Kusamalira udzu - ndibwino bwanji kusamala kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino?

Kuonetsetsa kuti udzu wobiriwira umakhala wokondweretsa kumidzi, kusamalira udzu kumafunika kuchitidwa moyenera. Ntchito zoterezi zidzakuthandizani kuwonjezera mpweya ndi madzi kuwonongeka kwa nthaka, chakudya chabwino cha udzu, kupewa matenda a fungal, madzilogging, kukula kwa moss ndi namsongole ndikupatsanso malo abwino kuti awonekere.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji udzu?

Kusamalira bwino udzu wobiriwira kumaphatikizapo:

• kutsitsa udzu;
• chiwonetsero;
• kuthirira;
• Kusintha kwadothi;
• kukwera pamwamba;
• kumenyana ndi moss, namsongole, tizirombo.

Kuti mutenge udzu wofewa, wandiweyani ndi wobiriwira, kusamalira udzu wanu uyenera kukonzedwa bwino. Pa nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, udzu umafuna kusamala. Ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kusamala malowa, phulusa ndi chipale chofewa, musagone pamene mukuyeretsa. Pali zovuta zofunikira zomwe zimayenera kuchitika kumapeto, nyengo yozizira, chilimwe ndi yophukira.

Kusamalira udzu m'chaka

Kusamalira mozungulira kwa udzu kumafunikira chidwi kwambiri. Pokhala ndi sayansi yabwino yomwe ilipo panthawi imeneyi, kukula bwino ndi kukula kwa udzu m'nthawi yonseyi kumatsimikiziridwa. Kodi iwo amachita chiyani ndi kusamalira kasupe kumapeto kwa nyengo:

1. Chotsani chingwe. Pambuyo pa chisanu ndipo chapamwamba gawo la dziko lapansi lakuuma, masamba ndi zinyalala zimayeretsedwa ndi fan fan rakes potsatira perpendicular malangizo.
2. Aeration. Amapangidwira kuti mizu ikhale yofulumira kwambiri, imapangitsa kuti mpweya upitirize kutulutsa mpweya komanso imathandiza kuti zomera zizikhala bwino. Pochita izi, masiku awiri amathirira udzu mowonjezera ndiyeno amapanga punctures ku kuya kwa masentimita 8-10 m'kati mwake.
3. Kupaka pamwamba. M'chaka cha feteleza opindulitsa ndi nayitrogeni amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zimathandizira kukula kwa kukula kwa zobiriwira.
4. Chithandizo. M'nyengo yamvula, matenda a fungal akhoza kuoneka pa udzu, mwachitsanzo, fusariosis, powdery mildew kapena nkhungu. Pamene foci amadziwika, amaipidwa katatu ndi fungicides.
5. Seeding wa udzu. Malo omwe ali ndi mawanga achikasu kapena glades amabzala udzu.
6. Haircut. Kumeta tsitsi koyamba kumapangidwa pamene udzu umakula masentimita 10. Kutalika kwa udzu ukatha kukhala 5-6 masentimita. Kutchetchera kwotsatira kumapangidwa kawiri pa mwezi, kutalika kwa udzu kungachepetse 3-4 masentimita. Tsitsani udzu mu udzu wouma, masamba obiriwira amachotsedwa.

Kusamalira udzu m'chilimwe

Ngati kasupe kamasamalira udzu unachitika molondola, chilimwe cha ntchito chidzakhala chochepa. Ntchito zazikulu - kumeta tsitsi ndi kuthirira, zowonjezerapo - kuvala pamwamba ndi kudula. Momwe mungasamalire bwino udzu m'chilimwe:

1. Kuthirira ndi kumeta tsitsi. M'chilimwe, kuthirira kumachitika 3-4 pa sabata (nyengo yotentha - kawirikawiri), ikani mowirikiza 2 pa mwezi.
2. Kupaka pamwamba. Anatengedwa ndi chithandizo cha feteleza chophatikizapo nayitrogeni.
3. Kutchera m'mphepete. Mizere yoyendetsera malire a udzu amawoneka pa chingwe kapena bolodi, wavy - pa payipi. Kenaka pamphepete mwachindunji mumapangidwa ndi kuthandizidwa ndi fosholo yakuthwa.

Kusamalira udzu m'dzinja

Madzulo nyengo yozizira, muyenera kutsuka udzu ku masamba a chikasu, kukonza ndi kukulitsa chonde. Kusamalira udzu m'dzinja - kukonzekera kozizira:

1. Kukonza udzu. Pazitsamba zotentha kapena zochepa za udzu zimabzalidwa.
2. Kupaka pamwamba. Pofuna kulimbitsa mizu, amapanga feteleza phosphorus-potaziyamu, sayenera kukhala nayitrogeni.
3. Mulching. Mu September-Oktoba, kuwonjezeka kwa nthaka yopanda nthaka ikuchitika.
4. Aeration. M'nyengo youma, udzu umapyozedwa m'dzinja.
5. Haircut. Kutchetcha kotsiriza kwa udzu isanafike kumapeto kwa mwezi wa October. Kutalika kwa udzu sikutalika masentimita asanu.

