Anthu akhala akugwira ntchito zaulimi kuyambira nthawi zakale ndipo nthawi zonse akupita patsogolo. Pamene tikudziwa zambiri za chirengedwe ndi malamulo ake, timakhala otsimikiza kwambiri kuti tikulitsa zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana. Kuonjezera zokolola za masiku ano, zosiyanasiyana zowonongeka ndi matekinoloje akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito, kuyesedwa kwa zaka zambiri, kuposa momwe tingayesere.
Imodzi mwa matekinoloje otero ndi chipangizo cha mabedi ofunda. Izi "zidziwitso" zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kumpoto, kumene kukula kwa mbewu sikokwanira kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, ku Siberia, pafupifupi kutentha kwa mwezi wa Meyi sikudutsa 10 ° C, ndipo kuti pakhale zamasamba ambiri, madigiri 2-3 okha akusowa. Kuti achite izi, adabwera ndi mabedi ofunda. Mmenemo, pansi pa kompositi yosanjikizira, chinthu choyambira chimayikidwa, chomwe chimataya, chimapangitsa kutentha kwake kumatulutsa mizu ya zomera kuchokera mkati, kuchokera pansipa. Masamba m'mabedi amenewa akhoza kubzalidwa masabata 3-4 m'mbuyomo, ndipo amatha kupereka mpaka kugwa. Kuonjezera apo, pamene zinthu zakuthupi zimatha, amapanga zakudya zambiri, zomwe zimathandizanso zomera.
Kodi mungapange bwanji mabedi ofunda?
Izi sizovuta monga zikuwonekera:
- Choyamba, dziwani malo a tsogolo labwino. Malo okongola adzakhala mbali ya dzuwa ya chiwembu, makamaka kumbuyo kwa khoma la nyumba kapena nkhokwe. Kutentha kwa tsiku, khoma la nyumbayi lidzapereka kutentha usiku, osalola kuti achinyamata aziwombera.
- Ngati malo anu ali kumtunda, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito bokosi la matabwa pabedi. Pachifukwa ichi, pansi pa bedi lidzakhala pansi, ndi chapamwamba mu bokosi. Ngati webusaitiyi ili, mukhoza kukumba ngalande yaying'ono pafupifupi masentimita 40.
- Chotsani nthaka pochotsa pamwamba pa nthaka yakale, ndipo muyambe kuyika mabedi omwe amakhalapo, kuyambira pansi mpaka pansi:
- nthambi (dra);
- mchere wamakono (masamba ogwa, utuchi, nyuzipepala zakale, udzu);
- zitsamba zamtundu (nitrogenous organic matter (chomera chomera, manyowa, udzu, zitosi za mbalame, mullein);
- gawo lina la zinthu zakutchire zamagetsi;
- kompositi;
- Zowonjezera (ngati mutabzalitsa zomera nthawi yayitali, mukhoza kuphimba bedi ndi polyethylene, koma izi siziri zofunikira).
Chimodzi mwa zosankha zowonjezera mabediwa ndi mabedi ozungulira nkhaka, zukini ndi zina zosakwera mbewu. Kuchita izi, matayala akale amagalimoto adzakhala othandiza: amagwiritsidwa ntchito mmalo mwa bokosi, kusunga kutentha bwino ndikulimbikitsanso kutentha kwabedi. Pakati pa dzenje, musaiwale kuyendetsa galimoto.
Anakumana wamaluwa amalimbikitsa madzi okwanira mabedi ndi yankho la biopreparation "Kuwala", komanso alternately wamba madzi ndi zosiyanasiyana zitsamba infusions.
Kumbukirani kuti chaka choyamba mu chidebe chofewa simungakhoze kulima zomera zomwe zimakhala ndi zotenga nitrates: beets, radishes, katsabola, sipinachi, parsley. Kawirikawiri, mabedi otentha amapangidwa chifukwa cha mbewu zamasamba: nkhaka, eggplant, tomato, tsabola, zukini, dzungu, zomwe zimatenga kwambiri zakudya m'nthaka. Pakuyamba kwachiwiri kasupe, mukhoza kudzala woyera kabichi, letesi, udzu winawake, ndi chaka chachitatu - zomera zokhala ndi zochepa zowonjezera zakudya.
Mungathe kuphatikiza mabedi ofunda ndi njira yolima masamba pa mitlajderu (mabedi ang'onoang'ono patali kwambiri). Njirayi idzakhala yogwira mtima kuposa njira zonsezi.
Ndi nthawi iti yabwino kupanga mabedi ofunda?
Kuyamba chipangizo cha mabedi ofunda ndibwino kwambiri m'dzinja, chifukwa:
- Poyamba, m'dzinja mudzapeza zamoyo zambiri zachilengedwe: masamba owuma, masamba a mbatata, udzu, udzu, etc;
- Kachiwiri, kumapeto kwa ntchito m'munda ndi kumunda kuli zambiri kuposa m'dzinja: ndikofunikira kukumba, kumasula, kudzala, madzi, ndi kukonza mabedi makamaka kamodzi. Choncho, mutangokhalira kupanga chiwombankhanga, musachedwe kufikira masika: izi zidzakupulumutsani nthawi yamtengo wapatali.
M'chaka chiyenera kukhala chofunikira kukonzekera mabedi pa nyengoyi: kukumba mabowo, ngati n'koyenera kuwonjezera kompositi kwa iwo ndikubzala zomera.