Pareto lamulo kapena mfundo 20/80 - ndi chiyani?

Anthu owonetsetsa amabweretsa phindu lalikulu padziko lapansi pamene akugawana zomwe akuganiza mogwirizana ndi zomwe akuwona. Malamulo onse omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mbali zonse za moyo amathandiza munthu kupeza zotsatira zabwino payekha ndi ntchito zapagulu. Lamulo limodzi ndilo lamulo la Pareto.

Pareto mfundo, kapena mfundo 20/80

Ulamuliro wa Pareto umatchedwa dzina lake Wilhelm Pareto, yemwe ndi katswiri wa zachikhalidwe cha anthu. Wasayansi anali ataphunzira za kuyendetsedwa kwa ndalama mumagulu ndi ntchito zopanga. Chotsatira chake, adapeza njira zambiri, zomwe zikuwonetsedwa mu lamulo la Pareto, lomwe linapangidwa pambuyo pa imfa ya wasayansi ndi katswiri wa khalidwe la American Joseph Jurano mu 1941.

Lamulo la Wilhelm Pareto ndilo lingaliro labwino la 20/80, pomwe 20% amagwiritsira ntchito khama pa ntchito yosankhidwa, kupereka zotsatira 80%. Ngakhale kuti ntchito 80% ndi 20% yokha. Pareto equilibrium inakhazikitsidwa pamaziko a ntchito yake pa "Theory of Elites" ndipo inafotokozedwa mu mfundo zomwe adazilemba:

1. Kufalikira kwa chuma m'mabungwe: 80% ya ndalama zonsezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa olamulira akuluakulu (oposa), 20% otsalirawo amagawidwa pagulu.
2. Makampani 20% okha omwe amalandira phindu la 80% ali opambana ndi opindulitsa.

Pareto mfundo - nthawi yosamalira

Kupambana kwa munthu kumadalira pazinthu zambiri, koma kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru nthawi ndi imodzi mwa nthawi zofunika komanso zofunika. Lamulo la Pareto pakukonzekera nthawi limathandiza molimbika pang'ono kuti akwaniritse zotsatira zochititsa chidwi ndikuyang'anira mbali zazikulu za moyo. Pareto kulingalira bwino mu kayendetsedwe ka nthawi kudzawoneka ngati izi:

1. Ntchito 20 peresenti yokhayo yomaliza idzapereka 80% ya zotsatira;
2. Kuti musankhe ntchito izi zofunika kwambiri zomwe zingabweretse 80% "kutaya", m'pofunika kulembetsa mndandanda wa milandu ndikuziika pamtengo wofunika kwambiri pa mfundo 10, pomwe 10 aziwonetsera chofunikira pa ntchitoyo, ndipo 0-1 ndi ofunika kwambiri.
3. Ntchito zofanana zimayamba kuchita ndi zomwe zimafuna ndalama zochepa.

Lamulo la Pareto m'moyo

Muzochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku, ntchito zambiri zowonongeka ndipo 20% zokhazo zimapindulitsa kwambiri gawo la umunthu wa anthu, zimapereka machitidwe abwino ndikubweretsa mphamvu. Kuzindikira moyo wa munthu: kugwirizana ndi anthu, malo ozungulira, zinthu ndi zochitika - zidzakuthandizani kuganiziranso ndi kudzipatula zosayenera kapena kuchepetsa zonse zomwe zimachotsa mphamvu ndi nthawi. Mfundo ya Pareto m'moyo:

1. Kudzikuza - nthawi yambiri yopereka chitukuko cha maluso omwe amabweretsa 80 phindu.
2. Zotsatira - 20 peresenti ya makasitomala amabweretsa ndalama zowonongeka, choncho ndibwino kuti aziwasamalira ndi kukwaniritsa zosowa zawo.
3. Danga la nyumba - Pareto zotsatira ndikuti munthu amagwiritsa ntchito 20 peresenti ya zinthu mnyumbamo, ena onse akufota pakhomo kapena nthawi iliyonse zinthu zambiri zosafunika zimagulidwa. Pokonzekera kugula, anthu amathera nthawi yochepa pa kutumikira zinthu izi.
4. Zamalonda - kulamulira kumathandiza kuwerengera zomwe 20 peresenti ya zinthu, zogulitsa zimagwiritsa ntchito 80% ya ndalama ndikudziwe komwe mungasunge.
5. Ubale - pakati pa achibale, anthu odziwa, ogwira nawo ntchito, pali anthu 20% omwe ali ndi chilankhulo champhamvu kwambiri.

Mfundo ya Pareto mu Economics

Kuchita bwino kapena Pareto Chofunika kwambiri mu dongosolo la zachuma ndi chimodzi mwa mfundo zofunikira kwambiri za chuma chamakono ndipo lili ndi mawu omaliza omwe Pareto adanena kuti ubwino wa anthu umakhala wopindulitsa mu chuma chomwe palibe amene angathe kusintha mkhalidwe wawo popanda kuwononga moyo wa ena. Pareto - mulingo woyenera kwambiri umatheka pokhapokha ngati zofunikira zithetsedwa:

1. Phindu lokhazikika pakati pa ogula limagawidwa molingana ndi kukwaniritsa zosowa zawo (mmalo mwa momwe abambo amatha kulipira).
2. Zida zimayikidwa pakati pa kupanga katundu ndi chiwerengero chomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera momwe zingathere.
3. Zogulitsa zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mabungwe ogulitsa ntchito ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira zinthu zomwe zimaperekedwa.