Kusamalira udzu m'nyengo yozizira

M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa ayezi pamalowa kungawononge kusowa kwa mpweya kwa zomera. Ngati izo zikuwonekera chifukwa cha thaws, ziyenera kuwonongedwa mosamala ndi rakes. Pofuna kusamalira udzu usanafike m'nyengo yozizira, nthawi yozizira imayenera kuchepetsa katundu pa udzu:

• Musayende pa iyo ngati chisanu chapafupi ndi masentimita 20;
• musadzaze madzi oundana;
• Musati mutsegule chisanu pa udzu.

Kukonzekera kwa udzu ndi kusamalira iwo

Pofuna kumera udzu wathanzi pa malo, kubzala ndi kusamalira ziyenera kuchitika ndi kukhazikitsa njira zonse zofunika. Kufesa bwino udzu ndi kusunga miyambo ndi theka la kupambana. Kenaka amayenera kutchetchedwa, kuthiriridwa, nthawi zonse feteleza, kuthamanga ndi kuchotsa nthiti - nthaka yomwe idagwa panthaka. Pochita ntchito zoterezi, zipangizo zamaluwa zosiyanasiyana ndi zipangizo zamakono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mapulogalamu apamwamba okhudza udzu

Kuti apange udzu wobiriwira wokongola, pali njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangidwe kuti zithandize ntchito ya nyakulima. Kusamalira udzu - Zipangizo zamakono:

1. Mbewu. Zida zabwino zofesa mbewu. Iwo amafalitsa nkhaniyi mofanana pa chiwembucho, kuti athetse chiwerengero cha kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu kapena feteleza.
2. Aerators. Njirayi mothandizidwa ndi mipeni yapadera imapanga mphika m'nthaka.
3. > Ambiri. Chowombera ichi sichimangotchera nthaka, koma ndikuchiyeretsanso kuchokera ku udzu wa chaka chatha, zinyalala, moss. Amakulitsa udzu mumapiri ndi m'nyundo.
4. Onetsetsani. Ndipotu, ndi ofanana ndi odulidwa, amatha kudula mu nthaka monga mchere, kumasula ndi kuyika zinyalala mu zitini zosiyana.
5. Udzu wa udzu. Amagwiritsira ntchito ntchito zochera udzu. Pali njira zitatu zogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo:

1. Kokongoletsa (dzanja lawn lawn ndi nsomba). Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera mpaka 1% mbali. Chojambulacho chili ndi injini ya 250-500 W, chidendene, cholepheretsa udzu kutsika.
2. Mabowolo ogudubuza ndi magetsi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera oposa 10 mahekitala. Sakusowa kulemera, kuyamwa kwa udzu ndi kophweka - mumangofunika kuyendetsa zipangizo zanu.
3. Madzi opaka magetsi okhala ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito. Amagwira ntchito pa injini za petrol ndipo ndi ofunikira kwambiri.

Njira Zothandizira Udzu

Pali ntchito zambiri zovomerezeka zomwe zimayenera kuchitidwa posamalira udzu pafupi ndi nyumba. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

1. Verticalization. Kutenga kwa kumverera kumawonekera pa udzu zaka ziwiri zitatha. Kuchotsa izo, chitani chodula cha sod.
2. Kusintha. Izi zikuyeretsa udzu kuchokera ku udzu wa chaka chatha, moss ndi zinyalala. Sungani udzu katatu patsiku: kumapeto kwa chisanu kusungunuka kwa chipale chofewa, m'chilimwe kukolola udzu wofesedwa, komanso m'dzinja - kuyeretsa ku masamba osagwa.
3. Aeration. Izi zikupukuta dothi ku kuya kwa masentimita 10-15 ndi nsapato zamapazi, mawotchi, magetsi opangira magetsi. Pambuyo pake, ndi bwino kuwaza pedi ndi mchenga kuti mudzaze mabowo. Ndondomekoyi imachitika pambuyo poyesa, kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya ndi madzi zimapezeka mizu.
4. Haircut. Kumeta tsitsi koyamba kumachitika m'chaka, pamene udzu umakafika masentimita 10 mu msinkhu. Ikani "pamwamba", kotero kuti posachedwa idzapulumutsidwe kuchokera kuzizira. Pambuyo pa nsalu zingapo, udzu umadulidwa pansi, mpaka masentimita 4. Kuti pakhale kukongola kwa udzu kumbuyo kwa udzu, kusamalira podula kumachitika milungu iwiri iliyonse.
5. Kudyetsa. Yachitidwa katatu pachaka. M'chaka chachisanu ndi feteleza feteleza payenera kukhala nayitrogeni wambiri chifukwa cha kukula kwa zobiriwira, mu autumn - phosphorous (bwino mzu kupanga mapangidwe) ndi potaziyamu (imathandizira kukana matenda ndi chilala). Manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito musanayambe kuthirira mu sieve kapena ndi spreader.
6. Kukonza udzu. M'madera okhala ndi zikopa, chotsani zomera zonse, kumasula nthaka, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndi nitrojeni. Udzu wobiriwira umatchetcha pansi, umamasula nthaka ndikupukuta mwachindunji pamwamba pa udzu. Pankhaniyi, mlingo wa mbeu imatha kuchepetsedwa ndi chinthu chachiwiri. Malo ofesedwa akuphatikizidwa ndi chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga ndi wosanjikiza wa masentimita 1 ndi kuthirira. Mphepete mwazitsamba za udzu ziyenera kukhala zofanana ndi fosholo pamodzi ndi tsatanetsatane.
7. Mulching. Pamwamba pamphepete mwachangu mugawane chisakanizo chachonde kuti mupititse patsogolo zakudya zokhudzana ndi mizu ndi kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa madzi m'nthaka. Zopangidwe zake zimakhala ndi peat, loam ndi mchenga. Chiŵerengero chawo chimadalira mtundu wa nthaka:

