Poyambira m'dzinja, nkhani yokonzekera munda wamaluwa m'nyengo yozizira, yomwe imaphatikizapo kuvala kwake kumapeto, imakhala yoyenera kwa wolima aliyense.
2-3 masabata mutatha kukolola, mizu imayamba kukula kwambiri mu zomera, zomwe zimatha kupanga feteleza bwino. Ndiyomwe ndikufunika kuti azidyetsa.
Kudyetsa feteleza kwazomwe zimakhala zofunikira kuwapatsa zakudya zofunikira m'nyengo yopuma yozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, minofu yatsopano imapangidwa, yomwe imapangitsa kukula patsogolo pa nyengo yokula.
Kuyambira mu August, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zomwe zimakhala ndi nayitrogeni ziyenera kutayidwa. Nayitrogeni ikhoza kuyambitsa kukula kwa mphukira. Izi kwambiri zimachepetsa chisanu kutsutsa zipatso za mitengo ndi mitengo.
Manyowa omwe amafunika kwambiri kuti patsiku lidyetse m'dothi ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous.
Ndizochita bwino kupanga zovala zapamwamba ndi superphosphate, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta (ndi phosphorous zokwanira 20%) ndi ziwiri (ndi phosphorous okhutira 42-49%). Mwachidziŵikire, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kaŵirikaŵiri superphosphate, chifukwa imasiya masamba ang'onoang'ono m'nthaka. Phosphorous feteleza ayenera kulumikizidwa padziko lapansi kuya kuya 10 cm kwa zipatso mbewu ndi 7 masentimita zipatso zipatso.
Ndibwino kuti mupange feteleza ndi fetereza ngati potassium phosphate kapena monopotassium phosphate. Lili ndi 34% ya potassium ndi 52% ya phosphorous. Popeza feteleza ndi ballastless, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zomera popanda zotsalira.
Zothandiza mitengo ndi zitsamba kudyetsa ndi calimagnesia, feteleza kuphatikizapo magnesium imakhalanso ndi magnesium (11-18%). Amamera zitsamba zomwe zimayambira pafupi.
Komanso, mitengo ya zipatso ndi mitengo zimathandiza kwambiri manyowa ndi humus.
Kudyetsa kwa m'dzinja kwa apulo ndi peyala
Kutulutsa feteleza kumtundu wa mitengoyi kumachitika kangapo. Mavitrogeni amaloledwa kubweretsedwa kwa nthawi yotsiriza mpaka pakati pa September.
Kupaka ma apulo pamwamba kumapangidwa mothandizidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza omwe ali ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Komanso, ndi zofunika kupanga ndi calcium. Ngati pali kuchuluka kwa acidity m'nthaka, laimu imatulutsidwa m'nthaka.
Mapeyala amaperekedwanso ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Mukhoza kuphika feteleza wambiri.
Kwa malita 10 a madzi:
- Supuni 2 granular superphosphate;
- Supuni imodzi ya potaziyamu chloride.
Feteleza imayambira mu mitengo ikuluikulu.
Mukhozanso kudyetsa peyala ndi phulusa.
Kodi kudyetsa dziko lapansi kugwa?
Kuti zomera zipeze zakudya zomwe zikufunikira pakugwa, nkofunika kudyetsa nthaka ndizofunikira feteleza. Kudyetsa dziko lapansi kumachitika ndi organic feteleza:
- Manyowa (amathandizira kuwonjezereka kwa nthaka, amadziwika pamene akumba dziko lapansi zaka 2-3). Kawirikawiri feteleza wa manyowa pamtunda wa mamita 300 ndi 300 kg);
- peat (nthawi zina ndi mapiri ndi otsika , omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga gawo limodzi la kompositi);
- phulusa
(feteleza umachitika kamodzi mu 3-4 zaka, pamene kugwa kukumba kumachitika); - kompositi (ntchito yake imatsimikizira kuti nthaka idzakhala ndi chonde, zomwe zilipo ndi 3-4 kg pa 1 sq. m.);
- Zimadalira (izi ndizomera - clover, lupine, alfalfa ndi tirigu - oats ndi rye).
Manyowa amchere amaphatikizapo potaziyamu, nayitrogeni, laimu ndi feteleza a manganese.
Kuyenera kuwonjezeranso feteleza zazitsamba za zipatso ndi mitengo ndi nthaka kukuthandizani kusunga zomera m'munda wathanzi ndikutha kubala chipatso m'zaka zotsatira.