Mfundo ya Pareto mu Management

Lamulo logawira Pareto limagwiranso ntchito pazolunjika. M'makampani akuluakulu omwe ali ndi antchito ambiri, ndi kosavuta kupanga chiwonetsero chochitika kusiyana ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono, kumene aliyense akuwonekera. A 20% mwa ogwira ntchito omwe amayamikira ntchito zawo, amayesetsa kupanga ntchito - kubweretsa 80 peresenti ya ndalama zawo kuti apange. Akatswiri apadera akhala akulandira kale Pareto mfundo ndikuchepetsa antchito osafunikira, kupulumutsa ndalama zomwe kampani ikugwiritsira ntchito, koma kawirikawiri izi ndizofunika kwa antchito apadera pamene kampani ikukumana ndi mavuto.

Mfundo ya Pareto mu Sales

Ulamuliro wa Pareto wogulitsa ndi umodzi wa zofunika. Mabizinesi aliwonse, mkulu wogulitsa malonda akuyesera kuzindikira zigawo zogwira ntchito za 20%, zochitika, zibwenzi, katundu, zomwe zingapangitse malonda, malonda pamtunda wapamwamba. Amalonda ogwira bwino awonetsa zotsatirazi za Pareto:

• 20% ya nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa kayendetsedwe ka bizinesi - 80% ya ntchito;
• Zogulitsa 80% zimaperekedwa ndi a 20% a mamenjala kapena ogulitsa;
• Kuchokera mumtundu wonse wa zogulitsa, 20 peresenti yokha amabweretsa ndalama zowonjezera 80%;
• Makasitomala kapena ogula nthawi zonse, izi ndizo 20% zomwe zimabweretsa 80% phindu kapena kupanga.

Pareto mfundo mu logistics

Njira ya Pareto muzinthu zogwirira ntchito yatsimikizira kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino mmadera osiyanasiyana, koma kawirikawiri ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa monga: Kuika chidwi pa 10% - 20% mwa maudindo akuluakulu, ogula katundu ndi makasitomala amakupatsani 80% ya kupambana ndi ndalama zochepa. Mbali za zinthu zomwe Pareto zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• kutumiza katundu, kayendedwe ka katundu;
• Kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa kutumizidwa kwazomwezo;
• kukonzeratu kupanga;
• Kusungidwa bwino kwa katundu mu zipinda zamalonda kapena malo osungiramo katundu;
• kasitomala kusanthula.

Kodi chimathandiza bwanji kudziwa tchati cha Pareto?

Lingaliro la Pareto likhoza kuwonetsedwa mu mitundu iwiri ya zithunzi, zomwe, ngati chida, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muchuma, bizinesi, ndi mateknoloji pakupanga:

1. Pareto's graph performance - amathandiza kupeza mavuto ofunika ndi zotsatira zoipa
2. Ndondomeko ya Pareto pazifukwa ndikutulutsidwa kwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zinayambitsa pakapita ntchito.

Kodi mungapange bwanji chithunzi cha Pareto?

Chithunzi cha Pareto n'chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, koma chimakulolani kuti muyesetse kuchita zochitika ndikupanga zisankho kuti muthe kuchita zinthu zopanda ntchito. Kumanga tchati kumakhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo:

1. Kusankha kwa vutoli, lomwe liyenera kufufuzidwa bwino.
2. Konzani mawonekedwe a kudula deta
3. Pofuna kuchepetsa kufunika kwake, sankhani deta yolandila pa vutoli.
4. Kukonzekera mzere wa tchati. Kumanzere kumanzere kwa malamulo, chiwerengero cha zinthu zomwe anaphunzira (mwachitsanzo kuchokera ku 1-10), kumene kumapeto kwa msinkhu kumayenderana ndi chiwerengero cha mavuto, akubwezeretsedwa. The axis of the ordinate ndi mlingo kuchokera 10 - 100% - chizindikiro cha kuchuluka kwa mavuto kapena zizindikiro zosayenerera. Nkhono ya abscissa imagawidwa m'zigawo zofanana ndi chiwerengero cha zinthu zophunzira.
5. Kujambula chithunzi. Kutalika kwa zipilala kumbali ya kumanzere kuli kofanana ndi mafupipafupi a mawonetseredwe a mavuto odzitetezera, ndipo zipilala zimamangidwa kuti zikhale zochepa kwambiri.
6. Mphindi wa Pareto umamangidwa pambali pa chithunzi - Mzere woswekawu umagwirizanitsa ziwerengero zonse zomwe zaikidwa pamtunda wofanana, womwe uli kumbali yake yolondola.
7. Mndandandawo waikidwa pachithunzichi.
8. Kusanthula kwa Pareto chithunzi.

Chitsanzo cha chithunzi chosonyeza Pareto kusagwirizana ndi kusonyeza kuti ndi katundu uti wopindulitsa: