Anesthesia ndi ofunika kwambiri pakuchitidwa opaleshoni iliyonse. Mankhwala a antiesthesia ndi ofunikira kuti munthu azisangalala kwambiri. Kuwonjezera apo, amamuthandiza wodwala kukumbukira zinthu zosasangalatsa za opaleshoniyo. Koma pali zolakwika zambiri zolakwika zokhudzana ndi mtundu wa anesthesia, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti wodwalayo aziyankhulana ndi dokotala.
Kodi n'zotheka kuchita anesthesia wamba, ndizowopsa motani ku thanzi ndi moyo?
Ena mwa malingaliro okhudza mtundu wa analgesia omwe akufotokozedwa, pali nthano zakuti anesthesia imachepetsa moyo, imakhudza kwambiri ntchito ya mtima, imatsogolera ku ubongo wosasinthika kugwira ntchito zosawonongeka, ngakhalenso kuwonongeka ndi zotsatira zowononga.
Ndipotu, ziganizo zonsezi ndizofala. General analgesia ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera chidziwitso kwa kanthawi. Komanso, zimayambitsa zovuta zambiri komanso zotsatirapo zovuta kuposa zotsatira zowopsa kwa anesthesia, kuphatikizapo imfa - chiopsezo cha imfa, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku kugwa kwachulukira kawiri kawiri.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kukonzekera kulandira odwala mu mkhalidwe wa anesthesia kumakhala kosalekeza. Choncho, usadandaule za chitukuko cha zomwe zimachitika. Katswiri wamagetsi amatha kusonkhanitsa deta zokhudzana ndi thanzi la wodwala kuti asapewe zotsatira zoipa.
Kodi ndi zotsutsana bwanji ndi anesthesia?
Palibe zotsutsana zenizeni kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya analgesia yomwe ikuwerengedwa. Mankhwala akuluakulu a anesthesia apangidwa, kuphatikiza komwe kumapangitsa kusankha mwapadera mankhwala osiyanasiyana kwa wodwala aliyense. Nthawi zina, wodwalayo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama pafupifupi khumi ndi zisanu.
Komabe, nthawi zina nkofunika kubwezera opaleshoniyo pogwiritsa ntchito anesthesia wamba chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwapachipatala kapena kuwonjezereka kwa matenda aakulu. Koma opaleshoni yopanda opaleshoni siidachotsedwe, koma imangosinthidwa mpaka nthawi yomwe mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo uli wokhutiritsa.
Kodi opaleshoni imachitidwa bwanji pansi pa anesthesia?
Pambuyo pa chisankho chochita opaleshoni, kufufuza mosamala wodwalayo ndi kusonkhanitsa deta kuti likhale ndi anamnesis yolondola kumayambira.
Pamaso pa aesthesia ambiri, zimakhazikitsidwa kuti munthu ali ndi chizoloŵezi chosokoneza mankhwala osokoneza bongo, matenda aakulu a mtima, kupuma, dongosolo la manjenje.
Komanso, wodwalayo wamagetsi, limodzi ndi wodwalayo, malinga ndi maganizo ake ndi thupi lake, amasankha njira ya analgesia. Mankhwala ovutika maganizo amatha kuyamba ndi njira zitatu:
- Momwemo. Amagwiritsira ntchito catheter yapadera, mankhwalawa amatengeka m'magazi panthawi yopweteka kwambiri .
- Kutsegula. Mankhwala opatsirana amaperekedwa ku ziwalo zopuma pogwiritsa ntchito mask nkhope.
- Kuphatikizidwa. Gwiritsani ntchito njira zonsezi zapamwambazi.
Kumayambiriro kwa opaleshoniyo, wodwalayo amachititsa ntchito zofunikira - amayesa mtima, amapuma, ndipo amapanga mitsempha yamtundu. Pambuyo pake, wodwalayo atha kugona tulo tofa nato.
Pogwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni yanthaŵi yaitali, chiopsezo cha kupuma kwa kupuma chiyenera kupeŵedwa, motero ndege ikutha. Ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa m'njira ziwiri:
- Thumba la intubation. Mothandizidwa ndi laryngoscope, mumalowa m'kamwa ndipo kenaka mumatulutsa mzere.
- Laryngeal mask. Chipangizochi chimaikidwa pammero popanda kulowa m'kamwa.
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, zipangizo zoti apitirize kupuma zimachotsedwa.