteza kukula kwa mavuto aakulu. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya matenda opatsirana ndi kachilomboka ndi machiritso, monga umboni wokhudzana ndi ma antibodies kwa causative wothandizira matenda popanda kukhalapo kwa maselo a m'thupi.
Mankhwala a Hepatitis C
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito posachedwapa chifukwa cha matenda a hepatitis C pofuna kuthetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amachokera ku interferon-α (Roferon-A, Intron-A, Pegasys, Pegintron, Infergen), yomwe imathandiza kuteteza maselo kuti alowe mkati mwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuteteza kukula kwa mavairasi chitetezo cha mthupi kuteteza matenda. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumaphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amachokera ku ribavirin (Rebetol, Arviron), zomwe zimagwirizanitsa ndi kuletsa njira yogawira mavairasi, zomwe zimawatsogolera ku imfa.
Kuchiza ndi njira zimenezi za matenda a hepatitis C kuli ndi zolepheretsa zambiri ndi zotsatira zake, sizili zoyenera kwa mitundu yonse ya genotypes ya causative wothandizira matendawa. Zaka zingapo zapitazo, chipatala cha mankhwala odwala matenda odwala matendawa chinalembedwa, pamene patapita nthawi yaitali maphunziro atsopano analembetsedwa ku chiwindi cha chiwindi cha C chiwongolero:
- Sofosbuvir;
- Daklataswir;
- Ladipasvir.
Kuchokera apo, ndondomeko zatsopano za mankhwala zakhazikitsidwa molingana ndi kachilombo ka HIV, kupereka zotsatira zabwino popanda kusintha kwakukulu. Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, magulu otsatirawa a mankhwalawa amapatsidwa mankhwala:
- hepatoprotectors (Phosphogliv, Ursonan, Karsil);
- maginito (Timogen, Zadaxin, Derinat);
- mavitamini ndi kufufuza zinthu.
Chithandizo cholamulidwa chingathandize kokha ngati zifukwa zazikuluzikulu zotsatirazi zikuwonetsedwa:
- Kukana mowa kwambiri ndi kusuta.
- Kuchepetsa mikhalidwe yovuta.
- Kudya molingana ndi zakudya.
- Zochita zochitika mwachibadwa.
Chiwindi cha matenda a chiwindi C - mankhwala ndi mankhwala ochiritsira
Njira iliyonse yothetsera matenda a chiwindi (C) yodwala matenda a hepatitis C ikhoza kumangotenga mankhwala okhaokha ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhapokha mutagwirizana ndi dokotala. Kwenikweni, madokotala amtundu amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a zitsamba ndi zina zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri chiwindi.
Mapulogalamu othandiza
Zosakaniza:
- zokolola za chimanga - tebulo limodzi. supuni;
- madzi - 150 ml.
Kukonzekera ndi ntchito
- Bweretsani madzi kwa chithupsa ndi kudzaza ndi zipangizo.
- Limbikirani maola awiri, kukhetsa.
- Tengani makapu atatu kwa theka la ola musadye katatu patsiku.
Chiwindi cha chiwindi C - mankhwala, zakudya
Amene ali ndi chiwindi cha C, chakudya ndi choyenera. Zakudya m'thupili ziyenera kulumikizana ndi tebulo nambala 5 (molingana ndi Pevzner), kulepheretsa kumwa mafuta, osasakaniza zokazinga, mchere, kusuta, zakudya zophika, zakudya zamzitini. Kuonjezera apo, odwala ayenera kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amadya 2-3 malita patsiku.
Chiwindi cha chiwindi C - kupewa
Katemera omwe amateteza matendawa, komabe, kupewa kuteteza chiwindi cha matenda a hepatitis C ndiko kupewa njira zofalitsira matendawa. Kuti muteteze kukhudzana ndi magazi ndi zina zamagulu a anthu odwala, muyenera kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a anthu ena, mugwiritseni ntchito ma salon ndi mabungwe a zachipatala kumene zikhalidwe zimayendera, ndipo pewani kugonana mwangozi.