• dongo 1: 2: 4;
• mchenga 2: 4: 1;
• loam 1: 4: 2.

Kuthirira udzu

Kukula kwa udzu wobiriwira, kuthirira nthawi zonse ndikofunika kwambiri. Pamene kusamalira zitsamba ndi zipangizo zidzakuthandizira pa nthawi yake kuti zizalirire popanda kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito yamanja. Tsopano izi zimapindula pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana za ulimi wothirira, zopangidwa ndi hoses, sprinkler, mitundu yonse ya zolumikizira. Adzathandiza kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yosinthika.

Kuthirira udzu - zipangizo

Malinga ndi kukula kwake kwa malo, dongosolo la ulimi wothirira udzu amasankhidwa. Pali njira zingapo:

1. Kudzitsuka nokha ndi phula ndi nozzle-sprayer. Iyi ndiyo njira yowonongera nthawi.
2. Kuthira kwachangu ndi kachitidwe ka ulimi wothirira. Ndikofunika kusankha payipi ya kutalika kokhala ndi zowonongeka, kugwirizanitsa chirichonse ku sump kapena crane. Machitidwe ambiri ali ndi timeri zomwe zimaphatikizapo ulimi wothirira nthawi zina, ndipo amachotsedwa panthawi yamvula.
3. Machitidwe a ulimi wothirira mobisa ndi spray sprinklers. Amayikidwa m'madera akuluakulu.

Madzi kwa kuthirira udzu

Yabwino ndi kuthirira kwa udzu, pamene udzu umathirira madzi ndipo sunawonongeke. Sungani udzu madzulo kapena m'mawa kwambiri. Kuthirira kuyenera kukhala wochuluka, osaloleza maonekedwe. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa pa masentimita 10. Kutentha, udzu umathiriridwa kawiri pa sabata, nyengo yozizira - kamodzi pa masiku khumi. Lamulo lalikulu ndi kuthirira udzu ngati kuli kofunika, nthaka isakhale nayo nthawi youma. Madzi abwino a ulimi wothirira amawonedwa ngati mvula. Ikusonkhanitsidwa ndi kayendedwe kake ka sitelo mu ngalande yamadzi. Ngati palibe, madzi a pompop adzachita.

Kusamalira udzu

Mafolo a udzu - Chisamaliro chapadera chimafuna mutatha kuyala:

1. Sabata 1 : kuthirira tsiku lililonse m'mawa ndi madzulo, madzi ambiri ndi 25-40 malita pa m ² .
2. 2 ndi sabata : kuthirira tsiku lirilonse, tsitsi loyamba likunyamulidwa pa udzu, mutatha kutchera koyamba, feteleza imapangidwa ndi feteleza ovuta.
3. Mlungu 3 : kuthirira katatu pa sabata, kuwombera tsitsi: muyenera kupanganso kachiwiri kumbali yoyamba.
4. M'tsogolomu, kuthirira (malita 20 pa m ² ) kumapangidwa milungu iwiri iliyonse (ngati n'koyenera - nthawi zambiri).
5. Kutchetchera kumachitika kamodzi pa sabata, kutalika kwa udzu ndi masentimita asanu 5. Mu kasupe, udzu wokhawokha ndi umene umadulidwa mu tsitsi loyamba.
6. Kupaka pamwamba pa udzu ndi feteleza zovuta kumachitika katatu pa chaka.

Chisamaliro cha nkhumba zopangira

Ngakhale kupaka zovala kumafuna chidwi chapadera. Kusamalira udzu - mwachidule:

1. Kamodzi pa masabata awiri kuti mutenge (kukweza mulu) ndi kufalitsa kwa yunifolomu ya kudzaza.
2. Kusamalira udzu kumafuna kudzaza nthawi yodzaza malo komwe kulibe.
3. Chotsani namsongole, musalole kuti akule.
4. Yang'anani chivundikiro cha zinyalala ndikuchotsani.
5. Pogwiritsa ntchito zigawozi, ndizodziwikiratu kuti mutha kukonza zowonongeka.
6. Mu nthawi ya kugwa masamba muyenera kuyeretsa zinyalala.
7. Kamodzi mu zaka 1-2, malo okwanira mmalo mwadzaza amapangidwa kuchotsa kumera kwa namsongole ndi namsongole.